A meta-analysis of eHealth interventions to promote physical activity in young, middle-aged, and late middle-aged adults with obesity or overweight.

The purpose of this study was to calculate the effects of recent eHealth interventions to promote physical activity in young, middle-aged, and late middle-aged adults with obesity or overweight. This meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. In the search, 3550 articles were identified, and 15 studies met all inclusion criteria.

Benign or Malignant? Ex Vivo Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy for Bedside Histological Assessment of Melanocytic Lesions.

Objective: Ex vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy (EVCM) is an emerging imaging technique, which offers rapid tissue examination. While the current literature shows promising results in the evaluation of non-melanoma skin cancer, only limited research exists on the application of EVCM in melanocytic lesions. This study aimed to assess the utility of EVCM in the characterization of melanocytic lesions and compare its findings with gold-standard histopathology.

Prioritizing Context-Dependent Cancer Gene Signatures in Networks.

There are numerous ways of portraying cancer complexity based on combining multiple types of data. A common approach involves developing signatures from gene expression profiles to highlight a few key reproducible features that provide insight into cancer risk, progression, or recurrence. Normally, a selection of such features is made through relevance or significance, given a reference context.

Assessing the physical activity training needs and preferences of community health workers in South Africa.

Background: Emerging work highlights the potential of community health workers (CHWs) to promote physical activity (PA) as a part of their role in preventing and managing non-communicable diseases. However, little is known about CHW preferences and desires towards receiving PA training.

Methods: Community health promoters (CHPs), a type of CHWs in South Africa, from seven health districts in Johannesburg participated in a day-long in-service training on PA and healthy eating.

Presentation and Management of Silicone Lymphadenopathy: A Single Institutional Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Silicone Lymphadenopathy (SL) is a complication of breast implants that involves migration of silicone to nearby soft tissue/lymph nodes. Data on its clinical features and management is scarce. We aimed to identify the clinical presentation and management of SL.

Does extending the body contour into air enhance surface dose calculation accuracy?

Purpose: In radiotherapy treatment planning systems, modelling of superficial dose may be aided by a body contour that is, by default, placed at the outermost air-tissue interface. Here we investigate the accuracy of superficial dose calculated using either the default body contour (DBC) or an extended body contour (EBC) compared to radiochromic film measurements made on a slab phantom and an anthropomorphic phantom.

Methods: Depth dose curves in the superficial region of the slab phantom were measured using stacked radiochromic films and irradiated using static beams delivered from varying incident angles.

From responsibility to responsibilization in stem cell research: An ethical framework.

Adopting a responsibilization approach can further improve the ethical conduct of stem cell (SC) research and applications. This approach helps align new and existing solutions for ethical implications by focusing on equipping SC researchers with the knowledge, skills, and organizational arrangements to take (co-)responsibility for the socio-ethical implications of their research.

Back to Basics: The Utility of History and Physical in the Workup of Geriatric Ground-Level Falls.

Introduction: Falls account for nearly ¾ of all trauma in the geriatric population. We hypothesized that history and physical could reliably identify elderly patients with ground-level falls (GLF) who require head and cervical spine imaging.

Materials And Methods: Patients of age >65 y with GLF from January, 2018 to December, 2021 at a level 1 trauma center were retrospectively reviewed.

Awake, endoscopic lumbar interbody spinal fusion: 10 years of experience with the first 400 cases.

Objective: Awake, endoscopic spinal fusion has been utilized as an ultra-minimally invasive surgery technique to accomplish the goals of spinal fixation, fusion, and disc height restoration. While many techniques exist for this approach, this series represents a single institution's experience with a large cohort and the evolution of this method.

Methods: The medical records of a consecutive series of 400 patients treated over a 10-year period were retrospectively reviewed.

Patient-reported outcome trajectories the first 24 months after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a Quality Outcomes Database study.

Objective: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) shows varying levels of improvement after surgical treatment. While some patients improve soon after surgery, others may take months to years to show any signs of improvement. The goal of this study was to evaluate postoperative improvement, patient-reported outcomes, and patient satisfaction up to 2 years after surgical treatment for CSM, which will help optimize the current treatment strategies and effectively manage patient expectations.

The impact of lower thoracic versus upper lumbar upper instrumented vertebra in minimally invasive correction of adult spinal deformity.

Objective: The goal of this study was to compare the impact of using a lower thoracic (LT) versus upper lumbar (UL) level as the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) on clinical and radiographic outcomes following minimally invasive surgery for adult spinal deformity.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective study design was used. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years, and one of the following: coronal Cobb angle > 20°, sagittal vertical axis > 50 mm, pelvic tilt > 20°, pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch > 10°.

Adult and pediatric orbital rhabdomyosarcoma: comparison of characteristics and outcomes.

Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a common pediatric orbital malignancy but is extremely rare in adults. This study assesses clinical and radiographic features, management, and outcomes in adult orbital RMS patients with comparison to pediatric patients.

Methods: A retrospective chart review from 2000-2023 at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute was conducted evaluating patients aged 0 to 100-years-old with biopsy-confirmed orbital RMS.

L-type Calcium Channel Blockade Worsens Glucose Tolerance and β-Cell Function in C57BL6/J Mice Exposed to Intermittent Hypoxia.

Intermittent hypoxemia (IH), a pathophysiologic consequence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), adversely affects insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and glucose tolerance. Nifedipine, an L-type calcium channel blocker frequently used for treatment of hypertension, can also impair insulin sensitivity and secretion. However, the cumulative and interactive repercussions of IH and nifedipine on glucose homeostasis have not been previously investigated.

Controlled Nutrient Delivery to Pancreatic Islets Using Polydopamine-Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles.

In this study, we designed a nanoscale platform for sustained amino acid delivery to support transplanted pancreatic islets. The platform features mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) loaded with glutamine (G), an essential amino acid required for islet survival and function, and coated with polydopamine (PD). We investigated various PD concentrations (0.

"Due to These Restrictions, Girls Think of Themselves as Nothing": A Qualitative and Quantitative Description of Menstrual Restrictions and Stigma Among Adolescent Girls Across Religious and Other Sociocultural Contexts.

Introduction: Girls in Tanzania often experience menstrual restrictions (i.e., expectations about behaviors prohibited during menstruation) and menstrual stigma (i.

Hypermethylation of Is Associated With Carotid Bifurcation Intima-Media Thickness in Dominican Republic Families.

Background: Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is a measure of atherosclerosis and a predictor of vascular diseases. Traditional vascular risk factors and genetic variants do not completely explain the variation in carotid IMT. We sought to identify epigenetic factors that may contribute to the remaining carotid IMT variability.

Late corneal guttae recurrence in bilateral penetrating keratoplasty grafts.

Background: To describe a case of guttae recurrence in bilateral corneal grafts in a patient with a known diagnosis of Fuchs endothelial dystrophy, more than three decades following penetrating keratoplasty.

Methods: Case Report.

Results: A 79-year-old White woman presented with declining vision, right eye worse than the left.

The P200 ERP Response in Mild Cognitive Impairment and the Aging Population.

Evoked potential metrics extracted from an EEG exam can provide novel sources of information regarding brain function. While the P300 occurring around 300 ms post-stimulus has been extensively investigated in relation to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), with decreased amplitude and increased latency, the P200 response has not, particularly in an oddball-stimulus paradigm. This study compares the auditory P200 amplitudes between MCI (28 patients aged 74(8)) and non-MCI, (35 aged 72(4)).

Metamorphic Proteins to Achieve Conformationally Selective Material Surface Binding.

The controlled binding of proteins on nanoparticle surfaces remains a grand challenge required for many applications ranging from biomedical to energy storage. The difficulty in achieving this ability arises from the different functional groups of the biomolecule that can adsorb on the nanoparticle surface. While most proteins can only adopt a single structure, metamorphic proteins can access at least two different conformations, which presents intriguing opportunities to exploit such structural variations for binding to nanoparticles.

The Role of Myeloid Cells on the Development of Hepatic Metastases in Gastrointestinal Cancer.

The development of hepatic metastases is the leading cause of mortality in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers and substantial research efforts have been focused on elucidating the intricate mechanisms by which tumor cells successfully migrate to, invade, and ultimately colonize the liver parenchyma. Recent evidence has shown that perturbations in myeloid biology occur early in cancer development, characterized by the initial expansion of specific innate immune populations that promote tumor growth and facilitate metastases. This review summarizes the pathophysiology underlying the proliferation of myeloid cells that occurs with incipient neoplasia and explores the role of innate immune-host interactions, specifically granulocytes and neutrophil extracellular traps, in promoting hepatic colonization by tumor cells through the formation of the "premetastatic niche".

The uv1 neuroendocrine cells provide mechanosensory feedback of vulval opening.

Neuroendocrine cells react to physical, chemical, and synaptic signals originating from tissues and the nervous system, releasing hormones that regulate various body functions beyond the synapse. Neuroendocrine cells are often embedded in complex tissues making direct tests of their activation mechanisms and signaling effects difficult to study. In the nematode worm , four uterine-vulval (uv1) neuroendocrine cells sit above the vulval canal next to the egg-laying circuit, releasing tyramine and neuropeptides that feedback to inhibit egg laying.