Insights into the salt levels in bread offers in Slovenia: trends and differences.

Objective: Bakery products are considered as one of main dietary sources of sodium/salt in Slovenia. Our main objective was to assess the salt content in bread in Slovenia, focusing into different bread categories and sales channels. The data collected in 2022 was compared with year 2012.

The role of intraoperative monitoring in target selection in deep brain stimulation: A single centre study.

Introduction: Intraoperative microelectrode recording (MER) and intraoperative test stimulation may provide vital information for optimal electrode placement and clinical outcome in movement disorders patients treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS). The aims of this retrospective study were to determine (i) how often the planned (imaging based) placements of electrodes were changed due to MER and intraoperative test stimulation in Parkinson's disease (PD), dystonia and essential tremor (ET) patients; (ii) whether the frequency of repositioning changed over time; (iii) whether patients' age or disease duration (in PD) influenced the frequency of repositioning.

Methods: Data on the planned and the final placement of 141 electrodes in 72 consecutive DBS treated patients (52 PD, 11 dystonia, 9 ET) was collected over the first 8 years of DBS implementation in a single center.

Multiplex basophil activation tests for allergy diagnosis: present and future applications.

The basophil activation test (BAT) has become a major cellular test for evaluating the allergenic activity of specific IgEs. The impact of the BAT is due to the ability of blood basophil granulocytes to present IgE on the high-affinity FcRI receptor and to mirror the mast cell response that elicits an acute allergic reaction. The BAT proved to be able to identify allergic patients at risk of reacting to a low dose of the allergen and/or developing life-threatening reactions and thus can significantly improve the current management of allergic patients.

Be Aware of Transient Dissolution Processes in CoO Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts.

Recently, cobalt-based oxides have received considerable attention as an alternative to expensive and scarce iridium for catalyzing the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under acidic conditions. Although the reported materials demonstrate promising durability, they are not entirely intact, calling for fundamental research efforts to understand the processes governing the degradation of such catalysts. To this end, this work studies the dissolution mechanism of a model CoO porous catalyst under different electrochemical conditions using online inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (online ICP-MS), identical location scanning transmission electron microscopy (IL-STEM), and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS).

Effects of 24-h sleep deprivation on whole-body heat exchange in young men during exercise in the heat.

Sleep deprivation has been associated with impaired thermoregulatory function. However, whether these impairments translate to changes in whole-body heat exchange during exercise-heat stress remains unknown. Therefore, following either a night of normal sleep or 24 h of sleep deprivation, 10 young men (mean (SD): 23 (3) years) completed three 30-min bouts of semi-recumbent cycling at increasing fixed rates of metabolic heat production (150, 200, 250 W/m), each separated by a 15-min rest in dry heat (40 °C, ~ 13% relative humidity).

An exploratory survey assessing the determinants of heat stress and heat strain in the Canadian mining industry from the worker's perspective.

With mines extending deeper and rising surface temperatures, workers are exposed to hotter environments. This study aimed to characterize heat stress and strain in the Canadian mining industry and evaluate the utility of the Heat Strain Score Index (HSSI), combined with additional self-reported adverse health outcomes. An exploratory web-based survey was conducted among workers ( = 119) in the Canadian mining industry.

Movement control of the cervical spine declines with aging: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Previous studies suggest that cervical spine position sense declines with age, while the relationship between aging and cervical spine movement control remains unknown.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between age and cervical spine movement control in asymptomatic adults.

Methods: One hundred five asymptomatic adults (21-79 years old) were included.

Electrocatalysis: From Planar Surfaces to Nanostructured Interfaces.

The reactions critical for the energy transition center on the chemistry of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and the heterogeneous catalyst surfaces that make up electrochemical energy conversion systems. Together, the surface-adsorbate interactions constitute the electrochemical interphase and define reaction kinetics of many clean energy technologies. Practical devices introduce high levels of complexity where surface roughness, structure, composition, and morphology combine with electrolyte, pH, diffusion, and system level limitations to challenge our ability to deconvolute underlying phenomena.

Using Anal Cytology and Human Papillomavirus DNA and E6/E7 mRNA Detection to Optimize High-Resolution Anoscopy Referrals in Men Who Have Sex With Men With HIV.

