Microinjection With Nanoparticles to Deliver Drugs in Prenatal Lung Explants - A Pilot Study for Prenatal Therapy in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.

Background: Fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) improves the survival rate in fetuses with severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). We hypothesize that prenatal therapies into the trachea during FETO can further improve outcomes. Here, we present an ex vivo microinjection technique with rat lung explants to study prenatal therapy with nanoparticles.

Prevalence of Mental Health Disorders in Individuals With Gastrointestinal Congenital Surgical Anomalies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: Studies examining functional outcomes and health-related quality of life for patients with congenital surgical anomalies (CSA) are increasingly common. However, the prevalence of mental health disorders in this population has not been determined. The purpose of this review is to summarize the reported prevalence of mental health disorders in children born with gastrointestinal CSA.

Mental Health Outcomes of Mothers of Children With Congenital Gastrointestinal Anomalies Are Similar to Control Mothers: A Longitudinal Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Mothers of infants born with congenital gastrointestinal surgical anomalies experience a unique caregiving role. Whether these challenges result in more mental health diagnoses than the general population is unknown. This study assessed mental health diagnoses in mothers of children born with congenital surgical anomalies (CSA) compared to mothers of children without CSA.

Educational and mental health outcomes in school-aged children with anorectal malformations: A case-control cohort study.

Purpose: Outcome studies for patients with anorectal malformation (ARM) have focused on fecal incontinence and quality of life, but a comparison of educational outcomes between ARM cases and controls has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to assess real-world educational outcomes, neurodevelopmental disorders and mental health disorders in ARM patients and compare to an age-matched control group.

Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study of children diagnosed with ARM from 1991 to 2017.

Preventing severe necrotizing enterocolitis: Propensity score analysis of interventions associated with surgical NEC or NEC-associated death.

Purpose: To determine what modifiable interventions used in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are associated with severe necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) requiring surgical intervention.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients treated for NEC at a tertiary hospital from 1991 to 2016 was performed. Patient characteristics were used to calculate propensity scores for likelihood of exposure to seven interventions: enteral feeds, use of glucocorticoids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antacids, antibiotics, or umbilical arterial (UAC) and venous catheters (UVC).

Embryology and anatomy of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Prenatal and postnatal treatment modalities for congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) continue to improve, however patients still face high rates of morbidity and mortality caused by severe underlying persistent pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary hypoplasia. Though the majority of CDH cases are idiopathic, it is believed that CDH is a polygenic developmental defect caused by interactions between candidate genes, as well as environmental and epigenetic factors. However, the origin and pathogenesis of these developmental insults are poorly understood.

Congenital lung malformation patients experience respiratory infections after resection: A population-based cohort study.

Purpose: The benefit of elective resection of congenital lung malformations continues to be debated. Proponents of resection endorse a decreased risk of respiratory complications as one indication for surgery. Our study aimed to compare the prevalence of respiratory infections in cases, before and after resection of congenital lung malformations, to controls without a history of congenital lung malformation.

Educational outcomes in school age children with a history of isolated Hirschsprung disease are equivalent to their peers.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess real-world educational outcomes and developmental disorders in patients with a history of Hirschsprung disease compared to an age-matched control group.

Methods: With ethics approval (H2016:014) a retrospective cohort study of all children diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease at a single centre from 1992 to 2017 was performed. A 10:1 date-of-birth matched control cohort was constructed from a population-based directory.

The prevalence of hearing loss in children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: A longitudinal population-based study.

Background: The true prevalence of hearing loss among children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is unknown, with some studies reporting rates up to 60%.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hearing loss among children with CDH and compare it to age-matched controls.

Methods: We used population-based datasets to compare the number of hearing loss diagnoses in children younger than 10 years-of-age born between 1992 and 2009 with CDH to date-of-birth matched controls without CDH.