Park7 deletion leads to sex-specific transcriptome changes involving NRF2-CYP1B1 axis in mouse midbrain astrocytes.

Loss-of-function mutations in PARK7, encoding for DJ-1, can lead to early onset Parkinson's disease (PD). In mice, Park7 deletion leads to dopaminergic deficits during aging, and increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. However, the severity of the reported phenotypes varies.

Latent tuberculosis prevalence in healthcare workers in Laos: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) have a high risk of active infection, morbidity and mortality. Healthcare workers are a group who have increased risk of infection and onward transmission to their patients and other susceptible individuals; however, LTBI is often undiagnosed, and individuals are asymptomatic. Interferon gamma release assays (IGRA) can detect evidence of TB infection in otherwise asymptomatic individuals and are a good indication of LTBI.

Perennial disaster patterns in Central Europe since 2000 and implications for hospital preparedness planning - a cross-sectional analysis.

The goal of this analysis is to describe seasonal disaster patterns in Central Europe in order to raise awareness and improve hospital disaster planning and resilience, particularly during peak events. Hospitals are essential pillars of a country's critical infrastructure, vital for sustaining healthcare services and supporting public well-being-a key issue of national security. Disaster planning for hospitals is crucial to ensure their functionality under special circumstances.

Profile and Usefulness of Serum Cytokines to Predict Prognosis in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.

Objectives: To characterize the serum cytokine profile in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) at onset and during follow-up and assess their utility for predicting relapses and disability.

Methods: This retrospective multicentric cohort study included patients aged 16 years and older meeting MOGAD 2023 criteria, with serum samples collected at baseline (≤3 months from disease onset) and follow-up (≥6 months from the baseline), and age-matched and time to sampling-matched patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Eleven cytokines were assessed using the ELLA system.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Despite being the most common cause of dementia worldwide, the mechanisms underlying the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are not clear and effective treatments are still needed. Hence, further investigation regarding the pathogenesis of AD is required, which might allow for a better understanding of the disease, as well as for an early diagnosis of AD, thus improving the clinical management of AD patients. Here, to identify key proteins in AD pathogenesis, we performed two proteomics strategies, TMT (Tandem Mass Tags) 10-plex quantitative proteomics and LFQ (Label Free Quantification).

Effect of Apical Preparation Size and Preparation Taper on Smear Layer Removal Using Two Different Irrigation Needles: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study.

Objectives:  The aim of this study was to determine the effect of apical preparation size and preparation taper on smear layer removal using a metallic needle and a new polymer needle (IrriFlex, Produits Dentaires SA "PD," Vevey, Switzerland).

Materials And Methods:  One hundred and eight single-rooted teeth with one canal were randomly divided into four groups according to the preparation and irrigation needle used: G1-30, 0.04 and IrriFlex ( = 25); G2-25, 0.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The identification of cognitively unimpaired individuals at risk of short-term cognitive decline is a critical task for Alzheimer´s disease (AD) research. Cognitively normal individuals with amyloid and/or tau pathology have a high risk for short-term cognitive decline. However, not all of these individuals show clinical progression.

Sport-specific differences in ACL injury, treatment and return to sports: Basketball.

Basketball is an intense, fast-paced game that is physically, highly demanding. Certain aspects of the game, such as the quick pivoting and cutting movements, predispose the players to serious knee injuries, including anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. While an ACL tear can be a devastating condition for players, multidisciplinary management of the injury can provide the players with a reasonable chance to return to play at the pre-injury level.

The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on delays and disruptions in cancer care services: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic substantially impacted the delivery of cancer services and programs. Here we reviewed and synthesized the global scale and impact of pandemic-related delays and disruptions on cancer services, including diagnosis, diagnostic procedures, screening, treatment and supportive and palliative care. Based on data from 245 articles in 46 countries, we observed declines in the number of cancer screening participation (39.

E4F1 coordinates pyruvate metabolism and the activity of the elongator complex to ensure translation fidelity during brain development.

Pyruvate metabolism defects lead to severe neuropathies such as the Leigh syndrome (LS) but the molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal cell death remain poorly understood. Here, we unravel a connection between pyruvate metabolism and the regulation of the epitranscriptome that plays an essential role during brain development. Using genetically engineered mouse model and primary neuronal cells, we identify the transcription factor E4F1 as a key coordinator of AcetylCoenzyme A (AcCoA) production by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and its utilization as an essential co-factor by the Elongator complex to acetylate tRNAs at the wobble position uridine 34 (U).

Health needs of older people and age-inclusive health care in humanitarian emergencies in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Health needs of older people in humanitarian settings are poorly documented, negatively affecting the appropriateness of health services they receive. This Review identified the major health needs of older people across humanitarian contexts, including non-communicable diseases and mental health conditions (eg, psychological distress and depression). Barriers to health care of older people included inaccessibility of health-care services; shortage of appropriate health care; insufficient availability of medications and medical equipment; poor geriatric expertise of health-care staff, health policy makers, and health authorities; and age discrimination by health-care personnel.

Personalized modeling of gut microbiome metabolism throughout the first year of life.

Background: Early-life exposures including diet, and the gut microbiome have been proposed to predispose infants towards multifactorial diseases later in life. Delivery via Cesarian section disrupts the establishment of the gut microbiome and has been associated with negative long-term outcomes. Here, we hypothesize that Cesarian section delivery alters not only the composition of the developing infant gut microbiome but also its metabolic capabilities.

