A Brief Web-Based Person-Centered Care Group Training Program for the Management of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial in Spain.

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM) is a crucial aspect of patient-centered care. While several SDM training programs for health care professionals have been developed, evaluation of their effectiveness is scarce, especially in mental health disorders such as generalized anxiety disorder.

Objective: This study aims to assess the feasibility and impact of a brief training program on the attitudes toward SDM among primary care professionals who attend to patients with generalized anxiety disorder.

Surgical and Pathological Results Following Neoadjuvant Nivolumab and Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Resectable NSCLC: A Multicentre Real-World Series From England.

Background: To evaluate the real-world surgical and pathological outcomes following neoadjuvant nivolumab in combination with chemotherapy in a multicentre national cohort of patients.

Methods: Retrospective analysis on consecutive patients treated in three tertiary referral hospitals in UK with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy (nivolumab) for stage II-IIIB nonsmall cell lung cancer (March 2023-May 2024). Surgical and pathological outcomes were assessed.

Social associations across species during nocturnal bird migration.

An emerging frontier in ecology explores how organisms integrate social information into movement behavior and the extent to which information exchange occurs across species boundaries. Most migratory landbirds are thought to undertake nocturnal migratory flights independently, guided by endogenous programs and individual experience. Little research has addressed the potential for social information exchange aloft during nocturnal migration, but social influences that aid navigation, orientation, or survival could be valuable during high-risk migration periods.

Risk of atherosclerosis-related diseases in polymyositis and dermatomyositis patients: A large-scale population-based study.

Background And Aims: Several systemic autoimmune diseases predispose to the enhancement of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD). These findings underline the role of inflammation in atherogenesis. Dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) are polygenic autoimmune disorders involving mainly skeletal muscles.

ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD in a sample of prison staff: A latent profile approach.

Although empirical support for the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (11th ed.; ICD-11) distinction between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) is growing, research into the ICD-11 CPTSD model in prison staff is lacking. This study used latent profile analysis (LPA) to (a) determine if there are distinct groups of trauma-exposed prison governors (i.

Proteomic profiling of the large-vessel vasculitis spectrum identifies shared signatures of innate immune activation and stromal remodelling.

Background: Takayasu arteritis (TAK) and giant cell arteritis (GCA), the most common forms of large-vessel vasculitis (LVV), can result in serious morbidity. Understanding the molecular basis of LVV should aid in developing better biomarkers and treatments.

Methods: Plasma proteomic profiling of 184 proteins was performed in two cohorts.

Implementation of a national programme to train and support healthcare professionals in brief behavioural interventions: A qualitative study using the theoretical domains framework.

Objectives: Behaviour change interventions offered opportunistically by healthcare professionals can support patient health behaviour change. The Making Every Contact Count (MECC) programme in Ireland is a national programme to support healthcare professionals to use brief behavioural interventions. The aim of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the enablers of, and barriers to, embedding MECC across the healthcare system.

Opportunities and limitations of B cell depletion approaches in SLE.

B cell depletion with rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody that selectively targets B cells by binding CD20, has been used off label in severe and resistant systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for over two decades. Several biological mechanisms limit the efficacy of rituximab, including immunological reactions towards the chimeric molecule, increased numbers of residual B cells, including plasmablasts and plasma cells, and a post-treatment surge in B cell-activating factor (BAFF) levels. Consequently, rituximab induces remission in only a proportion of patients, and safety issues limit its use.

Genetic proxies for clinical traits are associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19.

Routine use of genetic data in healthcare is much-discussed, yet little is known about its performance in epidemiological models including traditional risk factors. Using severe COVID-19 as an exemplar, we explore the integration of polygenic risk scores (PRS) into disease models alongside sociodemographic and clinical variables. PRS were optimized for 23 clinical variables and related traits previously-associated with severe COVID-19 in up to 450,449 UK Biobank participants, and tested in 9,560 individuals diagnosed in the pre-vaccination era.

Methane emissions from the Nord Stream subsea pipeline leaks.

The amount of methane released to the atmosphere from the Nord Stream subsea pipeline leaks remains uncertain, as reflected in a wide range of estimates. A lack of information regarding the temporal variation in atmospheric emissions has made it challenging to reconcile pipeline volumetric (bottom-up) estimates with measurement-based (top-down) estimates. Here we simulate pipeline rupture emission rates and integrate these with methane dissolution and sea-surface outgassing estimates to model the evolution of atmospheric emissions from the leaks.

Longer term follow-up of abdominal symptoms (CFAbd-Score) after initiation of Elexacaftor / Tezacaftor / Ivacaftor in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Whether improvements in gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms observed with Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor (ETI) treatment are sustained in the longer-term requires exploration. This study investigated how GI-symptoms change with longer-term ETI use in pancreatic insufficient adults with cystic fibrosis (awCF).

Methods: Participants completed up to three abdominal symptom questionnaires, employing the validated CFAbd-Score.

Solid-State Nanopore Real-Time Assay for Monitoring Cas9 Endonuclease Reactivity.

