Methods of the 2020 (Wave 1) International Tobacco Control (ITC) Malaysia survey.

The ITC Malaysia Project is part of the 31-country ITC Project, of which the central objective is to evaluate the impact of tobacco control policies of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). This article describes the methods used in the 2020 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Malaysia (MYS1) Survey. Adult smokers and non-smokers aged ≥18 years in Malaysia were recruited by a commercial survey firm from its online panel.

Differential proteome and functional analysis of NSCLC cell lines in response to Tualang honey treatment.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Honey's therapeutic and nutrition effects have been discovered for centuries. Traditionally, it is applied as a health supplement as well as an alternative treatment for a variety of medical issues ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy. Tualang honey (TH) is a natural sweet substance produced by Apis dorsata, naturally has a dark brown appearance from its high polyphenolic compounds.

Who Are More Likely to Have Quit Intentions among Malaysian Adult Smokers? Findings from the 2020 ITC Malaysia Survey.

Increasing quitting among smokers is essential to reduce the population burden of smoking-related diseases. Smokers' intentions to quit smoking are among the strongest predictors of future quit attempts. It is therefore important to understand factors associated with intentions to quit, and this is particularly important in low- and middle-income countries, where there have been few studies on quit intentions.

Comorbidity of Mental Disorder in Patients with Chronic Disease: A Comparative Study of Heroin Dependence Patients and Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

Background: Chronic patients are at greater risk for a psychiatric problem than the normal population; yet, the increased rate of mental disorder among one chronic patient compared to another chronic patient is uncertain. We aimed to assess the rate of mental disorder among people with heroin dependence and diabetes mellitus in comparison with the healthy population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 2017-2020.

Application of Proteomics in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Biomarker Investigations: A Review.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis is usually detected at the advanced stage of the disease. The only US Food and Drug Administration-approved biomarker that is available for PDAC, CA 19-9, is most useful in monitoring treatment response among PDAC patients rather than for early detection. Moreover, when CA 19-9 is solely used for diagnostic purposes, it has only a recorded sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 82% in symptomatic individuals.

Efficacy of bakuchiol-garlic combination against virulent genes of C.

Background: Polymicrobial biofilms are notorious for causing intraoral tissue destruction. and , commensals of oral cavities, have been found co-existing with in resistant oral infections. There is an urgent need to find alternative treatment options.

Multifunctional applications of natural polysaccharide starch and cellulose: An update on recent advances.

The emergence of clinical complications and therapeutic challenges for treating various diseases necessitate the discovery of novel restorative functional materials. Polymer-based drug delivery systems have been extensively reported in the last two decades. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the progression of natural biopolymers based controlled therapeutic strategies, especially in drug delivery and tissue engineering applications.

Prevalence of common mental health issues among migrant workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Previous literature has shown that migrant workers manifested higher common mental issues (especially depressive symptom) compared to local workers due to stressors such as financial constraint and lack of access to healthcare. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the current body of evidence for the prevalence of depression and anxiety among migrant workers as well as exploring the risk factors and the availability of social support for migrant workers. Seven electronic databases, grey literature and Google Scholar were searched for studies from 2015 to 2021 related to mental health, social support and migrant workers.

Progress in Electrochemical Sensing of Heavy Metals Based on Amino Acids and Its Composites.

A detailed overview toward the advancement of amino acid-based electrochemical sensors on the detection of heavy metals is presented. Discussion is focused on the unique properties of various amino acids (AAs) and its composites which allow them being employed in a diverse range of sensing platforms. Formation of metal-ligand complexes in between metal ions and different AAs has been discussed.

Simultaneous Extraction of Sulfur and Nitrogen Compounds from Model Diesel Fuel Using Neoteric Green Solvents.

Removal of nitrogen and sulfur compounds from diesel fuel is essential to comply with the increasing stringent regulations. The extraction capability of two deep eutectic solvents, namely, tetrabutylphosphoniumbromide/ethylene glycol, TBPBr/EG, with molar ratio 1:2, and tetrabutylammoniumbromide/ethylene glycol, TBABr/EG, with molar ratio 1:2, in simultaneously extracting basic nitrogen, nonbasic nitrogen, and sulfur compounds represented by pyridine, indoline, and dibenzothiophene (DBT) from -hexadecane, was investigated. Two pseudo-ternary phase diagrams of (TBPBr/EG + (pyridine + indoline + DBT) + -hexadecane) and (TBABr/EG + (pyridine + indoline + DBT) + -hexadecane) were predicted via a conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) and experimentally validated at 298.

A systematic review of group therapy programs for smoking cessation in Asian countries.

Introduction: Tobacco causes more than 8 million deaths each year. Behavioral interventions such as group therapy, which provides counselling for smoking cessation, can be delivered in group form and smokers who receive cessation counselling are more likely to quit smoking compared to no assistance. We review the evidence of group-based counselling for smoking cessation for smokers in Asian countries.

Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects and Identification of Bioactive Proteins Using Shotgun Proteomic Analysis.

Research Background: a highly valued medicinal fungus, is close to extinction due to overexploitation. Successful cultivation of fruiting body (OCS02®) shows that the cultivar has a promising nutritional value and numerous bioactive compounds. Antioxidant and antiproliferative properties and biologically active proteins of the OCS02® are investigated for possible development into nutraceuticals.

Clinical Study on Plant Galactagogue Worldwide in Promoting Women's Lactation: a Scoping Review.

Human milk is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the general well-being of infants. However, many mothers face an insufficient milk supply to breastfeed their children. Galactagogue, in particular, plant galactagogue, serves as a method to promote lactation.

Melatonin improves cognitive behavior, oxidative stress, and metabolism in tumor-prone lethal giant larvae mutant of Drosophila melanogaster.

Mutant lethal giant larvae (lgl) flies (Drosophila melanogaster) are known to develop epithelial tumors with invasive characteristics. The present study has been conducted to investigate the influence of melatonin (0.025 mM) on behavioral responses of lgl mutant flies as well as on biochemical indices (redox homeostasis, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, transaminases, and minerals) in hemolymph, and head and intestinal tissues.

Random forests for predicting species identity of forensically important blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) using geometric morphometric data: Proof of concept.

Wing shape variation has been shown to be useful for delineating forensically important fly species in two Diptera families: Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae. Compared to DNA-based identification, the cost of geometric morphometric data acquisition and analysis is relatively much lower because the tools required are basic, and stable softwares are available. However, to date, an explicit demonstration of using wing geometric morphometric data for species identity prediction in these two families remains lacking.

Immunomodulatory Properties of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides Extracted from the Fruiting Body of Chinese Caterpillar Mushroom, Ophiocordyceps sinensis Cultivar OCS02® (Ascomycetes).

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (=Cordyceps sinensis) has been known for its various medicinal properties, in particular immunomodulatory activities associated with its polysaccharides. In this study, the fruiting body of O. sinensis cultivar OCS02® was investigated for its chemical composition and monosaccharide profile.

The Immunomodulating Properties of Tiger Milk Medicinal Mushroom, Lignosus rhinocerus TM02® Cultivar (Agaricomycetes) and Its Associated Carbohydrate Composition.

Natural compounds found in Lignosus rhinocerus like polysaccharides and polysaccharide-protein complexes have the capabilities to modulate the immune system. It possesses antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties and is commonly used in Southeast Asia and Southern China to alleviate illness. To investigate its immunomodulating properties, composition of polysaccharides and the expression of cytokines/chemokines from L.

Mechanistic insights into carbon dioxide utilization by superoxide ion generated electrochemically in ionic liquid electrolyte.

Understanding the reaction mechanism that controls the one-electron electrochemical reduction of oxygen is essential for sustainable use of the superoxide ion (O2˙-) during CO2 conversion. Here, stable generation of O2˙- in butyltrimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [BMAmm+][TFSI-] ionic liquid (IL) was first detected at -0.823 V vs.

The impact of curcumin-graphene based nanoformulation on cellular interaction and redox-activated apoptosis: An colon cancer study.

Natural plants derivatives have gained enormous merits in cancer therapy applications upon formulation with nanomaterials. Curcumin, as a popular research focus has acquired such improvements surpassing its disadvantageous low bioavailability. To this point, the available research data had confirmed the importance of nanomaterial type in orienting cellular response and provoking different toxicological and death mechanisms that may range from physical membrane damage to intracellular changes.

Performance of -Toluenesulfonic Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent in Denitrogenation: Computational Screening and Experimental Validation.

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are green solvents developed as an alternative to conventional organic solvents and ionic liquids to extract nitrogen compounds from fuel oil. DESs based on -toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) are a new solvent class still under investigation for extraction/separation. This study investigated a new DES formed from a combination of tetrabutylphosphonium bromide (TBPBr) and PTSA at a 1:1 molar ratio.

Telomerase reverse transcriptase downregulation by RNA interference modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial energy production.

Telomerase is a cancer promoting ribonucleoprotein complex and is a potential therapeutic target for cancer. In this study, the effects of telomerase downregulation on the whole cell proteome were investigated. Understanding how the effect of downregulation on the whole proteome profile will generate a greater understanding of the possible roles played by telomerase in cancer.

Simulation of Deep Eutectic Solvents' Interaction with Membranes of Cancer Cells Using COSMO-RS.

Deep eutectic solvent (DES) affinities with cellular membranes structures dictate the degree of cytotoxicity that results from these interactions. The physicochemical properties of choline chloride (ChCl)-DESs suggest non-negligible cytotoxicities that were attested by published researches. In this study, the profiles of novel ,-diethylammonium chloride (DAC)-based-deep eutectic solvents (DESs) prepared with various hydrogen bond donors (urea, glycerol, ethylene glycol, malonic acid, and zinc chloride) were compared to those of ChCl-DESs by using HelaS3, AGS, MCF-7, and WRL-68 cancer cell lines.