The evolution of patient-reported outcome measures after a first lateral ankle sprain: A prospective study.

Purpose: A lateral ankle sprain is the most common musculoskeletal injury in the physically active population. However, it is unclear how the clinical condition evolves during the period after the injury and what proportion of patients develops chronic symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the evolution of patient-reported outcome measures after a first time lateral ankle sprain.

Role of the intrinsic subtalar ligaments in subtalar instability and consequences for clinical practice.

Subtalar instability (STI) is a disabling complication after an acute lateral ankle sprain and remains a challenging problem. The pathophysiology is difficult to understand. Especially the relative contribution of the intrinsic subtalar ligaments in the stability of the subtalar joint is still controversial.

Accuracy of 3D Corrective Osteotomy for Pediatric Malunited Both-Bone Forearm Fractures.

Re-displacement of a pediatric diaphyseal forearm fracture can lead to a malunion with symptomatic impairment in forearm rotation, which may require a corrective osteotomy. Corrective osteotomy with two-dimensional (2D) radiographic planning for malunited pediatric forearm fractures can be a complex procedure due to multiplanar deformities. Three-dimensional (3D) corrective osteotomy can aid the surgeon in planning and obtaining a more accurate correction and better forearm rotation.

Reconstruction of the cervical ligament in patients with chronic subtalar instability.

Purpose: Diagnosis and treatment of subtalar instability (STI) remains complicated and challenging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcome of an anatomical reconstruction of the cervical ligament in patients with suspected chronic STI.

Methods: This prospective study assessed the results of a surgical reconstruction of the cervical ligament using a gracilis tendon graft in a group of 14 patients (16 feet).

The different subtalar ligaments show significant differences in their mechanical properties.

Background: Today, the relative contribution of each ligamentous structure in the stability of the subtalar joint is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to assess the material properties of the different ligamentous structures of the subtalar joint.

Methods: Eighteen paired fresh-frozen cadaveric feet were used to obtain bone-ligament-bone complexes of the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), the cervical ligament (CL) and the anterior capsular ligament-interosseous talocalcaneal ligament complex (ACaL-ITCL).

The presence of persistent symptoms 12 months following a first lateral ankle sprain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: A lateral ankle sprain (LAS) is the most common musculoskeletal injury in the physically active population. It is uncertain what percentage of these patients develop persisting symptoms including pain, recurrent sprains and subjective instability. This systematic review was conducted to assess the presence and duration of persistent symptoms after a first LAS.

Multicenter, retrospective analysis of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke in nonagenarians.

Background: With the increasing age of acute stroke patients being admitted to hospitals, more data are needed on indications, complications and outcome of endovascular treatment (EVT) in the very elderly.

Methods: Retrospective observational study with data collection from Belgian, Swiss, Canadian comprehensive stroke centers and Swedish EVT National database. All patients with acute ischemic stroke were eligible if aged older than or ≥90 years and treated with EVT ± pretreatment with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT).

A calcaneal tunnel for CFL reconstruction should be directed to the posterior inferior medial edge of the calcaneal tuberosity.

Purpose: Anatomical reconstruction of the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) is a common technique to treat chronic lateral ankle instability. A bone tunnel is used to fix the graft in the calcaneus. The purpose of this study is to provide some recommendations about tunnel entrance and tunnel direction based on anatomical landmarks.

The intrinsic subtalar ligaments have a consistent presence, location and morphology.

Background: Chronic subtalar instability is a disabling complication after acute ankle sprains. Currently, the literature describing the anatomy of the intrinsic subtalar ligaments is limited and equivocal which causes difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of subtalar instability. The purpose of this study is to assess the anatomical characteristics of the subtalar ligaments and to clarify some points of confusion.

Does subtalar instability really exist? A systematic review.

Background: Subtalar joint instability (STI) is considered as a potential source of chronic lateral hindfoot instability. However, clinical diagnosis of STI is still challenging. This systematic review was conducted to assess the consistency of the clinical entity "subtalar instability", to investigate the reliability of available diagnostic tools and to provide a critical overview of related studies.

Endoscopic Ankle Lateral Ligament Graft Anatomic Reconstruction.

Chronic instability is a common complication of lateral ankle sprains. If nonoperative treatment fails, a surgical repair or reconstruction may be indicated. Today, endoscopic techniques to treat ankle instability are becoming more popular.

How to drill the talar tunnel in ATFL reconstruction?

Purpose: Reconstruction of the anterior talofibular ligament may be indicated in cases of residual instability after conservative treatment. Often, a bone tunnel is used for fixation in the talar bone. The purpose of this study is to evaluate possible routes for drilling the talar tunnel.

Pitfalls in the experimental recording of ultrasonic (backscatter) polar scans for material characterization.

The ultrasonic polar scan (UPS), either in transmission, reflection or backscatter mode, is a promising non-destructive testing technique for the characterization of composites, providing information about the mechanical anisotropy, the viscoelastic damping, the surface roughness, and more. At present, the technique is merely being used for qualitative purposes. The limited quantitative exploration and use of the technique can be primarily ascribed to limitations of current theoretical models as well as the difficulty to perform accurate, and more importantly, reproducible UPS experiments.

Mechanisms of masked priming: a meta-analysis.

The extent to which unconscious information can influence behavior has been a topic of considerable debate throughout the history of psychology. A frequently used method for studying subliminal processing is the masked priming paradigm. The authors focused on studies in which this paradigm was used.

Conscious and unconscious proportion effects in masked priming.

The global neuronal workspace theory [Dehaene, S., & Naccache, L. (2001).

Finding a solution to the problem of pain: conceptual formulation and the development of the Pain Solutions Questionnaire (PaSol).

We report the development of the Pain Solutions Questionnaire (PaSol), an instrument designed to measure assimilative (efforts at changing or solving pain) and accommodative (accepting that pain cannot be solved, and changing life goals) responses to the problems associated with pain. Data were collected from 476 adults suffering from chronic pain. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses resulted in a 14-item instrument with an adequate oblique 4-factor structure: (1) Solving Pain scale (4 items), (2) Meaningfulness of Life Despite Pain scale (5 items), (3) Acceptance of the Insolubility of Pain scale (3 items), and (4) Belief in a Solution scale (2 items).

Why women prefer epidural analgesia during childbirth: the role of beliefs about epidural analgesia and pain catastrophizing.

This study investigated the reasons that might lead women to choose or not choose epidural analgesia as a strategy for the management of pain in childbirth. In our sample 55% of 114 women chose EA. Logistic regression resulted in a statistical model with four unique and independent predictors: Parity status and the fear of the side effects of EA each reduced the odds of choosing EA by half, whereas the desire to have a pain-free childbirth and positive experiences with EA of family and friends each doubled the odds of choosing EA.

Increased Na+ concentration and altered Na/K pump activity in hypertrophied canine ventricular cells.

Objective: To investigate whether hypertrophy in the dog with chronic atrioventricular block (CAVB) alters [Na+]i and Na/K-pump function of ventricular myocytes.

Methods: We measured the [Na+]i dependence of the Na/K pump current, I(p). This relation was used as a calibration curve for [Na+]i based on I(p).

Intracellular Na+ and altered Na+ transport mechanisms in cardiac hypertrophy and failure.

Altered intracellular Na(+) ([Na(+)](i)) is a potentially important factor in the functional adaptation of the hypertrophied and failing heart. We review the currently reported changes in [Na(+)](i) and Na(+) transport in different models of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Direct measurements are limited, but most of these indicate that there is a rise in [Na(+)](i), in particular in hypertrophy.