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate screening procedures for anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) with anal liquid-based cytology (aLBC) and biomarkers to identify candidates for high-resolution anoscopy (HRA).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included men who have sex with men with HIV. Participants underwent HRA, aLBC, and biomarker testing.

Single-docking robot-assisted radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy with partial left nephrectomy in a patient with synchronous pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm and clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

The synchronous occurrence of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PNEN) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) in one patient is extremely rare. Synchronous resection of both tumours is preferred over a two-stage procedure if possible. The robotic da Vinci Xi platform allows for multi-quadrant surgery with oncological outcomes comparable to those of laparoscopic or open surgery.

Postprandial time in tight range with faster insulin aspart compared with standard insulin aspart in youth with type 1 diabetes using automated insulin delivery.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess postprandial glycaemic outcomes using automated insulin delivery with faster acting insulin aspart (FIA) or standard insulin aspart (SIA) over 4 weeks in youth (aged 10-18 years) with type 1 diabetes.

Materials And Methods: We undertook a secondary analysis of postprandial glycaemic outcomes from a double-blind, randomised, crossover study comparing FIA to SIA using an investigational version of MiniMed™ 780G. Endpoints included postprandial time in tight range (70-140 mg/dL; TITR), postprandial glucose excursions and peak glucose, and incremental area under curve (iAUC).

Rab10-associated tubulation as an early marker for biogenesis of the assembly compartment in cytomegalovirus-infected cells.

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection reorganizes early endosomes (EE), recycling endosome (RE), and trans-Golgi network (TGN) and expands their intermediates into a large perinuclear structure that forms the inner part of the cytoplasmic assembly complex (AC). The reorganization begins and results with the basic configuration (known as pre-AC) in the early (E) phase of infection, but the sequence of developmental steps is not yet well understood. One of the first signs of the establishment of the inner pre-AC, which can be observed by immunofluorescence, is the accumulation of Rab10.

Clinical patterns and outcomes of patients affected by primary malignant melanoma of the oral mucosa: A European multicenter retrospective chart review.

Introduction: The purpose of this European multicenter study was to describe and assess the characteristics, diagnosis, management, and recurrence of oral malignant melanoma at different European oral and maxillofacial surgery centers.

Materials And Methods: This study was based on a systematic computer-assisted database that allowed the recording of data for all primary oral mucosal melanomas treated in the involved surgical units across Europe between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2022. The following data were recorded for each patient: gender, age, site, TNM staging, metastases, symptoms, imaging features, histopathological features, treatment, complications, recurrence, follow up, and survival.

Validation of the Postnatal Growth and Retinopathy of Prematurity (G-ROP) criteria in a Slovene cohort.

Purpose To validate the Postnatal Growth and ROP (G-ROP) study criteria for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening in a Slovenian cohort. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of preterm infants screened in 2021 at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia. The G-ROP criteria were systematically applied.

Inconsistent terminology in rodent anatomy hinders appropriate blood sampling in laboratory animal science: A review of blood sampling techniques on the head of mice.

Blood sampling is often performed during animal studies. This is more challenging in mice than in larger animal species owing to their size and lack of blood vessel visibility. Guidelines for blood sampling in mice and papers on animal welfare often refer to the submandibular, cheek, buccal, and anterior facial veins.

Design of the Multi-Bioactive Graphene-Oxide/Gelatin/Alginate Scaffolds as Dual ECM-Mimetic and Specific Wound Healing Phase-Target Therapeutic Concept for Advanced Wound Healing.

To develop and evaluate graphene oxide/gelatin/alginate scaffolds for advanced wound therapy capable of mimicking the native extracellular matrix (ECM) and bio-stimulating all specific phases of the wound healing process, from inflammation and proliferation to the remodeling of damaged skin tissue in three dimensions. The scaffolds were engineered as interpenetrating polymeric networks by the crosslinking reaction of gelatin in the presence of alginate and characterized by structural, morphological, mechanical, swelling properties, porosity, adhesion to the skin tissue, wettability, and in vitro simultaneous release of the active agents. Biocompatibility of the scaffolds were evaluated in vitro by MTT test on fibroblasts (MRC5 cells) and in vivo using assay.

Enteric Coated Pellets with Lactoferrin for Oral Delivery: Improved Shelf Life of the Product.

Background/objectives: Lactoferrin (Lf), a multifunctional iron-binding protein, has considerable potential for use as an active ingredient in food supplements due to its numerous positive effects on health. As Lf is prone to degradation, we aimed to develop a formulation that would ensure sufficient stability of Lf in the gastrointestinal tract and during product storage.

Methods: A simple, efficient, and well-established technology that has potential for industrial production was used for the double-coating of neutral pellet cores with an Lf layer and a protective enteric coating.

Superhydrophobic Coatings Based on PMMA-Siloxane-Silica and Modified Silica Nanoparticles Deposited on AA2024-T3.

The study aimed to develop a superhydrophobic coating on the aluminium alloy 2024-T3 surface. The desired surface roughness and low surface energy were achieved with SiO nanoparticles, synthesised via the Stöber method and modified with alkyl silane (AS) or perfluoroalkyl silane (FAS). To enhance particle adhesion to the alloy substrate, nanoparticles were incorporated into a hybrid sol-gel coating composed of tetraethyl orthosilicate, methyl methacrylate, and 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane.

Comparing Hydrolysable and Condensed Tannins for Tannin Protein-Based Foams.

Tannin-based foams have gained attention as a potential bio-based alternative to conventional synthetic foams. Traditionally, namely condensed tannins (CT) have been used, leaving the potential of hydrolysable tannins (HT) largely unexplored. This study compared the performance of chestnut (HT) and quebracho (CT) in tannin-protein-based foams at different tannin ratios.

Synthesis of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs' Chalcone Derivatives and a Study of Their Conformational Properties Through a Combination of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Molecular Modeling.

Background: In this study, two chalcone analogs were synthesized through in silico and experimental methods, and their potential to inhibit the lipoxygenase enzyme, which plays a role in the inflammation pathway, was assessed. Specifically, this study is a continuation of previous research in which chalcone derivatives were synthesized and characterized.

Objectives/methods: In the current work, we present the re-synthesis of two chalcones, with a focus on their docking studies, NMR analysis, and dynamic simulations.

Comparing Repaired Subscapularis Tendon Integrity Using Ultrasound in Onlay Versus Inlay Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty.

The importance of the subscapularis tendon in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) has been increasingly emphasized lately. Recent studies have indicated that a repaired subscapularis tendon has better functional outcomes. This study is aimed at comparing the healing rate of repaired subscapularis tendons between onlay and inlay Bony Increased Offset-Reversed Shoulder Arthroplasty (BIO-RSA).

Evaluation of Mechanochemically Prepared CePO∙HO Nanoparticles as UV Filter for Photoprotective Formulations.

Rhabdophane, CePO∙HO, nanoparticles were prepared by mechanochemical synthesis with different durations and thoroughly characterized by various characterization techniques. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the optimal synthesis duration was 15 min, since, in this case, pure rhabdophane is obtained, without traces of contamination by the vessel material. The size of the obtained nanoparticles, as determined from high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images, was around 5 nm.

Mononuclear Aluminum-Fluoride Ions, AlF-Study of Plausible Frameworks of Complexes with Biomolecules and Their In Vitro Toxicity.

The importance of fluorine and aluminum in all aspects of daily life has led to an enormous increase in human exposure to these elements in their various forms. It is therefore important to understand the routes of exposure and to investigate and understand the potential toxicity. Of particular concern are aluminum-fluoride complexes (AlF), which are able to mimic the natural isostructural phosphate group and influence the activity of numerous essential phosphoryl transferases.

Determination of the Critical Voltage for the Observation of Uncoated Wood Samples in Electron Microscopy.

Electron microscopy (EM) is a key tool for studying the microstructure of wood; however, observing uncoated samples poses a challenge due to surface charging. This study aims to identify the critical voltage that allows for the effective observation of uncoated wood samples without significant loading. As part of the experiment, samples of different wood species were tested, including Acacia ( L.

Genetic Background of Macular Telangiectasia Type 2.

Macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel) is a slowly progressive macular disorder that is often diagnosed late due to the gradual onset of vision loss. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques have facilitated earlier detection and have shown that MacTel is more common than initially thought. The disease is genetically complex, and multiple variants contribute incrementally to the overall risk.