The development of ZnO nanoparticle-embedded graphitic-carbon nitride towards triple-negative breast cancer therapy.

The present study deals with the effects of curcumin-loaded ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in graphitic-carbon nitride (g-CN) sheets for breast cancer cells. The synthesis of these sheets was carried out by a simple co-precipitation method. The physicochemical and thermal properties of the composite sheets were studied using various characterization techniques.

Light-responsive polyurethanes: classification of light-responsive moieties, light-responsive reactions, and their applications.

Stimuli responsiveness has been an attractive feature of smart material design, wherein the chemical and physical properties of the material can be varied in response to small environmental change. Polyurethane (PU), a widely used synthetic polymer can be upgraded into a light-responsive smart polymer by introducing a light-sensitive moiety into the polymer matrix. For instance, azobenzene, spiropyran, and coumarin result in reversible light-induced reactions, while -nitrobenzyl can result in irreversible light-induced reactions.

Naproxen release aspect from boron-doped carbon nanodots as a bifunctional agent in cancer therapy.

In this present study, boron-carbon nanodots were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Boron-carbon nanodots were prepared by varying the concentration ratios of boronic acid and citric acid: 1 : 25, 2 : 1, and 25 : 1, respectively. The precursors were then poured into a Teflon autoclave and heated at 240° for 4 h.

Indoleninyl-substituted pyrimido[1,2-]indazoles a facile condensation reaction.

A new series of pyrimido[1,2-]indazoles bearing indolenine moieties was synthesized through a simple condensation reaction with up to 94% yield. The present method features the versatile formation of a pyrimidine ring with a broad range of substrates, great functional group compatibility and facile synthetic operation. The work offers opportunities in drug development as well as in materials science.

Structure-based discovery and bio-evaluation of a cyclopenta[4,5]thieno[2,3-]pyrimidin-4-one as a phosphodiesterase 10A inhibitor.

Phosphodiesterase10A (PDE10A) is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of several neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, extensive efforts of medicinal chemists have been directed toward developing potent PDE10A inhibitors with minimal side effects. However, PDE10A inhibitors are not approved as a treatment for neurodegenerative disorders, possibly due to the lack of research in this area.

Effect of silver nanospheres and nanowires on human airway smooth muscle cells: role of sulfidation.

: The toxicity of inhaled silver nanoparticles on contractile and pro-inflammatory airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) that control airway calibre is unknown. We explored the oxidative activities and sulfidation processes of the toxic-inflammatory response. : Silver nanospheres (AgNSs) of 20 nm and 50 nm diameter and silver nanowires (AgNWs), short S-AgNWs, 1.

A dopamine electrochemical sensor based on a platinum-silver graphene nanocomposite modified electrode.

A platinum-silver graphene (Pt-Ag/Gr) nanocomposite modified electrode was fabricated for the electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA). Electrochemical studies of the Pt-Ag/Gr nanocomposite towards DA detection were performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The CV analysis showed that Pt-Ag/Gr/GCE had enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards DA oxidation due to the synergistic effects between the platinum-silver nanoparticles and graphene.

Docking and molecular biology studies of -anisidine-appended 1-hydroxy-2-acetonapthanone Schiff base lanthanum(iii) complexes.

A new series of lanthanum(iii) complexes was synthesized using a -anisidine-appended 1-hydroxy-2-acetonapthanone (3) Schiff base and characterized spectroscopic methods. The ligand was synthesized sonication and the crystalline product was characterized using X-ray crystallography. The genotoxicity of the compound was assessed primarily by the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) test and the mammalian chromosome aberration test; in both cases, the samarium complex 5 was found to be non-mutagenic.

Bio-fabrication of pigment-capped silver nanoparticles encountering antibiotic-resistant strains and their cytotoxic effect towards human epidermoid larynx carcinoma (HEp-2) cells.

Bacterial biomolecule-mediated nanoparticle (NP) synthesis constitutes a reliable, eco-friendly approach that ameliorates green-chemistry principles. In this study, stable silver nanoparticles were synthesized by exposing aqueous silver ions to an extracellular diffusible pigment produced by (PA6) under optimized laboratory conditions. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses showed the typical characteristics of silver with an average size of ∼28.

Tailoring the morphological features of sol-gel synthesized mesoporous hydroxyapatite using fatty acids as an organic modifier.

Nowadays, owing to their large surface area, enhanced pore volume, increased porosity, and variable pore size, mesoporous materials, such as mesoporous silica and mesoporous carbon, have attracted significant attention in the areas of physical science and biomedical sciences. Due to their compositional and biological similarities to natural tissues, synthetic nanoscaled mesoporous hydroxyapatite (MPHA) nanoparticles possess good biocompatibility, bioactivity, and osteoconductivity and have recently expanded their applicability in a wide range of fields such as in tissue replacement, drug/gene delivery carriers, and biocompatible coatings. In this study, we defined a novel route to synthesize mesoporous hydroxyapatite nanoparticles by the sol-gel method in the presence of stearic acid (SA), a biocompatible medium chain fatty acid that would function as an organic modifier.

Genetic polymorphisms in the androgen metabolism pathway and risk of prostate cancer in low incidence Malaysian ethnic groups.

Androgens are involved in prostate cancer (PCa) cell growth. Genes involved in androgen metabolism mediate key steps in sex steroid metabolism. This study attempted to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the androgen metabolism pathway are associated with PCa risk in low incidence Asian ethnic groups.

Evaluation of antibacterial properties of triorganotin carboxylates containing functionalised ester groups in tests against some pathogenic bacteria.

Bacterial screening employing the agar diffusion test on triphenyltin carboxylates containing various functional residues in the ester moiety revealed appreciable differences in their activities relative to triphenyltin acetate. Among these, [3-(Diethylphosphono)propionato] triphenyltin (1) and [N-cyclohexylcarbamoyl) glycinato] triphenyltin displayed activities comparable to tri-n-butyltin cinnamate (2) towards both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; the latter compound was the most active among the eleven triorganotin compounds tested, which included cyclopentyldiphenyltin hydroxide (3) and its methacrylate derivative. Applying the more quantitative plate count and optical density tests on compounds 1-3, it was shown that their inhibitory activity ranked in the order 2 > 3 >1.

High In-Vitro Antitumour Activity of Triphenyltin Coumarin 3-Carboxylate and its Coordination Complexes With Monodentate Oxygen Donor Ligands Against the Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)-DNA Positive Raji and the P-388 Murine Leukaemia Cell Lines, and Evidence for the Suppression by Organotin of the Early Antigen Complex in the EBV Lytic Cycle.

Triphenyltin coumarin-3-carboxylate and its coordination complexes with ethanol, triphenylphosphine oxide, triphenylarsine oxide, diphenylcyclopropenone and quinoline N-oxide exhibited high in vitro cytotoxicity (LC(50) values in the range 0.25-3.4 mug/mL) when tested against EBV-DNA positive Raji cells and P-388 leukaemia cells, compared to the standard drug 5-Fluorouracil, which showed LC(50) values of 11 and >50 mug/mL, respectively, against these cells.

Molecular characterization of genes encoding the quinolone resistance determining regions of Malaysian Streptococcus pneumoniae strains.

Genes encoding the quinolones resistance determining regions (QRDRs) in Streptococcus pneumoniae were detected by PCR and the sequence analysis was carried out to identify point mutations within these regions. The study was carried out to observe mutation patterns among S. pneumoniae strains in Malaysia.