Sex-dependent molecular landscape of Alzheimer's disease revealed by large-scale single-cell transcriptomics.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) shows significant sex differences in prevalence and clinical manifestations, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: This study used a large-scale, single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the human prefrontal cortex to investigate sex-dependent molecular changes in AD. Our approach combined cell type-specific and sex-specific differential gene expression analysis, pathway enrichment, gene regulatory network construction, and cell-cell communication analysis to identify sex-dependent changes.

Fear of hypoglycemia and sleep in children with type 1 diabetes and their parents.

Aims: To compare impact of pump treatment and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with predictive low glucose suspend (SmartGuard) or user initiated CGM (iscCGM) on sleep and hypoglycemia fear in children with type 1 Diabetes and parents.

Methods: Secondary analysis of data from 5 weeks pump treatment with iscCGM (A) or SmartGuard (B) open label, single center, randomized cross-over study was performed. At baseline and end of treatment arms, sleep and fear of hypoglycemia were evaluated using ActiGraph and questionnaires.

Detection and phylogenetic analysis of blood-associated pathogens from spleen samples of wild raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Germany.

Raccoons (Procyon lotor) originated in North America and have been introduced to Europe. Due to their close contact with human settlements, they are important reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens, such as Baylisascaris procyonis. The relevance and prevalence of vector-borne pathogens have not yet been fully elucidated.

Are three zebras more than three frogs: examining conceptual and physical congruency in numerosity judgements of familiar objects.

Researchers in numerical cognition have extensively studied the number sense-the innate human ability to extract numerical information from the environment quickly and effortlessly. Much of this research, however, uses abstract stimuli (e.g.

Cancer Organoids as reliable disease models to drive clinical development of novel therapies.

On September 23-24 (2024) the 6th Workshop IRE on Translational Oncology, titled "Cancer Organoids as Reliable Disease Models to Drive Clinical Development of Novel Therapies," took place at the IRCCS Regina Elena Cancer Institute in Rome. This prominent international conference focused on tumor organoids, bringing together leading experts from around the world.A central challenge in precision oncology is modeling the dynamic tumor ecosystem, which encompasses numerous elements that evolve spatially and temporally.

Exploring the status of online social support for older adults with cancer: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: The estimated number of new cases among older adults with cancer has been increasing. Considering the decrease in social networks as adults age, their need for social support is often unmet. Notably, an increasing number of older adults with cancer have access to social support through online technologies, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic, which heightened the need for online social support.

Levels of Stress in Volleyball Referees During Official Matches-The Influence of the Referee Role and Level of Competition.

Volleyball referees, as athletes and staff members, are exposed to different stress levels which can be determined by measuring pre- and post-match levels of salivary cortisol (C) and alpha-amylase (AA). This study aimed to determine the dynamics of stress biomarkers in referees during official volleyball matches and the connection to the roles or level of competition. The participants in this study were nine international volleyball referees (three females and six males) with a mean chronological age of 48.

Psychometric evaluation and derivation of the Kannada version of the modified (29-item model) Indian Vision Function Assessment Questionnaire.

Background/aims: India's linguistic and cultural diversity necessitates a region-specific validated Visual Functioning Questionnaire. The objective of this study was to translate the Indian Vision Function Questionnaire-33 (IND-VFQ-33) into the Kannada language and test its psychometric properties, underlying factor structure, and model fit.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 330 participants, and basic psychometric properties (reliability, convergent, discriminant, construct validity, responsiveness, etc.

Early Pacemaker Dependency After Heart Transplantation Is Associated with Permanent Pacemaker Implantation, Graft Failure and Mortality.

Aims: Patients after heart transplantation (HTX) often experience post-transplant bradycardia, but little is known about the outcomes of early pacemaker dependency after HTX. We compared post-transplant mortality, graft failure, and the requirement for the permanent pacemaker implantation of patients with and without early pacemaker dependency after HTX.

Methods: We screened all adult patients for early pacemaker dependency after HTX (defined as immediately after surgery) who underwent HTX at Heidelberg Heart Center between 1989 and 2022.

Hands-On Versus Hands-Off Treatment of Hip-Related Nonspecific Musculoskeletal Diseases: A Systematic Review.

A manual approach combined with therapeutic exercise versus therapeutic exercise alone is a debated issue in the literature. The American College of Rheumatology guidelines "conditionally recommended against" manual therapy for the management of hip osteoarthritis. Manual therapy followed by exercise, instead, appears to lead to a faster return to sport than exercise alone for adductor groin pain.

Age and gender differences in the value development of Dutch adults in 11 years of longitudinal data.

Value development over the life-span is rarely studied due to theory and data limitations. We use the LISS data, a Dutch longitudinal dataset, to study value change in adults aged 25-70 over 11 years from 2008 to 2019 (N=10,860), using the neo- socioanalyitcal model (NSM) as a theoretical framework. We find few cohort differences, differences between age groups and non-linear value change within individuals that continues until late adulthood.

The effect of automated insulin delivery system use on diabetes distress in people with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Diabetes distress (DD) is prevalent among people with diabetes. While automated insulin delivery systems (AIDs) improve glycaemic control, their impact on DD is unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of AIDs on DD in people with diabetes and their caregivers.