Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Cholinesterase, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Plant Derived Extracts and Column Semi-Purified Fractions of .

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the anti-diabetic, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-inflammatory potential of extracts from different parts of , including leaves, stem, and roots, as well as isolated column fractions (F-B-1 C, F-B-2 C, F-B-3 C, and F-B-4 C).

Methods: The extracts and subsequent fractions were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against key enzymes involved in diabetes [α-glucosidase and α-amylase], neurodegenerative diseases [acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase], and inflammation (cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)).

Results: The results showed that leaf extract exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (73.

Role of small molecules as drug candidates for reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells: A comprehensive review.

With the use of specific genetic factors and recent developments in cellular reprogramming, it is now possible to generate lineage-committed cells or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from readily available and common somatic cell types. However, there are still significant doubts regarding the safety and effectiveness of the current genetic methods for reprogramming cells, as well as the conventional culture methods for maintaining stem cells. Small molecules that target specific epigenetic processes, signaling pathways, and other cellular processes can be used as a complementary approach to manipulate cell fate to achieve a desired objective.

Synthesis of dimeric 1,2-benzothiazine 1,1-dioxide scaffolds: molecular structures, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT and enzyme inhibition studies.

1,2-Benzothiazines are bioactive compounds with diverse pharmacological properties. We report here the synthesis of a series of dimers containing 1,2-benzothiazine scaffolds as potential pharmacophores. The characterization of compounds was done using analytical techniques such as FT-IR, H NMR, and elemental analyses.

Comparison of Soft Tissue Chin Thickness in Adult Patients With Various Mandibular Divergence Patterns.

Objective This study aimed to compare the soft tissue chin (STC) thickness at different levels in patients presenting for orthodontic treatment with different vertical facial types. Materials and methods This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at Sharif Medical & Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan, on 195 subjects. Patients presenting for orthodontic treatment, both genders, aged from 18 to 32 years, and Pakistani nationals were included.

Effect of methotrexate hold on COVID-19 vaccine response in the patients with autoimmune inflammatory disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Immunosuppressants, such as methotrexate (MTX), can suppress the COVID-19 vaccine response in patients with autoimmune diseases. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effects of MTX hold following COVID-19 vaccination on vaccine efficacy response. A systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies retrieved from Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed, and CENTRAL from inception until Oct 1, 2023, was conducted.

Factors necessary for entrustment decision-making in surgical operating rooms: A modified Delphi study.

Objective: Resident autonomy in an operation theatre has been directly linked with patient safety in healthcare. The objective of this study was to identify the factors necessary for making resident-entrustment decisions from the perspective of a supervisor/consultant viewpoint. The second objective was to develop a checklist for assessing resident readiness for independent work.

Fabrication and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticle-Doped Chitosan/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Nanocomposites for Optoelectronic and Biological Applications.

The synthesis of nanoparticles using environmentally friendly methods for applications in fields such as food packaging and biomedicine has been gaining increasing attention. Organic-inorganic nanostructures offer opportunities to create innovative materials suitable for use in optoelectronics and biological applications. In this study, we focused on producing nanocomposite films by blending carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and chitosan (CS) polymers in equal proportions (50/50 wt %) and adding silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) through a solution casting process.

Investigation of half metallic properties of TlMo(Cl/Br) double perovskites for spintronic devices.

The manipulation of electronic device characteristics through electron spin represents a burgeoning frontier in technological advancement. Investigation of magnetic and transport attributes of the TlMo(Cl/Br) double perovskite was performed using Wien2k and BoltzTraP code. When the energy states between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic conditions are compared, it is evident that the ferromagnetic state exhibits lower energy levels.

The interaction between formylphenoxyacetic acid derivatives (chalcone and flavones) and ionic surfactants: Insights into binding constants, solubilisation and physiochemical properties.

In this study, UV-vis spectroscopy was employed to investigate the interaction between formylphenoxyacetic acid (FPAA) and its derivatives (chalcone and flavones) with ionic surfactants (SDS, CTAB, and DTAB) in different physiological environments. Changes in the physiochemical properties of FPAA chalcone and flavones including binding constants, partitioning constants, and Gibbs free energy were observed which were influenced by the presence of ionic surfactants computed using mathematical models. The solubilization of the targeted compounds in the ionic surfactants was determined through the binding constant (Kb).

Correction: Zaman et al. Synthesis and Evaluation of Thiol-Conjugated Poloxamer and Its Pharmaceutical Applications. 2021, , 693.

In the original publication, there was a mistake in one author name, Mohammed Alasmari should be Mohammed S [...

Advances in the Optimization of Fe Nanoparticles: Unlocking Antifungal Properties for Biomedical Applications.

In recent years, nanotechnology has achieved a remarkable status in shaping the future of biological applications, especially in combating fungal diseases. Owing to excellence in nanotechnology, iron nanoparticles (Fe NPs) have gained enormous attention in recent years. In this review, we have provided a comprehensive overview of Fe NPs covering key synthesis approaches and underlying working principles, the factors that influence their properties, essential characterization techniques, and the optimization of their antifungal potential.

Correction: Shakir et al. Exorbitant Drug Loading of Metformin and Sitagliptin in Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablet: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization in Healthy Volunteers. 2022, , 686.

In the original publication, a mistake was observed in Figure 5 as published [...

Effects of core muscles strengthening exercises with routine physical therapy on trunk balance in stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the effects of core muscle strengthening exercises with and without routine physical therapy on trunk balance in chronic stroke patients.

Methods: The randomised controlled trial was conducted at Mubarak Medical Complex, Sargodha, Pakistan, from October 28, 2021, to April 28, 2022, and comprised patients of either gender with chronic stroke aged 40-60 years. The subjects were randomised using the lottery method into group A that was managed with routine physical therapy, and group B which was further managed with core strengthening exercises.

Investigation of salt tolerance in cotton germplasm by analyzing agro-physiological traits and ERF genes expression.

The development of genotypes that can tolerate high levels of salt is crucial for the efficient use of salt-affected land and for enhancing crop productivity worldwide. Therefore, incorporating salinity tolerance is a critical trait that crops must possess. Salt resistance is a complex character, controlled by multiple genes both physiologically and genetically.

Trends in Traumatic Brain Injuries During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single-Center Review of Patient Charts From Pakistan.

Introduction A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of injury-related deaths, making it a public health concern of extreme importance. In a developing country such as Pakistan, TBIs are significantly underreported, with the treatment frequently being delayed and inadequate, especially in rural healthcare setups all across the country. This concern is further magnified by insufficient epidemiological data on TBIs available in Pakistan.

A Novel Deep Learning Approach for Forecasting Myocardial Infarction Occurrences with Time Series Patient Data.

Myocardial Infarction (MI) commonly referred to as a heart attack, results from the abrupt obstruction of blood supply to a section of the heart muscle, leading to the deterioration or death of the affected tissue due to a lack of oxygen. MI, poses a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly affecting the citizens of the Chittagong Metropolitan Area. The challenges lie in both prevention and treatment, as the emergence of MI has inflicted considerable suffering among residents.

Biodegradable MoN@Mo-foil electrodes for human-friendly supercapacitors.

With the advancement in the field of biomedical research, there is a growing demand for biodegradable electronic devices. Biodegradable supercapacitors (SCs) have emerged as an ideal solution for mitigating the risks associated with secondary surgeries, reducing patient discomfort, and promoting environmental sustainability. In this study, MoN@Mo-foil was prepared as an active material for biodegradable supercapacitors through high-temperature and nitridation processes.

NiO/MnFeO Nanocomposite Photoluminescence, Structural, Morphological, Magnetic, and Optical Properties: Photocatalytic Removal of Cresol Red under Visible Light Irradiation.

In this study, pure nickel oxide (NiO), manganese ferrite (MnFeO or MFO), and binary nickel oxide/manganese ferrite (NiO/MFO1-4) nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized using the Sol-Gel method. A comprehensive investigation into their photoluminescence, structural, morphological, magnetic, optical, and photocatalytic properties was conducted. Raman analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques were used to characterize the materials.

Enhancing storage and gastroprotective viability of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum encapsulated by sodium caseinate-inulin-soy protein isolates composites carried within carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel.

Probiotics are subjected to various edible coatings, especially proteins and polysaccharides, which serve as the predominant wall materials, with ultrasound, a sustainable green technology. Herein, sodium caseinate, inulin, and soy protein isolate composites were produced using multi-frequency ultrasound and utilized to encapsulateLactiplantibacillus plantarumto enhance its storage, thermal, and gastrointestinal viability. The physicochemical analyses revealed that the composites with 5 % soy protein isolate treated with ultrasound at 50 kHz exhibited enough repulsion forces to maintain stability, pH resistance, and the ability to encapsulate larger particles and possessed the highest encapsulation efficiency (95.

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles and study their anti-pathogenic properties against pathogens effect on plants and animals.

According to an estimate, 30% to 40%, of global fruit are wasted, leading to post harvest losses and contributing to economic losses ranging from $10 to $100 billion worldwide. Among, all fruits the discarded portion of oranges is around 20%. A novel and value addition approach to utilize the orange peels is in nanoscience.

Investigation of hybrid ultrasonic machining process of Nomex honeycomb composite using a toothed disc cutter.

Nomex honeycomb composite (NHC) has been increasingly used in the automotive, aerospace and defence applications due to its excellent thermal and mechanical properties. Its complex cellular hexagonal thin-walled configuration along with heterogeneous, soft and brittle nature pose substantial processing defects such as burr formation, tearing of walls, surface roughness, dimensional inaccuracy and low machining quality during conventional machining (CM). These surface defects have a substantial influence on the operating life and functional performance of its sandwiched structural members.

Circulating tumor DNA and its role in detection, prognosis and therapeutics of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered the fifth most prevalent cancer among all types of cancers and has the third most morbidity value. It has the most frequent duplication time and a high recurrence rate. Recently, the most unique technique used is liquid biopsies, which carry many markers; the most prominent is circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA).