Barriers and facilitators to healthcare utilisation by Arab sexual minority women migrants in the USA.

Limited research on sexual minority women migrants demonstrate that they face elevated rates of mental health problems compared to their heterosexual and male counterparts, and less is known about their healthcare seeking behaviours. This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to mental and physical healthcare utilisation among first-generation (foreign-born) Arab sexual minority women migrants in the USA and to assess whether Penchansky and Thomas' theory of access can be used to understand their healthcare utilisation behaviours. We conducted 20 semi-structured interviews Zoom.

The impact of low pressure pneumoperitoneum in robotic assisted radical prostatectomy II: a prospective, randomized, double blinded trial.

Objective: To analyze postoperative ileus rates and postoperative complications between the different pneumoperitoneum settings. The secondary objective was to evaluate narcotic use and intraoperative blood loss between the different pneumoperitoneum settings.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, double blinded study was conducted at pneumoperitoneum pressures of either 12 mmHg or 15 mmHg for patients undergoing robotic assisted radical prostatectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection by a single high volume surgeon.

From static web to metaverse: reinventing medical education in the post-pandemic era.

The World Wide Web and the advancement of computer technology in the 1960s and 1990s respectively set the ground for a substantial and simultaneous change in many facets of our life, including medicine, health care, and medical education. The traditional didactic approach has shifted towards more dynamic and interactive methods, leveraging technologies such as simulation tools, virtual reality, and online platforms. At the forefront is the remarkable evolution that has revolutionized how medical knowledge is accessed, disseminated, and integrated into pedagogical practices.

A qualitative community health assessment of HIV prevention awareness in a semi-rural Latinx seasonal farm working community in South Florida.

This article explores HIV awareness and prevention in a Latinx seasonal farmworker community of south Miami-Dade County in the USA. The study took place as part of a larger community assessment that aimed to determine community needs and resources related to substance abuse, violence and HIV in the Latinx seasonal farmworker communities of south Miami-Dade County, with a particular focus on fathers' and their male sons' relationships. The study collected data on HIV knowledge and prevention, healthcare-seeking behaviours, cultural norms, and communication barriers about HIV prevention between fathers and sons.

Aberration correction in abdominal histotripsy.

In transabdominal histotripsy, ultrasound pulses are focused on the body to noninvasively destroy soft tissues cavitation. However, the ability to focus is limited by phase aberration, or decorrelation of the ultrasound pulses due to spatial variation in the speed of sound throughout heterogeneous tissue. Phase aberration shifts, broadens, and weakens the focus, thereby reducing the safety and efficacy of histotripsy therapy.

Transcranial histotripsy parameter study in primary and metastatic murine brain tumor models.

Objective: This study investigated the effect of various histotripsy dosages on tumor cell kill and associated bleeding in two murine brain tumor models (glioma [Gl261] and lung metastasis [LL/2-Luc2]).

Methods And Materials: GL261 or LL/2-Luc2 cells were cultured and implanted into the brains of C57BL/6 mice. Histotripsy (1-cycle pulses, 5 Hz PRF, 30 MPa-P) was performed using a 1 MHz transducer for five different dosages for each cell line: 5, 20 or 200 pulses per location (PPL) at a single treatment point, or 5 or 10-20 PPL at multiple treatment points.

A perspective on a precision approach to pain in cancer; moving beyond opioid therapy.

Purpose: Cancer-related pain is primarily treated with opioids which while effective can add significant patient burden due to side effects, associated stigma, and timely access. The purpose of this perspective discussion is to argue for a precision approach to pain in cancer based on a biopsychosocial and spiritual model which we argue can offer a higher quality of life while limiting opioid use.

Conclusions: Pain in cancer represents a heterogenous process with multiple contributing and modulating factors.

A primer on rectal MRI in patients on watch-and-wait treatment for rectal cancer.

Total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) for rectal cancer is becoming an accepted treatment paradigm and is changing the landscape of this disease, wherein up to 50% of patients who undergo TNT are able to avoid surgery. This places new demands on the radiologist in terms of interpreting degrees of response to treatment. This primer summarizes the Watch-and-Wait approach and the role of imaging, with illustrative "atlas-like" examples as an educational guide for radiologists.

Emerging mechanistic insights of selective autophagy in hepatic diseases.

Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy), a highly conserved metabolic process, regulates cellular homeostasis by degrading dysfunctional cytosolic constituents and invading pathogens the lysosomal system. In addition, autophagy selectively recycles specific organelles such as damaged mitochondria ( mitophagy), and lipid droplets (LDs; lipophagy) or eliminates specialized intracellular pathogenic microorganisms such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and coronaviruses ( virophagy). Selective autophagy, particularly mitophagy, plays a key role in the preservation of healthy liver physiology, and its dysfunction is connected to the pathogenesis of a wide variety of liver diseases.

Impact of Automated Genotyping and Increased Breeding Oversight on Overall Mouse Breeding Colony Productivity.

