Comparative Population Genomics of Arctic Sled Dogs Reveals a Deep and Complex History.

Recent evidence demonstrates genomic and morphological continuity in the Arctic ancestral lineage of dogs. Here, we use the Siberian Husky to investigate the genomic legacy of the northeast Eurasian Arctic lineage and model the deep population history using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms. Utilizing ancient dog-calibrated molecular clocks, we found that at least two distinct lineages of Arctic dogs existed in ancient Eurasia at the end of the Pleistocene.

Mitigating the effect of COVID-19 in a postemergency phase: The role of sense of community and individual resilience.

To identify and confirm patterns of relationships connecting sense of community (SOC) and individual resilience with psychological well-being, via the mediation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) impacts on life domains. An online survey was conducted with a sample of adults (n = 650) 1 year after the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy and the United States (April-December 2021). Utilizing a Structural Equation Model, we tested a mediation model (n = 563) to identify the associations between SOC and individual resilience and the perceived impacts of the emergency situation and psychological well-being.

The Health Status of Undocumented Immigrants from Asian Countries in the United States: A Scoping Review and Recommendations for Future Directions.

Immigrants from Asian countries are the fastest-growing undocumented population in the United States (U.S.), yet not much is known about their health.

UV-activated calcium peroxide system enables simultaneous organophosphorus degradation, phosphate recovery, and carbon fixation.

Advanced oxidation processes are a desirable technology for treatment of contaminants of emerging concern. Nevertheless, conventional advanced oxidation of organophosphorus compounds releases inorganic phosphate, posing downstream concerns related to eutrophication. For this reason, we evaluated the ultraviolet light-activated calcium peroxide (UV/CaO) system for effective treatment of organophosphorus compounds and concurrent capture of the mineralization products, phosphate.

Mechanistic insights into condensate formation of human liver-type phosphofructokinase by stochastic modeling approaches.

Human liver-type phosphofructokinase 1 (PFKL) has been shown to regulate glucose flux as a scaffolder arranging glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes into a multienzyme metabolic condensate, the glucosome. However, it has remained elusive of how phase separation of PFKL is governed and initiates glucosome formation in living cells, thus hampering to understand a mechanism of glucosome formation and its functional contribution to human cells. In this work, we developed a stochastic model in silico using the principle of Langevin dynamics to investigate how biological properties of PFKL contribute to the condensate formation.

Proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of a Haematococcus pluvialis (Chlorophyceae) mutant with a higher heterotrophic cell division rate reveals altered pathways involved in cell proliferation and nutrient partitioning.

Haematococcus pluvialis has been used to produce the ketocarotenoid antioxidant, astaxanthin. Currently, heterotrophic cultivation of H. pluvialis is limited by slow growth rates.

"Successfully" Aging "Alone?": Unequal Global Opportunities and Rising Risks in Family-Based Models of Care Cross-Nationally.

Background And Objectives: For the first time in human history, older adults will outnumber children and a substantial and growing proportion will live alone and lack one or more nuclear family ties. Such unprecedented shifts require a reevaluation of existing models of "successful aging," particularly in terms of long-term care policies.

Research Design And Methods: This paper draws on country-level data from multiple publicly available sources (e.

Targeting Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response Protein 88 (MyD88) and Galectin-3 to Develop Broad-Spectrum Host-Mediated Therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2.

Nearly six million people worldwide have died from the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Although COVID-19 vaccines are largely successful in reducing the severity of the disease and deaths, the decline in vaccine-induced immunity over time and the continuing emergence of new viral variants or mutations underscore the need for an alternative strategy for developing broad-spectrum host-mediated therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. A key feature of severe COVID-19 is dysregulated innate immune signaling, culminating in a high expression of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and a lack of antiviral interferons (IFNs), particularly type I (alpha and beta) and type III (lambda).

Behind the Curtain: Comparing Predictive Models Performance in 2 Publicly Insured Populations.