The field of nanopore sensing is now moving beyond nucleic acid sequencing. An exciting avenue is the use of nanopore platforms for the monitoring of biochemical reactions. Biological nanopores have been used for this application, but solid-state nanopore approaches have lagged.

Association between patient perception of disease status and different components of the Minimal Disease Activity (MDA) criteria in psoriatic arthritis.

Objective: The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the relationship between the criteria met of the Minimal Disease Activity (MDA) score for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and patient-perceived disease status.

Methods: We analysed data from the ReFlaP study (NCT03119805), a cross-sectional international study of adult patients with PsA. Patients self-reported if they felt their PsA was in remission (REM), low disease activity (LDA) or neither.

Association between abatacept exposure levels and infection occurrence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: post hoc analysis of the AVERT-2 study.

Objective: To determine if higher serum exposure during subcutaneous (SC) abatacept treatment was associated with an increased infection risk in adult patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: Data from AVERT-2 (Assessing Very Early Rheumatoid arthritis Treatment-2, NCT02504268), a randomized, placebo-controlled study in anticitrullinated protein antibody- positive patients with early RA, were analyzed. A post hoc population pharmacokinetic (PPK) analysis was performed.

The structural organisation of pentraxin-3 and its interactions with heavy chains of inter-α-inhibitor regulate crosslinking of the hyaluronan matrix.

Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is an octameric protein, comprised of eight identical protomers, that has diverse functions in reproductive biology, innate immunity and cancer. PTX3 interacts with the large polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) to which heavy chains (HCs) of the inter-α-inhibitor (IαI) family of proteoglycans are covalently attached, playing a key role in the (non-covalent) crosslinking of HC•HA complexes. These interactions stabilise the cumulus matrix, essential for ovulation and fertilisation in mammals, and are also implicated in the formation of pathogenic matrices in the context of viral lung infections.

Clinical Trial: Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of the Alpha-2-Delta Ligand PD-217,014 in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Introduction: Despite the emergence of drugs to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), improving abdominal pain can still be challenging. αδ ligands, such as gabapentin and pregabalin, are sometimes used off-label to tackle this problem. However, evidence for efficacy is limited, and no large-scale studies have been published.

Piloting a minimum data set for older people living in care homes in England: a developmental study.

Background: We developed a prototype minimum data set (MDS) for English care homes, assessing feasibility of extracting data directly from digital care records (DCRs) with linkage to health and social care data.

Methods: Through stakeholder development workshops, literature reviews, surveys and public consultation, we developed an aspirational MDS. We identified ways to extract this from existing sources, including DCRs and routine health and social care datasets.

Macrophage to neuron communication via extracellular vesicles in neuropathic pain conditions.

Neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury results from maladaptive changes in neurons and immune cells contribution to mechanisms underlying chronic pain. Specifically, in dorsal root ganglia (DRG), sensory neuron cell bodies release extracellular vesicles (EVs) which promote pro-inflammatory macrophage accumulation that facilitates nociceptive signalling. Here, we show that macrophages shuttle EVs to neurons.

Developing and implementing whole systems approaches to reduce inequalities in childhood obesity: A mixed methods study in Dundee, Scotland.

Background: UK local authorities are developing and implementing Whole Systems Approaches to childhood obesity to tackle persistent and complex health inequalities. However, there is a lack of research on the practical application of these approaches. This paper reports on findings of a study into the initial implementation of this approach in Dundee, Scotland.

Synaptic Targets and Cellular Sources of CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor and Vesicular Glutamate Transporter-3 Expressing Nerve Terminals in Relation to GABAergic Neurons in the Human Cerebral Cortex.

Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) regulates synaptic transmission through presynaptic receptors in nerve terminals, and its physiological roles are of clinical relevance. The cellular sources and synaptic targets of CB1-expressing terminals in the human cerebral cortex are undefined. We demonstrate a variable laminar pattern of CB1-immunoreactive axons and electron microscopically show that CB1-positive GABAergic terminals make type-2 synapses innervating dendritic shafts (69%), dendritic spines (20%) and somata (11%) in neocortical layers 2-3.

From Stigma to Strength? The Interrelations Between Sexual Identity Stigma, Well-Being, and Accepting Communities on Instagram Amongst Sexual Minority Youth.

Introduction: Initial evidence suggests that engaging with accepting communities on social media such as Instagram may inform sexual minority youths' sense of stigma and well-being. However, as existing research has predominately drawn upon cross-sectional or qualitative designs, it is currently unclear whether the positive experiences identified in previous research accumulate, endure, or evolve over time. We also know relatively little about whether engagement with accepting online communities is primarily a compensatory or enhancing behavior.

Lived experience of pilonidal sinus disease: Systematic review and meta-ethnography.

Aim: Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) poses significant treatment challenges due to a lack of consensus on the diverse range of surgical approaches routinely employed, prompting a renewed focus on the patient experience. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of patients with PSD to better inform future person-centred treatment.

Method: A systematic review was performed to identify papers reporting qualitative studies on the lived experience of PSD.