Completely noninvasive multi-analyte monitoring system for cell culture processes.

Although online monitoring of dissolved O, pH, and dissolved CO is critical in bioprocesses, nearly all existing technologies require some level of direct contact with the cell culture environment, posing risks of contamination. This study addresses the need for an accurate, and completely noninvasive technique for simultaneous measurement of these analytes. A "non-contact" technique for simultaneous monitoring of dissolved O pH, and dissolved CO was developed.

Mechanistic insights into condensate formation of human liver-type phosphofructokinase by stochastic modeling approaches.

Human liver-type phosphofructokinase 1 (PFKL) has been shown to regulate glucose flux as a scaffolder arranging glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes into a multienzyme metabolic condensate, the glucosome. However, it has remained elusive of how phase separation of PFKL is governed and initiates glucosome formation in living cells, thus hampering to understand a mechanism of glucosome formation and its functional contribution to human cells. In this work, we developed a stochastic model in silico using the principle of Langevin dynamics to investigate how biological properties of PFKL contribute to the condensate formation.

Cross-validation of insurer and hospital price transparency data.

Given recent congressional interest in codifying price transparency regulations, it is important to understand the extent to which newly available price transparency data capture true underlying procedure-level prices. To that end, we compared the prices for maternity services negotiated between a large payer and 26 hospitals in Mississippi across 2 separate price transparency data sources: payer and hospital. The degree of file overlap is low, with only 16.

Structural determinants of Vibrio cholerae FeoB nucleotide promiscuity.

Ferrous iron (Fe) is required for the growth and virulence of many pathogenic bacteria, including Vibrio cholerae (Vc), the causative agent of the disease cholera. For this bacterium, Feo is the primary system that transports Fe into the cytosol. FeoB, the main component of this system, is regulated by a soluble cytosolic domain termed NFeoB.

Alzheimer's disease diagnosis in the metaverse.

Background And Objective: The importance of early diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is by no means negligible because no cure has been recognized for it rather than some therapies only lowering the pace of progression. The research gap reveals information on the lack of an automatic non-invasive approach toward the diagnosis of AD, in particular with the help of Virtual Reality (VR) and Artificial Intelligence. Another perspective highlights that current VR studies fail to incorporate a comprehensive range of cognitive tests and consider design notes for elderlies, leading to unreliable results.

Food-based domestic violence and anemia among women in sexual unions in Nigeria: the effect of urbanization.

In 2019, 1.74 billion people worldwide had anemia. In Nigeria, women of reproductive age are the most affected.

Galactic Cosmic Ray Particle Exposure Does Not Increase Protein Levels of Inflammation or Oxidative Stress Markers in Rat Microglial Cells In Vitro.

Astronauts on exploratory missions will be exposed to galactic cosmic rays (GCR), which can induce neuroinflammation and oxidative stress (OS) and may increase the risk of neurodegenerative disease. As key regulators of inflammation and OS in the CNS, microglial cells may be involved in GCR-induced deficits, and therefore could be a target for neuroprotection. This study assessed the effects of exposure to helium (He) and iron (Fe) particles on inflammation and OS in microglia in vitro, to establish a model for testing countermeasure efficacy.

Sex-Specific Mechanisms Underlie Long-Term Potentiation at Hippocampus→Medium Spiny Neuron Synapses in the Medial Shell of the Nucleus Accumbens.

Sex differences have complicated our understanding of the neurobiological basis of many behaviors that are key for survival. As such, continued elucidation of the similarities and differences between sexes is necessary to gain insight into brain function and vulnerability. The connection between the hippocampus (Hipp) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a crucial site where modulation of neuronal activity mediates reward-related behavior.

Electrically Tunable Single Polaritonic Quantum Dot at Room Temperature.

Exciton-polaritons confined in plasmonic cavities are hybridized light-matter quasiparticles, with distinct optical characteristics compared to plasmons and excitons alone. Here, we demonstrate the electric tunability of a single polaritonic quantum dot operating at room temperature in electric-field tip-enhanced strong coupling spectroscopy. For a single quantum dot in the nanoplasmonic tip cavity with variable dc local electric field, we dynamically control the Rabi frequency with the corresponding polariton emission, crossing weak to strong coupling.

Automatic design of gene regulatory mechanisms for spatial pattern formation.

Gene regulatory mechanisms (GRMs) control the formation of spatial and temporal expression patterns that can serve as regulatory signals for the development of complex shapes. Synthetic developmental biology aims to engineer such genetic circuits for understanding and producing desired multicellular spatial patterns. However, designing synthetic GRMs for complex, multi-dimensional spatial patterns is a current challenge due to the nonlinear interactions and feedback loops in genetic circuits.

