Investigation of breast cancer molecular subtype in a multi-ethnic population using MRI.

Objectives: Accurate subtyping of breast cancer is crucial for its diagnosis, management, and prognostication. This study aimed to determine the association of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) breast features with the molecular subtype and aggressiveness of breast cancer in a multi-ethnic population.

Methods: Treatment-naive patients with invasive breast carcinoma were included in this retrospective study.

Position Statements of the Emerging Trends Committee of the Asian Oceanian Society of Radiology on the Adoption and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence for Radiology.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly gaining recognition in the radiology domain as a greater number of radiologists are becoming AI-literate. However, the adoption and implementation of AI solutions in clinical settings have been slow, with points of contention. A group of AI users comprising mainly clinical radiologists across various Asian countries, including India, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Uzbekistan, formed the working group.

A Radiomics Study: Classification of Breast Lesions by Textural Features from Mammography Images.

This study investigates the feasibility of using texture radiomics features extracted from mammography images to distinguish between benign and malignant breast lesions and to classify benign lesions into different categories and determine the best machine learning (ML) model to perform the tasks. Six hundred and twenty-two breast lesions from 200 retrospective patient data were segmented and analysed. Three hundred fifty radiomics features were extracted using the Standardized Environment for Radiomics Analysis (SERA) library, one of the radiomics implementations endorsed by the Image Biomarker Standardisation Initiative (IBSI).

Shear Wave Elastography: A Review on the Confounding Factors and Their Potential Mitigation in Detecting Chronic Kidney Disease.

Early detection of chronic kidney disease is important to prevent progression of irreversible kidney damage, reducing the need for renal transplantation. Shear wave elastography is ideal as a quantitative imaging modality to detect chronic kidney disease because of its non-invasive nature, low cost and portability, making it highly accessible. However, the complexity of the kidney architecture and its tissue properties give rise to various confounding factors that affect the reliability of shear wave elastography in detecting chronic kidney disease, thus limiting its application to clinical trials.

Diagnostic accuracy of tomosynthesis-guided vacuum assisted breast biopsy of ultrasound occult lesions.

This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of digital breast tomosynthesis-guided vacuum assisted breast biopsy (DBT-VABB) of screening detected suspicious mammographic abnormalities comprising of calcifications, asymmetric densities, architectural distortions and spiculated masses. In this institutionally approved study, a total of 170 (n = 170) DBT-VABB were performed, 153 (90%) were for calcifications, 8 (4.7%) for spiculated mass, 5 (2.

Chest Radiograph (CXR) Manifestations of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Mini-review.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly contagious and has claimed more than one million lives, besides causing hardship and disruptions. The Fleischner Society has recommended chest X-ray (CXR) in detecting cases at high risk of disease progression, for triaging suspected patients with moderate-to-severe illness, and for eliminating false negatives in areas with high pre-test probability or limited resources. Although CXR is less sensitive than real-- time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in detecting mild COVID-19, it is nevertheless useful because of equipment portability, low cost and practicality in serial assessments of disease progression among hospitalized patients.

Shear wave elastography accurately detects chronic changes in renal histopathology.

Aim: Renal biopsy is the gold standard for the histological characterization of chronic kidney disease (CKD), of which renal fibrosis is a dominant component, affecting its stiffness. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between kidney stiffness obtained by shear wave elastography (SWE) and renal histological fibrosis.

Methods: Shear wave elastography assessments were performed in 75 CKD patients who underwent renal biopsy.

Primary Breast Angiosarcoma: Utilisation of Pre-surgical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for Accurate Tumour Characterization and Planning - A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Primary breast angiosarcoma is a rare malignancy with non-specific clinical and radiological findings.

Case Report: A 30-year-old lady presented with left breast pain and lumpiness for over one year. She has had several breast ultrasounds (US) and was treated for acute mastitis and abscess.

Evaluation of automated volumetric breast density software in comparison with visual assessments in an Asian population: A retrospective observational study.

This study aims to compare Quantra, as an automated volumetric breast density (Vbd) tool, with visual assessment according to ACR BI-RADS density categories and to determine its potential usage in clinical practice.Five hundred randomly selected screening and diagnostic mammograms were included in this retrospective study. Three radiologists independently assigned qualitative ACR BI-RADS density categories to the mammograms.

Microstructural Integrity of Peripheral Nerves in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease: An MRI Evaluation Study.

Background: Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is diagnosed through clinical findings and genetic testing. While there are neurophysiological tools and clinical functional scales in CMT, objective disease biomarkers that can facilitate in monitoring disease progression are limited.

Purpose: To investigate the utility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in determining the microstructural integrity of sciatic and peroneal nerves and its correlation with the MRI grading of muscle atrophy severity and clinical function in CMT as determined by the CMT neuropathy score (CMTNS).

Consensus survey on pre-procedural safety practices in radiological examinations: a multicenter study in seven Asian regions.

