Data storage architectures to accelerate chemical discovery: data accessibility for individual laboratories and the community.

As buzzwords like "big data," "machine learning," and "high-throughput" expand through chemistry, chemists need to consider more than ever their data storage, data management, and data accessibility, whether in their own laboratories or with the broader community. While it is commonplace for chemists to use spreadsheets for data storage and analysis, a move towards database architectures ensures that the data can be more readily findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR). However, making this move has several challenges for those with limited-to-no knowledge of computer programming and databases.

Evaluation of blood-based, extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for aging-related TDP-43 pathology.

Introduction: Limbic predominant age related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathological change (LATE-NC) is a recently characterized brain disease that mimics Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinically. To date, LATE-NC is difficult to diagnose antemortem using clinical information or biomarkers. Recent studies suggest concentrations of extracellular vesicle (EVs) protein cargo derived from neuronal and glial cells may serve as useful diagnostic biomarkers for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.

MRI free water as a biomarker for cognitive performance: Validation in the MarkVCID consortium.

Introduction: To evaluate the clinical validity of free water (FW), a diffusion tensor imaging-based biomarker kit proposed by the MarkVCID consortium, by investigating the association between mean FW (mFW) and executive function.

Methods: Baseline mFW was related to a baseline composite measure of executive function (EFC), adjusting for relevant covariates, in three MarkVCID sub-cohorts, and replicated in five, large, independent legacy cohorts. In addition, we tested whether baseline mFW predicted accelerated EFC score decline (mean follow-up time: 1.

Genetic expression changes and pathologic findings associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in human autopsy brain tissue.

Introduction: Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) are a leading cause of dementia. An underappreciated, modifiable risk factor for VCID is hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), defined by elevated levels of plasma homocysteine, most often due to impaired B vitamin absorption in aged persons. Studies aimed at identifying neuropathologic features and gene expression profiles associated with HHcy have been lacking.

Deep learning algorithm reveals probabilities of stage-specific time to conversion in individuals with neurodegenerative disease LATE.

Introduction: Limbic-predominant age-related TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) encephalopathy (LATE) is a recently defined neurodegenerative disease. Currently, there is no effective way to make a prognosis of time to stage-specific future conversions at an individual level.

Methods: After using the Kaplan-Meier estimation and log-rank test to confirm the heterogeneity of LATE progression, we developed a deep learning-based approach to assess the stage-specific probabilities of time to LATE conversions for different subjects.

Motif-based zwitterionic peptides impact their structure and immunogenicity.

The linkage of zwitterionic peptides containing alternating glutamic acid (E) and lysine (K) amino acids exhibits protective effects on protein drugs due to their high hydration capacity. Previously, short EK peptides covering the surface of a protein drug showed significant protective effects and low immunogenicity. However, for high-molecular-weight single-chain (HMWSC) zwitterionic peptides, the incorporation of structure-disrupting amino acids such as proline (P), serine (S), and glycine (G) is necessary to improve their protective ability.

Dysregulated Genes, MicroRNAs, Biological Pathways, and Gastrocnemius Muscle Fiber Types Associated With Progression of Peripheral Artery Disease: A Preliminary Analysis.

Background Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with gastrocnemius muscle abnormalities. However, the biological pathways associated with gastrocnemius muscle dysfunction and their associations with progression of PAD are largely unknown. This study characterized differential gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression in gastrocnemius biopsies from people without PAD compared with those with PAD.

Seed dormancy and germination of the endangered exceptional Hawaiian lobelioid .

Premise: The Campanulaceae (Lobelioideae) is the Hawaiian plant family with the most endangered and extinct species. Although seeds of Hawaiian lobelioids are desiccation tolerant, the species are exceptional (i.e.

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Garcinia cambogia extracts in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rat model.

Background And Objectives: Diabetes mellitus, a global health problem, is associated with metabolic complications such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and loss of vision. The present study evaluated the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of ethanol extract of (L.) N.

Acute and chronic toxicity studies on ethanolic leaf extracts of and in Swiss albino mice.

Background And Objectives: To evaluate the safe dose range of and ethanolic leaf extracts of acute and chronic oral toxicity study in Swiss Albino mice.

Materials And Methods: The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guideline was used for the toxicity studies. C.