An automatic glucose monitoring system based on periplasmic binding proteins for online bioprocess monitoring.

Glucose is one of the most vital nutrients in all living organisms, so its monitoring is critical in healthcare and bioprocessing. Enzymatic sensors are more popular as a technology solution to meet the requirement. However, periplasmic binding proteins have been investigated extensively for their high sensitivity, enabling microdialysis sampling to replace existing complex and expensive glucose monitoring solutions based on enzymatic sensors.

Complete genome and characteristics of cluster BC bacteriophage SoJo, isolated using NRRL B-2400 in Columbia, MD.

Here, we present bacteriophage SoJo, a siphovirus infecting , with a circularly permuted genome of 39 kbp and GC content of 71.5%. Its genome length and content are similar to that of other phages in the Actinobacteriophage Database BC cluster.

Facts about hospital-insurer contracting.

Objectives: To use publicly available price transparency data files to establish empirical regularities about hospital-insurer contracting.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of 10 price transparency data files from HCA Healthcare.

Methods: Cross-sectional qualitative analysis of 524 hospital-insurer contracts across 10 hospitals.

Cytosolic 5'-Nucleotidase III and Nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolase 1 Dephosphorylate the Pharmacologically Active Metabolites of Gemcitabine and Emtricitabine.

Gemcitabine (dFdC) and emtricitabine (FTC) are first-line drugs that are used for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and human immunodeficiency virus, respectively. The above drugs must undergo sequential phosphorylation to become pharmacologically active. Interindividual variability associated with the responses of the above drugs has been reported.

Synchronizing beta cells in the pancreas.

The secretion of insulin from the pancreas relies on both gap junctions and subpopulations of beta cells with specific intrinsic properties.

Current models in bacterial hemicellulase-encoding gene regulation.

The discovery and characterization of bacterial carbohydrate-active enzymes is a fundamental component of biotechnology innovation, particularly for renewable fuels and chemicals; however, these studies have increasingly transitioned to exploring the complex regulation required for recalcitrant polysaccharide utilization. This pivot is largely due to the current need to engineer and optimize enzymes for maximal degradation in industrial or biomedical applications. Given the structural simplicity of a single cellulose polymer, and the relatively few enzyme classes required for complete bioconversion, the regulation of cellulases in bacteria has been thoroughly discussed in the literature.

Impact of the patient-centered medical home on consistently high-cost patients.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a statewide multipayer patient-centered medical home (PCMH) demonstration on patients consistently within the highest ranks of health services expenditure across Maryland.

Study Design: Post hoc longitudinal analyses of administrative data on privately insured patients of medical homes that participated in the Maryland Multi-Payer PCMH Program (MMPP), matched for comparison to medical homes in a single-payer PCMH program and to non-PCMH practices.

Methods: Consistently high-cost patients (CHPs) were defined as being in the top statewide quintile of payer expenditure over a 2-year baseline period.

Diversity in emotion regulation strategy use: Resilience against posttraumatic stress disorder.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with impaired emotion regulation (ER). ER diversity, the variety, prevalence, and relative abundance of ER strategy use, may provide resilience against PTSD. This study examined the prospective relation between ER diversity and PTSD, while accounting for negative and positive life events, in interpersonal violence (IPV) survivors.

Exploring the Influence of Health Insurance Plans on Biosimilar Adoption Rates.

Background: We conducted a study to investigate the role of health insurance plans on biosimilar adoption among commercially insured patients in the USA. Flexible and rigid health plans may exhibit differing biosimilar coverage due to variations in cost considerations, formulary design, and provider networks.

Objective: To identify the characteristics of switchers and biosimilar initiators for six biologic-biosimilar pairs.

Simultaneous entry as an adaptation to virulence in a novel satellite-helper system infecting Streptomyces species.

Satellites are mobile genetic elements that are dependent upon the replication machinery of their helper viruses. Bacteriophages have provided many examples of satellite nucleic acids that utilize their helper morphogenic genes for propagation. Here we describe two novel satellite-helper phage systems, Mulch and Flayer, that infect Streptomyces species.

Posttranscriptional modification to the core of tRNAs modulates translational misreading errors.

Protein synthesis on the ribosome involves successive rapid recruitment of cognate aminoacyl-tRNAs and rejection of the much more numerous incorrect near- or non-cognates. The principal feature of translation elongation is that at every step, many incorrect aa-tRNAs unsuccessfully enter the A site for each cognate accepted. Normal levels of translational accuracy require that cognate tRNAs have relatively similar acceptance rates by the ribosome.