Targeted Adherence and Enhanced Degradation of Feather Keratins by a Novel Prepeptidase C-Terminal Domain-Fused Keratinase.

Keratinases are valuable enzymes for converting feather keratin waste into bioactive products but often suffer from poor substrate specificity and low catalytic efficiency. This study reported the creating of a novel keratinase with targeted adherence and specific degradation on feather keratins by fusing prepeptidase C-Terminal (PPC) domain. A PPC domain of metalloprotease E423 specifically adsorbed feather keratins by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions in a time- and temperature-dependent manner.

Study on the selective adsorption of Ag by thermosensitive poly(n-isopropylacrylamide)/guanylthiourea/chitosan composites.

In this work, temperature-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and the ‌guanylthiourea (GLA) were used to modify chitosan (CS) to prepare a novel PNIPAM/GLA/CS adsorbent for Ag(I) ions. Temperature variations near the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) facilitate the adjustment of functional group distribution within the composite material, thereby influencing its adsorption performance for silver ions. The characteristics of this composite material were confirmed using a variety of techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), variable-temperature ultraviolet-visible near-infrared spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Insight into formation and structure of wheat starch-lauric acid complexes by extrusion: Effect of plasma-activated water.

The objective of this study is to examine how plasma-activated water (PAW) affects the formation of complexes between wheat starch (WS) and lauric acid (LA) during extrusion. The findings from various analysis, including complexing index, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, revealed that PAW promoted the formation of WS-LA complexes during extrusion, resulting in a better long-range and short-range ordered structure, as well as higher gelatinization enthalpy. Consequently, PAW led to lower solubility, swelling power, gel property, and rapidly digestible starch content but higher resistant starch content.

Effect Analysis of Early Rehabilitation Therapy Combined with Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Postoperative Rehabilitation of Sports Knee Injury.

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of combined early rehabilitation therapy and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with sports knee injuries (SKI).

Methods: A total of 62 SKI patients from June 2021 to June 2022 were randomly selected by computer and divided into group A (31 cases, early rehabilitation therapy) and group B (31 cases, early rehabilitation therapy +rTMS) by numbered envelope method. The effects of the two groups were compared.

Dynamic reconfiguration of multiobjective distribution networks considering the variation of load and DG using a novel LDEDBO algorithm.

To address the challenges related to active power dissipation and node voltage fluctuation in the practical transformation of power grids in the field of new energy such as wind and photovoltaic power generation, an improved Dung Beetle Optimization Algorithm Based on a Hybrid Strategy of Levy Flight and Differential Evolution (LDEDBO) is proposed. This paper systematically addresses this issue from three aspects: firstly, optimizing the DBO algorithm using Chebyshev chaotic mapping, Levy flight strategy, and differential evolution algorithm; secondly, validating the algorithm's feasibility through real-time network reconfiguration at random time points within a 24-h period; and finally, applying the LDEDBO to address the dynamic reconfiguration problems of the IEEE-33 and IEEE-69 node bus. The simulation indicates that the power dissipation of the IEEE-33 node bus is decreased by 28.

Identification of allelochemicals under continuous cropping of Morchella mushrooms.

Continuous cropping obstacle has been becoming the bottleneck for the stable development of morel cultivation. The allelopathic effect of soil allelochemicals may play an instrumental role in the morel soil sickness. In this study, the allelochemicals were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with in vitro bioassay.

Reliability evaluation of rolling bearings based on generative adversarial network sample enhancement and maximum entropy method.

Aiming at the difficulty of extracting vibration data under actual working conditions of rolling bearings, this paper proposes a bearing reliability evaluation method based on generative adversarial network sample enhancement and maximum entropy method under the condition of few samples. Based on generative adversarial network, data sample enhancement under few samples is carried out, and the reliability analysis model is established by using the maximum entropy principle and Poisson process. The reliability is evaluated according to the reliability variation frequency, variation speed and variation acceleration.

Plant-based protein amyloid fibrils: Origins, formation, extraction, applications, and safety.

Amyloid fibrils (AFs) are highly ordered nanostructures formed through the self-assembly of proteins under specific conditions. Due to their unique properties, AFs have garnered significant attention as biomaterials over the past decade. Nevertheless, the increasing reliance on animal proteins for AFs production raises sustainability concerns, highlighting the need for a transition to plant-based proteins as more environmentally friendly feedstocks.

A spatio-temporal graph wavelet neural network (ST-GWNN) for association mining in timely social media data.

Social media generates vast amounts of spatio-temporal sequential data. However, current methods often ignore the complex spatio-temporal correlations within these data. This oversight makes it difficult to fully capture the dynamic features of the data.

Transition metal-catalyzed cascade C-H activation/cyclization with alkynes: an update on sulfur-containing directing groups.

In light of the extensive applications of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds in drug discovery, agrochemicals, and advanced materials, the construction of complex sulfur-containing molecular scaffolds has flourished in recent years. There is a profound interest in synthetic methods for forming carbon-sulfur bonds. Regarding this, transition metal (TM)-catalyzed C-H bond activation has emerged as a valuable means for the rapid formation of C-S bonds, although it is comparatively less explored than C-N or C-C bonds.

A memristor-based circuit design of avoidance learning with time delay and its application.