Mice have become increasingly popular as genetic tools, facilitated by the production of advanced genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs). GEMMs often require in-house breeding and production by research groups, which can be quite complex depending on the design of the GEMM. Identification of methods to increase the efficiency of breeding practices offers opportunities to optimize and reduce the number of animals bred for research while maintaining similar research output.

A Template Model Explains Jerboa Gait Transitions Across a Broad Range of Speeds.

For cursorial animals that maintain high speeds for extended durations of locomotion, transitions between footfall patterns (gaits) predictably occur at distinct speed ranges. How do transitions among gaits occur for non-cursorial animals? Jerboas () are bipedal hopping rodents that frequently transition between gaits throughout their entire speed range. It has been hypothesized that these non-cursorial bipedal gait transitions are likely to enhance their maneuverability and predator evasion ability.

Radiation-Induced Sarcomas of the Head and Neck: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: As a result of the increased use of radiotherapy (RT) and improved long-term overall survival of patients with cancers of the head and neck (HN), the frequency of radiation-induced sarcomas of the head and neck (RISHN) may be increasing. The main objective of this systematic review was to determine the existing evidence on the frequency, treatment, and outcome of RISHN.

Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines we conducted a systematic review of the literature published from 2000 to 2020.

Disorders of placental villous maturation in fetal death.

Objective The aims of this study were to ascertain the frequency of disorders of villous maturation in fetal death and to also delineate other placental histopathologic lesions in fetal death. Methods This was a retrospective observational cohort study of fetal deaths occurring among women between January 2004 and January 2016 at Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA. Cases comprised fetuses with death beyond 20 weeks' gestation.

Prescription Drug Misuse: Taking a Lifespan Perspective.

Prescription drug misuse (PDM), or medication use without a prescription or in ways not intended by the prescriber, is a notable public health concern, especially in the United States. Accumulating research has characterized PDM prevalence and processes, but age-based or lifespan changes in PDM are understudied. Given age-based differences in the medical or developmental concerns that often underlie PDM, it is likely that PDM varies by age.

Moving Through the Trauma: Dance/Movement Therapy as a Somatic-Based Intervention for Addressing Trauma and Stress Among Syrian Refugee Children.

Traumatic experiences are common in youth, with some reporting that 20% of youth have experienced trauma. Some populations have higher exposure. More than 50% of refugee youth with exposure to civilian war trauma and forced migration experience high anxiety; up to 30% screen positive for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Children of single-parent households are at a higher risk of obesity: A systematic review.

The goal of this systematic review was to evaluate whether children living in single-parent households have a higher risk of obesity. Of the 539 studies identified using keywords, a total of 10 original studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. The outcome measures included objective assessment of adiposity (weight or body mass index (BMI)), dietary consumption, physical activity, and/or obesogenic behaviors (bedroom television, elevated television viewing time, insufficient physical activity, and infrequent family meals).

Prevention Strategies in Post-TBI Depression in Older Adults: A Case Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe a theoretically focused intervention aimed toward chronic stress and depressive symptom management that is coordinated by a case manager and delivered within a home environment by the caregiver.

Primary Practice Setting: Home care, community setting.

Methods: A case study of an older adult with traumatic brain injury (TBI) secondary to a fall who had significant allostatic load at the time of his injury.

Prevalence and correlates of co-ingestion of prescription tranquilizers and other psychoactive substances by U.S. high school seniors: Results from a national survey.

Introduction: Nonmedical tranquilizer use (NMTU) is a concerning and understudied phenomenon in adolescents, despite being the second most prevalent form of nonmedical use in this population. Thus, this work aimed to examine the sociodemographic and substance use correlates of past-year co-ingestion of a prescription tranquilizer and another substance among adolescents.

Methods: Data were from the Monitoring the Future study, a nationally representative survey of U.

Contingent attentional capture triggers the congruency sequence effect.

The congruency effect in distracter interference tasks is often reduced after incongruent as compared to congruent trials. Here, we investigated whether this congruency sequence effect (CSE) is triggered by (a) attentional adaptation resulting from perceptual conflict or (b) contingent attentional capture arising from distracters that possess target-defining perceptual features. To distinguish between these hypotheses, we varied the perceptual format in which a distracter (word or arrow) and a subsequent target (word or arrow) appeared in a prime-probe task.

Spectral analysis-based risk score enables early prediction of mortality and cerebral performance in patients undergoing therapeutic hypothermia for ventricular fibrillation and comatose status.

Background: Early prognosis in comatose survivors after cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation (VF) is unreliable, especially in patients undergoing mild hypothermia. We aimed at developing a reliable risk-score to enable early prediction of cerebral performance and survival.

Methods: Sixty-one out of 239 consecutive patients undergoing mild hypothermia after cardiac arrest, with eventual return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and comatose status on admission fulfilled the inclusion criteria.

Self-healing of pores in PLGAs.

Self-healing of pores in Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)s (PLGA) plays an important role in the encapsulation and controlled release of drugs from PLGA microparticles. Despite the importance of this phenomenon, neither the mechanics of the deformation nor the material properties that control it have been fully studied. In this study, the material properties of PLGA have been characterized using mechanical tests, and a finite-element model has been developed to predict how pores heal.