4 results match your criteria: "University of Maryland School of Medicine and Baltimore VA Hospital[Affiliation]"

In order to discover global gene expression patterns characterizing subgroups of colon cancer, microarrays were hybridized to labeled RNAs obtained from seventeen colonic specimens (nine carcinomas and eight normal samples). Using a hierarchical agglomerative method, the samples grouped naturally into two major clusters, in perfect concordance with pathological reports (colon cancer versus normal colon). Using a variant of the unpaired t-test, selected genes were ordered according to an index of importance.

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A significant portion of gastric cancers exhibit defective DNA mismatch repair, manifested as microsatellite instability (MSI). High-frequency MSI (MSI-H) is associated with hypermethylation of the human mut-L homologue 1 (hMLH1) mismatch repair gene promoter and diminished hMLH1 expression in advanced gastric cancers. However, the relationship between MSI and hMLH1 hypermethylation has not been studied in early gastric neoplasms.

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A germline sequence alteration at codon 1307 of the APC gene (I1307K) has been reported in 6-7% of the Ashkenazi Jewish population in the United States. This alteration is believed to predispose the APC gene to a secondary mutation at the same locus, resulting in an increased risk of colorectal carcinoma. There is an increased risk of colorectal carcinoma in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a relatively large proportion of whom are Ashkenazi Jews.

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Mutations within microsatellite sequences, consisting of additions or deletions of repeat units, are known as the replication/repair error positive (RER+) phenotype or micorsatellite instability (MI). Microsatellite instability has been demonstrated in hereditary and sporadic colorectal carcinomas and is usually observed in noncoding regions of genomic DNA. However, relatively few coding region targets of MI have been identified thus far.

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