Escaping introns in COI through cDNA barcoding of mushrooms: as a test case.

DNA barcoding involves the use of one or more short, standardized DNA fragments for the rapid identification of species. A 648-bp segment near the 5' terminus of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene has been adopted as the universal DNA barcode for members of the animal kingdom, but its utility in mushrooms is complicated by the frequent occurrence of large introns. As a consequence, ITS has been adopted as the standard DNA barcode marker for mushrooms despite several shortcomings.

Dose-Response Effect of Tualang Honey on Postprandial Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress in Female Athletes: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: Tualang honey (TH) contains antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, phenolic acids, and flavonoids that may be protective against oxidative stress of exercise. The aim of this study was to examine the postprandial antioxidant activity and oxidative stress after ingestion of high and low dosages of TH in female athletes.

Materials And Methods: Twenty female athletes (aged 21.

Cloning and Characterization of the Autoinducer Synthase Gene from Lipid-Degrading Bacterium .

The process of intercellular communication among bacteria, termed quorum sensing (QS), is mediated by small diffusible molecules known as the autoinducers. QS allows the population to react to the change of cell density in unison, in processes such as biofilm formation, plasmid conjugation, virulence, motility and root nodulation. In Gram-negative proteobacteria, -acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) is the common "language" to coordinate gene expression.

Antiproliferative and Apoptosis Inducing Effect of Bulb Extract on Breast, Cervical, and Liver Cancer Cells.

Natural products are considered potent sources for novel drug discovery and development. The multiple therapeutic effects of natural compounds in traditional medicine motivate us to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of bulb of in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231, HeLa and HepG2 cell lines. The bulb methanol extract of was found to be an active cell proliferation inhibitor at the time and dose dependent manner.

Targeting Membrane Lipid a Potential Cancer Cure?

Cancer mortality and morbidity is projected to increase significantly over the next few decades. Current chemotherapeutic strategies have significant limitations, and there is great interest in seeking novel therapies which are capable of specifically targeting cancer cells. Given that fundamental differences exist between the cellular membranes of healthy cells and tumor cells, novel therapies based on targeting membrane lipids in cancer cells is a promising approach that deserves attention in the field of anticancer drug development.

The Potential of as Biocontrol Agents against the Rice Blast Fungus, ().

Rice is a staple food source for more than three billion people worldwide. However, rice is vulnerable to diseases, the most destructive among them being rice blast, which is caused by the fungus (anamorph ). This fungus attacks rice plants at all stages of development, causing annual losses of approximately 10-30% in various rice producing regions.

The Effectiveness and Safety of Topical Capsaicin in Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

In particular, neuropathic pain is a major form of chronic pain. This type of pain results from dysfunction or lesions in the central and peripheral nervous system. Capsaicin has been traditionally utilized as a medicine to remedy pain.

Survival and Intra-Nuclear Trafficking of Burkholderia pseudomallei: Strategies of Evasion from Immune Surveillance?

Background: During infection, successful bacterial clearance is achieved via the host immune system acting in conjunction with appropriate antibiotic therapy. However, it still remains a tip of the iceberg as to where persistent pathogens namely, Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei) reside/hide to escape from host immune sensors and antimicrobial pressure.

Molecular and Proteomic Analysis of Levofloxacin and Metronidazole Resistant .

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria incurs fitness cost, but compensatory mechanisms may ameliorate the cost and sustain the resistance even under antibiotics-free conditions. The aim of this study was to determine compensatory mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in . Five strains of levofloxacin-sensitive were induced to develop resistance.

Golden Needle Mushroom: A Culinary Medicine with Evidenced-Based Biological Activities and Health Promoting Properties.

(enoki, velvet shank, golden needle mushroom or winter mushroom), one of the main edible mushrooms on the market, has long been recognized for its nutritional value and delicious taste. In recent decades, research has expanded beyond detailing its nutritional composition and delved into the biological activities and potential health benefits of its constituents. Many bioactive constituents from a range of families have been isolated from different parts of the mushroom, including carbohydrates, protein, lipids, glycoproteins, phenols, and sesquiterpenes.

Leaf Extract Exhibits Antipsychotic-Like Effect with the Potential to Alleviate Positive and Negative Symptoms of Psychosis in Mice.