Introduction: Predictive models have proliferated in the health system in recent years and have been used to predict both health services utilization and medical outcomes. Less is known, however, on how these models function and how they might adapt to different contexts. The purpose of the current study is to shed light on the inner workings of a large-scale predictive model deployed in 2 distinct populations, with a particular emphasis on adaptability issues.

Slow convergence: Career impediments to interdisciplinary biomedical research.

Despite the long-standing calls for increased levels of interdisciplinary research as a way to address society's grand challenges, most science is still disciplinary. To understand the slow rate of convergence to more interdisciplinary research, we examine 154,021 researchers who received a PhD in a biomedical field between 1970 and 2013, measuring the interdisciplinarity of their articles using the disciplinary composition of references. We provide a range of evidence that interdisciplinary research is impactful, but that those who conduct it face early career impediments.

Investigating Laser Ablation Process Parameters for the Fabrication of Customized Microneedle Arrays for Therapeutic Applications.

Microneedles are an innovation in the field of medicine that have the potential to revolutionize drug delivery, diagnostics, and cosmetic treatments. This innovation provides a minimally invasive means to deliver drugs, vaccines, and other therapeutic substances into the skin. This research investigates the design and manufacture of customized microneedle arrays using laser ablation.

Martian atmospheric hydrogen and deuterium: Seasonal changes and paradigm for escape to space.

Mars' water history is fundamental to understanding Earth-like planet evolution. Water escapes to space as atoms, and hydrogen atoms escape faster than deuterium giving an increase in the residual D/H ratio. The present ratio reflects the total water Mars has lost.

Toxin Dynamics among Populations of the Bioluminescent HAB Species from the Indian River Lagoon, FL.

Dinoflagellate species that form some of the most frequent toxic blooms are also bioluminescent, yet the two traits are rarely linked when studying bloom development and persistence. is a toxic, bioluminescent dinoflagellate that previously bloomed in Florida with no known record of saxitoxin (STX) production. Over the past 20 years, STX was identified in populations.

Prediction of Frequency-Dependent Optical Spectrum for Solid Materials: A Multioutput and Multifidelity Machine Learning Approach.

The frequency-dependent optical spectrum is pivotal for a broad range of applications from material characterization to optoelectronics and energy harvesting. Data-driven surrogate models, trained on density functional theory (DFT) data, have effectively alleviated the scalability limitations of DFT while preserving its chemical accuracy, expediting material discovery. However, prevailing machine learning (ML) efforts often focus on scalar properties such as the band gap, overlooking the complexities of optical spectra.

Association between pre-hip fracture depression and days at home after fracture and assessing sex differences.

Background: Hip fracture and depression are important public health issues among older adults, but how pre-fracture depression impacts recovery after hip fracture is unknown, especially among males who often experience greater depression severity. Days at home (DAH), or the days spent outside a hospital or healthcare facility, is a novel, patient-centered outcome that can capture meaningful aspects of fracture recovery. How pre-fracture depression impacts DAH after fracture, and related sex differences, remains unclear.

Hydroxymethanesulfonate and Sulfur(IV) in Fairbanks Winter During the ALPACA Study.

Hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) in fine aerosol particles has been reported at significant concentrations along with sulfate under extreme cold conditions (-35 °C) in Fairbanks, Alaska, a high latitude city. HMS, a component of S(IV) and an adduct of formaldehyde and sulfur dioxide, forms in liquid water. Previous studies may have overestimated HMS concentrations by grouping it with other S(IV) species.

Maximizing Access to Cell Biology for PEERS: Retracting the term minority in favor of a more inclusive lexicon.

The word minority, when used incorrectly, is a condescending term that segregates, inaccurately represents groups as being smaller or less important, and fuels microaggressions. Scientific societies and other institutions have normalized using the word minority, or the "M word," to refer to members of underrepresented groups in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). The message put forth using the term minority often directly conflicts with the inclusive agenda these societies seek to enact.