Objective: To understand the status of pre-procedural safety practices in radiological examinations at radiology residency training institutions in various Asian regions.

Methods: A questionnaire based on the Joint Commission International Accreditation Standards was electronically sent to 3 institutions each in 10 geographical regions across 9 Asian countries. Questions addressing 45 practices were divided into 3 categories.

Eye lens dose of medical personnel involved in fluoroscopy and interventional procedures at a Malaysian Hospital.

Objective: This study measured the radiation exposure of the eye lens of medical personnel performing fluoroscopy and interventional procedures at the Sarawak General Hospital in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. This study was the first in Malaysia to utilise in vivo radiation measurement relatively near the eye lens.

Methods: 41 medical personnel performing 79 procedures were monitored for their eye lens exposure using the NanoDot™ optically-stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLD) taped to the outer canthus of their eyes.

Medical physicists in Malaysia: A national workforce survey 2019.

Objective: Medical physics in Malaysia is still considered a young profession. This workforce survey aims to understand the status, aspirations, motivation and experiences of medical physicists (MPs) in the country. A subsection of this survey also aims to understand the role of women.

Microstructural abnormalities found in uncinate fasciculus and superior cerebellar tracts in children with global developmental delay: a feasibility study.

Aim: To evaluate the microstructural abnormalities of the white matter tracts (WMT) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in children with global developmental delay (GDD).

Materials And Methods: Sixteen children with GDD underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cross-sectional DTI. Formal developmental assessment of all GDD patients was performed using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning.

CHARACTERISATION AND EVALUATION OF AL2O3:C-BASED OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENT DOSEMETER SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSTIC X-RAYS: PERSONAL AND IN VIVO DOSIMETRY.

This study characterises and evaluates an Al2O3:C-based optically stimulated luminescent dosemeter (OSLD) system, commercially known as the nanoDot™ dosemeter and the InLight® microStar reader, for personal and in vivo dose measurements in diagnostic radiology. The system characteristics, such as dose linearity, reader accuracy, reproducibility, batch homogeneity, energy dependence and signal stability, were explored. The suitability of the nanoDot™ dosemeters was evaluated by measuring the depth dose curve, in vivo dose measurement and image perturbation.

Automated plaque classification using computed tomography angiography and Gabor transformations.

Cardiovascular diseases are the primary cause of death globally. These are often associated with atherosclerosis. This inflammation process triggers important variations in the coronary arteries (CA) and can lead to coronary artery disease (CAD).

Stiffness and Anisotropy Effect on Shear Wave Elastography: A Phantom and in Vivo Renal Study.

Tissue elasticity is related to the pathologic state of kidneys and can be measured using shear wave elastography (SWE). However, SWE quantification has not been rigorously validated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of SWE-measured stiffness and the effect of tissue anisotropy on SWE measurements.

Lipid Fraction Derived From MRI In- and Opposed-Phase Sequence as a Novel Biomarker for Predicting Survival Outcome of Glioma.

Rationale And Purpose: Our study evaluated the capability of magnetic resonance imaging in- and opposed-phase (IOP) derived lipid fraction as a novel prognostic biomarker of survival outcome in glioma.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed 46 histologically proven glioma (WHO grades II-IV) patients using standard 3T magnetic resonance imaging brain tumor protocol and IOP sequence. Lipid fraction was derived from the IOP sequence signal-loss ratio.

Personalized administration of contrast medium with high delivery rate in low tube voltage coronary computed tomography angiography.

Background: High delivery rate is an important factor in optimizing contrast medium administration in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). A personalized contrast volume calculation algorithm incorporating high iodine delivery rate (IDR) can reduce total iodine dose (TID) and produce optimal vessel contrast enhancement (VCE) in low tube voltage CCTA. In this study, we developed and validated an algorithm for calculating the volume of contrast medium delivered at a high rate for patients undergoing retrospectively ECG-gated CCTA with low tube voltage protocol.

Comparison of Shear Wave Elastography and Conventional Ultrasound in Assessing Kidney Function as Measured Using Cr-ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid and Tc-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid.

The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of shear wave elastography (SWE) as an indicator of abnormal kidney function defined by radiolabeled glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Fifty-seven patients referred for Cr-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid GFR and Tc-dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy were included. Young's modulus (YM) measured with SWE and kidney length, volume, cortical thickness and parenchymal echogenicity measured with conventional ultrasound were correlated with patients' GFR and renal scintigraphy results.

Quantitative and qualitative comparison of low- and high-cost 3D-printed heart models.

Current visualization techniques of complex congenital heart disease (CHD) are unable to provide comprehensive visualization of the anomalous cardiac anatomy as the medical datasets can essentially only be viewed from a flat, two-dimensional (2D) screen. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has therefore been used to replicate patient-specific hearts in 3D views based on medical imaging datasets. This technique has been shown to have a positive impact on the preoperative planning of corrective surgery, patient-doctor communication, and the learning experience of medical students.