In this study, we investigated the antipsychotic-like effect of methanolic extract of leaf (MMS) using and studies. studies comprised of apomorphine-induced climbing behavior, haloperidol-induced catalepsy, and ketamine-induced social withdrawal tests in mice whereas the study was conducted utilizing isolated rat vas deferens preparation. Acute oral administration of MMS (50-500 mg/kg) showed an inverted bell-shaped dose-response in apomorphine-induced cage climbing behavior in mice.

Immune Responses to Influenza Virus and Its Correlation to Age and Inherited Factors.

Influenza viruses belong to the family Orthomyxoviridae of enveloped viruses and are an important cause of respiratory infections worldwide. The influenza virus is able to infect a wide variety species as diverse as poultry, marine, pigs, horses, and humans. Upon infection with influenza virus the innate immunity plays a critical role in efficient and rapid control of viral infections as well as in adaptive immunity initiation.

Cellular and Molecular Responses to Mechanical Expansion of Tissue.

The increased use of tissue expander in the past decades and its potential market values in near future give enough reasons to sum up the consequences of tissue expansion. Furthermore, the patients have the right to know underlying mechanisms of adaptation of inserted biomimetic, its bioinspired materials and probable complications. The mechanical strains during tissue expansion are related to several biological phenomena.

Extractive disruption process integration using ultrasonication and an aqueous two-phase system for protein recovery from .

Microalgae emerge as the most promising protein sources for aquaculture industry. However, the commercial proteins production at low cost remains a challenge. The process of harnessing microalgal proteins involves several steps such as cell disruption, isolation and extraction.

overcomes natural immunity in repeated infections.

Repeated experimental reinfection of two subjects indicates that infection does not promote an immune response protective against future reinfection. Our results highlight the importance of preventing reinfection after eradication, through public health initiatives, and possibly treatment of family members. They indicate difficulties for vaccine development, especially therapeutic vaccines.

Characterization and Comparative Overview of Complete Sequences of the First Plasmids of across Clinical and Non-clinical Strains.

To date, information on plasmid analysis in spp. is scarce. To address the gap of knowledge on this, the complete sequences of eight plasmids from spp.

Rhizoma Coptidis: A Potential Cardiovascular Protective Agent.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in both the developed and developing world. Rhizoma coptidis (RC), known as Huang Lian in China, is the dried rhizome of medicinal plants from the family Ranunculaceae, such as Franch, C.Y.

A porous medium-chain-length poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates)/hydroxyapatite composite as scaffold for bone tissue engineering.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are hydrophobic biopolymers with huge potential for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, excellent mechanical properties and biodegradability. A porous composite scaffold made of medium-chain-length poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (mcl-PHA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) was fabricated using particulate leaching technique and NaCl as a porogen. Different percentages of HA loading was investigated that would support the growth of osteoblast cells.

Methanolic Extract of L. (Noni) Unripe Fruit Attenuates Ethanol-Induced Conditioned Place Preferences in Mice.

Phytotherapy is an emerging field successfully utilized to treat various chronic diseases including alcohol dependence. In the present study, we examined the effect of the standardized methanolic extract of Linn. unripe fruit (MMC), on compulsive ethanol-seeking behavior using the mouse conditioned place preference (CPP) test.

Proteomics Analysis Revealed that Crosstalk between and May Enhance Bacterial Survival and Reduces Carcinogenesis.

is the dominant species of the human gastric microbiota and is present in the stomach of more than half of the human population worldwide. Colonization by causes persistent inflammatory response and -induced gastritis is the strongest singular risk factor for the development of gastric adenocarcinoma. However, only a small proportion of infected individuals develop malignancy.

Review of clinical studies of perampanel in adolescent patients.

Aim: To assess the clinical trial and real-world data for adjunctive perampanel in adolescents and develop consensus recommendations to guide the use of perampanel in this population in clinical practice.

Methods: In May 2015, 15 epilepsy experts attended a Consensus Development Meeting to assess the clinical trial data for perampanel, specific to the adolescent age group (12-17 years) and develop consensus treatment recommendations.

Results And Discussion: Analysis of the adolescent subgroup data of three pivotal placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 trials investigating perampanel in patients with ongoing focal epileptic seizures despite receiving one to three antiepileptic drugs found that perampanel 4-12 mg was superior to placebo.

New Paradigms for Virus Detection, Surveillance and Control of Zika Virus Vectors in the Settings of Southeast Asia.

Zika virus (ZIKV) has now become a global public health concern. The vectors for ZIKV are Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus.