Hypoxia regulates GR function through multiple mechanisms involving microRNAs 103 and 107.

Glucocorticoids (Gcs) potently inhibit inflammation, and regulate liver energy metabolism, often acting in a hypoxic environment. We now show hypoxic conditions open a specific GR cistrome, and prevent access of GR to part of the normoxic GR cistrome. Motif analysis identified enrichment of KLF4 binding sites beneath those peaks of GR binding exclusive to normoxia, implicating KLF4 as a pioneer, or co-factor under these conditions.

Developmental language disorders and risk of recidivism among young offenders.

Background: Although factors such as adverse family background have been widely examined, little is known about the prevalence or potential impact of developmental language disorder (DLD) on risk of recidivism in young people with history of criminal justice system contact.

Methods: A total of 145 young offenders participated. An adversity score was constructed based on information found in youth justice service records.

Comparative quantitative survey of patient experience in Barrett's oesophagus and other gastrointestinal disorders.

Objective: To assess health-related quality of life in patients with non-dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus (NDBO) and endoscopically treated dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus (DBO).

Design: This quantitative, self-administered questionnaire study was conducted across three National Health Service hospitals. Data were collected from three other cohorts; gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), colonic polyp surveillance and healthy individuals.

Common Functional Ability Score for Young People With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Objective: As young people enter adulthood, the interchangeable use of child and adult outcome measures may inaccurately capture changes over time. This study aimed to use item response theory (IRT) to model a continuous score for functional ability that can be used no matter which questionnaire is completed.

Methods: Adolescents (ages 11-17 years) in the UK Childhood Arthritis Prospective Study (CAPS) self-completed an adolescent Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) and a Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ).

Financial Stress Interacts With Gene to Affect Migraine.

Previous studies suggested that both maladaptive stress response and circadian dysregulation might have a role in the background of migraine. However, effects of circadian genes on migraine have not been tested yet. In the present study, we investigated the main effect of rs10462028 of the circadian locomotor output cycles kaput () gene and its interaction with different stress factors on migraine.

Increased activation of the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex to citalopram challenge in migraine: an fMRI study.

Background: The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a key structure of the pain processing network. Several structural and functional alterations of this brain area have been found in migraine. In addition, altered serotonergic neurotransmission has been repeatedly implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine, although the exact mechanism is not known.

Spatiotemporal brain activation pattern following acute citalopram challenge is dose dependent and associated with neuroticism: A human phMRI study.

Background: The initial effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the human living brain are poorly understood. We carried out a 3T resting state fMRI study with pharmacological challenge to determine the brain activation changes over time following different dosages of citalopram.

Methods: During the study, 7.

Psychological distress and coping following eye removal surgery.

: Psychological distress is reasonably well documented in people with facial disfigurement; however, in patients following eye removal surgery this has not been studied adequately. We hypothesised that lower distress levels would be associated with age and more adaptive coping strategies and that women would be more likely to report higher levels of distress and, therefore, use maladaptive coping strategies.: This exploratory, cross-sectional study measured distress and coping in a sample of 56 post enucleation or evisceration patients.

Circadian Variation of Migraine Attack Onset: A Review of Clinical Studies.

Several studies suggested that migraine attack onset shows a circadian variation; however, there has not been an overview and synthesis of these findings. A PubMed search with keywords "migraine" AND "circadian" resulted in ten studies directly investigating this topic. Results of these studies mostly show that migraine attacks follow a monophasic 24-hour cyclic pattern with an early morning or late night peak while other studies reported an afternoon peak and also a biphasic 24-hour cycle of attacks.

The UKB envirome of depression: from interactions to synergistic effects.

Major depressive disorder is a result of the complex interplay between a large number of environmental and genetic factors but the comprehensive analysis of contributing environmental factors is still an open challenge. The primary aim of this work was to create a Bayesian dependency map of environmental factors of depression, including life stress, social and lifestyle factors, using the UK Biobank data to determine direct dependencies and to characterize mediating or interacting effects of other mental health, metabolic or pain conditions. As a complementary approach, we also investigated the non-linear, synergistic multi-factorial risk of the UKB envirome on depression using deep neural network architectures.

Caveolin1 interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor in the lung but is dispensable for its anti-inflammatory actions in lung inflammation and Trichuris Muris infection.

Glucocorticoids (Gcs) are widely prescribed anti-inflammatory compounds, which act through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Using an unbiased proteomics screen in lung tissue, we identified the membrane protein caveolin -1 (Cav1) as a direct interaction partner of the GR. In Cav1 knockout mice GR transactivates anti-inflammatory genes, including Dusp1, more than in controls.

Multiple adverse outcomes following first discharge from inpatient psychiatric care: a national cohort study.

Background: Discharged psychiatric inpatients are at elevated risk of serious adverse outcomes, but no previous study has comprehensively examined an array of multiple risks in a single cohort.

Methods: We used data from the Danish Civil Registration System to delineate a cohort of all individuals born in Denmark in 1967-2000, who were alive and residing in Denmark on their 15th birthday, and who had been discharged from their first inpatient psychiatric episode at age 15 years or older. Each individual in the discharged cohort was matched on age and sex with 25 comparators without a history of psychiatric admission.

Self-harm and violent criminality linked with parental death during childhood.

Background: Adverse health and social outcomes are known to occur more frequently following parental death during childhood, but evidence is lacking for comparing long-term risks of internalised v. externalised harm.

Methods: This national register-based cohort study consisted of Danish persons born 1970-2000.

Association between migraine frequency and neural response to emotional faces: An fMRI study.

Previous studies have demonstrated that migraine is associated with enhanced perception and altered cerebral processing of sensory stimuli. More recently, it has been suggested that this sensory hypersensitivity might reflect a more general enhanced response to aversive emotional stimuli. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and emotional face stimuli (fearful, happy and sad faces), we compared whole-brain activation between 41 migraine patients without aura in interictal period and 49 healthy controls.

Altered neural activity to monetary reward/loss processing in episodic migraine.

The dysfunctions of the mesolimbic cortical reward circuit have been proposed to contribute to migraine pain. Although supporting empirical evidence was mainly found in connection with primary rewards or in chronic migraine where the pain experience is (almost) constant. Our goal however was to investigate the neural correlates of secondary reward/loss anticipation and consumption using the monetary incentive delay task in 29 episodic migraine patients and 41 headache-free controls.

Barrett's oesophagus: A qualitative study of patient burden, care delivery experience and follow-up needs.

Background: Barrett's oesophagus (BO), a precursor to oesophageal adenocarcinoma, requires long-term endoscopic surveillance. The rising incidence of this chronic disease has implications for service provision and patient burden. Few studies have explored BO patients' personal burden, care delivery experience and participation in health-care delivery decisions.

Education and employment outcomes of young adults with a history of developmental language disorder.

Background: Developmental language disorder (DLD) presents a considerable barrier for young adults to engage in further education and training. Early studies with young adults with DLD revealed poor educational achievement and lack of opportunities to progress in education. More recent studies have provided more positive findings.

Genes Linking Mitochondrial Function, Cognitive Impairment and Depression are Associated with Endophenotypes Serving Precision Medicine.

Mitochondria densely populate cells in central nervous system providing essential energy for neurons and influencing synaptic plasticity. Harm to these organelles can impair cognitive performance through damaged neurotransmission and altered Ca homeostasis. Impaired cognition could be one underlying factor which can characterize major depressive disorder, a huge burden for society marked by depressed mood and anhedonia.