Mitigative role of cysteamine against unilateral renal reperfusion injury in Wistar rats.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is unavoidable during kidney transplant and it is responsible for delayed or non-function after kidney transplantation. Cysteamine is the standard drug in the management of nephropathic cystinosis and its extra-renal complications. Thus, we designed this study to investigate its potential against renal reperfusion injury.

Genome-wide study of gene-by-sex interactions identifies risks for cleft palate.

Structural birth defects affect 3-4% of all live births and, depending on the type, tend to manifest in a sex-biased manner. Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are the most common craniofacial structural birth defects and are often divided into cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) and cleft palate only (CP). Previous studies have found sex-specific risks for CL/P, but these risks have yet to be evaluated in CP.

Audit of oral neoplasms in children and young adults in Nigeria.

Background: Orofacial neoplasms in children and young adults may differ significantly from those observed in adults. Our aim was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of histologically diagnosed orofacial neoplasms among children and young adults in Nigeria.

Methods: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study across geopolitical zones in Nigeria.

Prediabetes Associates with Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 Activation and Contributes to the Rapid Destruction of Periodontal Tissues.

Objective:  The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between periodontitis, potential periodontitis oral fluid biomarkers, and prediabetes.

Materials And Methods:  This study included 150 Greek adults aged 25 to 78 years who were tested with an Hemoglobin A1C (HBA1c) diagnostic system, an active-matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) point-of-care (PoC) test, and several salivary biomarkers enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests and gelatin zymography. A full-mouth clinical examination was performed to assess their periodontal and oral health status.

Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Male-Female Sex Ratio of Babies Born through Assisted Reproductive Technology.

Background: Until now, the sex ratio in a population is believed to be relatively stable with no male/female preponderance. There has been an increasing amount of evidence to suggest that assisted conception may significantly impact on sex ratio (SR). Several factors have been suggested to affect SR such as parental variables (paternal race, maternal age, and body mass index-(BMI), methods of fertilisation (in-vitro fertilisation/intracytoplasmic sperm injection), stage of embryo transfer (cleavage/blastocyst), type of IVF cycle (fresh/cryopreserved), medications used for controlled ovarian stimulation, poor sperm motility, and even culture media.

Assessment of Prevalence of Otitis Media with Effusion and Correlation Between Otoscopic Findings with Jerger's Diagnostic Tympanograms Among Pupils in Calabar Municipality.

Background: OME is an accumulation of serous or mucoid fluid in the middle ear cavity with an intact tympanic membrane and without any sign of acute infection.

Aims: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of otitis media with effusion among preschool and school-age children aged 1-10 years in private and public schools in Calabar municipality and the correlations between otoscopic findings and Jerger's diagnostic criteria among study participants.

Methods: This school-based descriptive cross-sectional study used a multistage sampling technique to recruit participants.

Comparing Skin Tones to Shades of Upper Anterior Teeth: An Observational Study among Nigerian Adults.

Background: Skin tones may be predictive of anterior tooth shade. An analysis of the relationship of skin tone to anterior tooth shade within a population may facilitate the prescription of complete dentures with optimal esthetics and realism.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the relationship between skin tones and shades of upper anterior teeth among a diverse Nigerian adult population.

Relationship Between Hematologic Inflammatory Markers and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria.

Introduction: Hematologic inflammatory biomarkers derived from a full blood count (FBC) are elevated in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). In low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria, a FBC is an affordable and easily available test, even in rural areas. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), a measure of glycemic control, has been found to correlate with hematologic inflammatory markers.

Correlation of Serum Uric Acid With Cardiovascular Risk in Nigerian Patients.

Background: Studies exploring the relationship between serum uric acid (sUA) and cardiovascular risk in the Nigerian population remain sparse. The study aimed to assess the association between sUA levels and two measures of cardiovascular risk, namely the Framingham 10-year Cardiovascular Risk Score (FRS) and the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP).

Methods: This retrospective study used data from clinical records of new, previously unregistered patients presenting at a private cardiac hospital over one year from November 2022 to October 2023.

Leadership style, change management and job performance of health information management practitioners in tertiary hospitals in South-East, Nigeria.

Purpose: Managing patients' health information is one of the building blocks of the health system and the adoption of health information technologies like electronic health records (EHRs) is expected to reduce the various challenges in keeping and accessing quality health-care data that aid decision-making among medical practitioners. This study aims to investigate how leadership styles and change management affected the job performance of health information management practitioners on their adoption of EHRs in tertiary hospitals in Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach: The study used primary data collected using a Likert scale questionnaire from 117 health information management officers and health information technicians in selected tertiary hospitals in South-Eastern Nigeria.

African Cultivated, Wild and Weedy Rice ( spp.): Anticipating Further Genomic Studies.

Rice is a staple crop in sub-Saharan Africa, and it is mostly produced by Asian cultivars of that were introduced to the continent around the fifteenth or sixteenth century. , the native African rice, has also been planted due to its valuable traits of insect and drought tolerance. Due to competition and resistance evolution, weedy rice has evolved from and , posing an increasing threat to rice production.

Research priorities to strengthen environmental cleaning in healthcare facilities: the CLEAN Group Consensus.

Environmental cleaning is essential to patient and health worker safety, yet it is a substantially neglected area in terms of knowledge, practice, and capacity-building, especially in resource-limited settings. Public health advocacy, research and investment are urgently needed to develop and implement cost-effective interventions to improve environmental cleanliness and, thus, overall healthcare quality and safety. We outline here the CLEAN Group Consensus exercise yielding twelve urgent research questions, grouped into four thematic areas: standards, system strengthening, behaviour change, and innovation.

Source identification and human exposure assessment of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticisers in soil and outdoor dust from Nigerian e-waste dismantling and dumpsites.

Electronic waste (e-waste) dismantling and dumpsite processes are major sources of organophosphate flame retardant and plasticiser emissions and may pose potentially adverse effects on environment and human health. In 20 outdoor dust and 49 soil samples collected from four e-waste dismantling and three e-waste dumpsites in two States of Nigeria (Lagos and Ogun), we identified 13 alternative plasticisers (APs), 7 legacy phthalate plasticisers (LPs), and 17 organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) for the first time in African e-waste streams. In the samples from dismantling sites, the range (median) concentrations of ∑APs, ∑LPs, and ∑OPFRs were 11-2747 μg/g (144 μg/g), 11-396 μg/g (125 μg/g), and 0.

A cross-sectional study of healthcare provider perceptions of the management of epilepsy in pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: Epilepsy prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa is high with a significant treatment gap. In this context, epilepsy presents substantial challenges to effective and safe reproductive and maternal healthcare. To improve this, it is important to understand the views and perceptions of healthcare professionals delivering epilepsy care to this population.

Short-term in situ Exposure of Guinean Tilapia and Blue Crab Near a Sawmill Wastes-impacted Coastal Ecosystem Reveal Significant Oxidative Stress Effects.

Coastal ecosystems are characterized by various human activities with potential adverse impacts. This study aimed to evaluate the potential oxidative stress effects in representative aquatic biota deployed in situ at a sawmill wastes dump (test site) and reference site in a coastal ecosystem for a short term (28 days) period. PAHs and OCPs were analysed using GC-FID and GC-MS respectively in surface water and sediments.