Currently, the research in memristor-based associative memory neural networks pays more attention to positive stimuli and lays less attention to negative stimuli. Negative stimuli are superior to positive stimuli in some ways, but lack the associated circuit implementation. In this paper, a memristor-based circuit design of avoidance learning with time delay is designed.

Improvement of maize starch-lauric acid complexes by plasma pretreatment: Formation, structure, properties and its related mechanisms.

Starch-lipid complexes have attracted widespread attention owing to high anti-digestibility and thermal stability. However, methods to increase the content of starch-lipid complexes are limited. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) treatment for different times (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 min) on the formation and structure of complexes between maize starch (MS) and lauric acid (LA).

Regulating Strain and Suppressing Defect States Through Polymer Ionization and Chemical Chelation for Efficient Inverted Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells.

Flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) have great promise for applications in wearable technology and space photovoltaics. However, the unpredictable crystallization of perovskite on flexible substrates results in significantly lower efficiency and mechanical durability than industry standards. A strategy is investigated employing the polymer electrolyte poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) to regulate crystallization and passivate defect states in perovskite films on flexible substrates.

Designing cobalt-nickel dual-atoms on boron, nitrogen-codoped carbon nanotubes for carbon dioxide electroreduction to syngas.

Developing highly efficient electrocatalysts to produce syngas with a stable hydrogen/carbon monoxide (H/CO) ratio in a wide potential window via electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO) reduction is desperately required but still challenging. Herein, a dual-atomic site on boron, nitrogen-codoped carbon nanotubes (BCN) has been designed, containing both cobalt (CoN) and nickel (NiNB) sites. Benefiting from the structure advantage and the bifunctional Co/Ni sites, such designed catalyst (CoNi-BCN) demonstrates remarkable performance for syngas production, achieving a stable H/CO ratio of 1.

Recovery effects of the long-term cryopreserved Anammox sludge by adjusting the sludge amount.

Anammox process was one of the most promising nitrogen removal technologies. This study investigated the recovery performance of Anammox sludge after 83 days of cryopreservation in two reactors (R1 and R2). Reactor R1 utilized Anammox sludge pretreated with low-substrate simulated wastewater prior to long-term cryopreservation, and successful recovery was achieved by discharging sludge under ammonia nitrogen concentrations of 100 mg/L.

Conversion of α-linolenic acid into n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: bioavailability and dietary regulation.

N-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs) are essential for physiological requirements and disease prevention throughout life but are not adequately consumed worldwide. Dietary supplementation with plant-derived α-linolenic acid (ALA) has the potential to rebalance the fatty acid profile and enhance health benefits but faces challenges such as high β-oxidation consumption, low hepatic conversion efficiency, and high oxidative susceptibility under stress. This review focuses on the metabolic fate and potential regulatory targets of ALA-containing lipids , specifically the pathway from the gastrointestinal tract to the lymph, blood circulation, and liver.

An Analysis of the Influence of DSC Parameters on the Measurement of the Thermal Properties of Phase-Change Material.

A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is widely used for measuring the thermal properties of phase-change materials (PCMs). Optimizing test conditions based on material characteristics is essential for accurate results. This study investigates the effects of experimental parameters, including sample mass, heating rate, measurement modes, and atmosphere flow rate, on the phase-change enthalpy and phase-change temperature results.

Preparation and Antibacterial Performance Study of CeO/g-CN Nanocomposite Materials.

In response to the challenges of food spoilage and water pollution caused by pathogenic microorganisms, CeO/g-CN nanocomposites were synthesized via one-step calcination using thiourea and urea as precursors. Steady-state photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy analysis demonstrated that 8 wt% CeO/g-CN exhibited superior electron-hole separation efficiency. Quantitative antimicrobial assays demonstrated that the nanocomposites displayed enhanced bactericidal activity against , , and .

Food Functional Factors in Alzheimer's Disease Intervention: Current Research Progress.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. With the escalating aging of the global population, the societal burden of this disease is increasing. Although drugs are available for the treatment of AD, their efficacy is limited and there remains no effective cure.

Dynamic analysis of FN-HR neural network coupled of bistable memristor and encryption application based on Fibonacci Q-Matrix.

In this paper, a cosine hyperbolic memristor model is proposed with bistable asymmetric hysteresis loops. A neural network of coupled hyperbolic memristor is constructed by using the Fitzhugh-Nagumo model and the Hindmarsh-Rose model. The coupled neural network with a large number of equilibrium points is obtained by numerical analysis.

Effect of tea polyphenols on the quality of Mackerel puree () during refrigerated storage: Color, oxidative stability and microstructure.

This study investigated the impact of adding tea polyphenols (TP) on the quality of mackerel puree during refrigerated storage. The study used whole mackerel fish and analyzed the sensory characteristics, physicochemical properties, and microstructure of the puree. As storage time increased, significant changes occurred in the puree, including increased levels of thiobarbituric acid value, protein carbonyl, and free radicals.

Effects of soy protein isolate hydrolysate on the structural and functional properties of yam starch during extrusion.

This study investigated the interaction between yam starch (YS) and soy protein isolate hydrolysate (SPH), and their effects on in vitro digestibility of starch through extrusion treatment. Results indicated that SPH with 6 % hydrolysis degree had the lowest relative molecular mass. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy revealed an increase in the relative crystallinity of extruded yam starch (EYS) from 17.