Association of Chemotherapy Regimen Intensity and Use of Psychotropic Medications in Pediatric Oncology Patients.

Objective: Pediatric oncology patients endure treatments that may include chemotherapy, surgery, radiation, and transplant. These treatment modalities often have an effect on a patient's mental health. To date, little is known or published about the association between certain cancer treatment regimens and the use of psychotropic medications.

Non-targeted hepatitis C virus screening in acute care healthcare settings in the Southern Appalachian region.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of non-targeted hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening in emergency departments (EDs) and other healthcare settings in terms of patients identified with HCV infection and linked to HCV care.

Methods: In the Southern Appalachian region of the United States, we developed non-targeted HCV screening and linkage-to-care programs in 10 institutions at different healthcare settings, including EDs, outpatient clinics, and inpatient units. Serum samples were tested for HCV antibodies, and if positive, reflexed to HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) testing as a confirmatory test for active infection.

E2SGAN: EEG-to-SEEG translation with generative adversarial networks.

High-quality brain signal data recorded by Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) electrodes provide clinicians with clear guidance for presurgical assessments for epilepsy surgeries. SEEG, however, is limited to selected patients with epilepsy due to its invasive procedure. In this work, a brain signal synthesis framework is presented to synthesize SEEG signals from non-invasive EEG signals.

Patient-Reported Pulmonary Symptoms, Exacerbations, and Management in a Cohort of Patients With Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency.

Rationale: Identifying pulmonary exacerbations in patients with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is critical as they are associated with disease progression and poor health-related quality of life. Not all changes in usual respiratory symptoms will be identified as exacerbations by patients with AATD.

Methods: Data collected via regular monthly telephone calls during the first year of the AlphaNet Step Forward Study were analyzed.

The legacy effect of synthetic N fertiliser.

Unlabelled: Cumulative crop recovery of synthetic fertiliser nitrogen (N) over several cropping seasons (legacy effect) generally receives limited attention. The increment in crop N uptake after the first-season uptake from fertiliser can be expressed as a fraction (∆RE) of the annual N application rate. This study aims to quantify ∆RE using data from nine long-term experiments (LTEs).

Preserving avian blood and DNA sampled in the wild: A survey of personal experiences.

Collecting and storing biological material from wild animals in a way that does not deteriorate DNA quality for subsequent analyses is instrumental for research in ecology and evolution. Our aims were to gather reports on the effectiveness of methods commonly used by researchers for the field collection and long-term storage of blood samples and DNA extracts from wild birds. Personal experiences were collected with an online survey targeted specifically at researchers sampling wild birds.

Seed germination thermal niche differs among nine populations of an annual plant: A modeling approach.

Germination timing is an important determinant of survival and niche breadth of plants. The annual plant occurs in diverse environments along a steep temperature gradient and thus is a suitable model for the study of germination behavior in response to temperature. We used a modeling approach to compare the germination thermal niche of seeds of nine populations of produced in a common garden.

The posterior tibial artery free flap for head and neck reconstruction.

Purpose: The posterior tibial artery free flap (PTAFF) has been a mainstay of lower extremity reconstruction. Over the past 30 years, it has been intermittently used for head and neck reconstruction with recent renewed interest given its versatility.

Recent Findings: Use of the PTAFF in head and neck reconstruction is expanding along with the continued evolution of microvascular techniques.

Healthcare disparities for the development of airway stenosis from the medical intensive care unit.

Objectives/hypothesis: To identify sociodemographic factors associated with the development of airway stenosis (AS) among intubated medical intensive care unit (MICU) patients.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: A retrospective review of adult MICU intubated patients from 2013 to 2019 at a single academic institution was performed.

Steerable versus nonsteerable sheath technology in atrial fibrillation ablation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Catheter placement and stability are well-known challenges in atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. As a result, steerable sheaths (SS) were developed to improve catheter stabilization and maintain proper catheter-tissue contact. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to see if employing a SS influences procedure outcome.

Effect of iron deficiency anaemia over glycated hemoglobin in non-diabetic women.

Background: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a form of hemoglobin bound to glucose and used as an index of glycaemic control reflecting glucose levels of the previous three months. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the commonest form of anemia that affects HbA1c. Reports on the effects of IDA on HbA1c levels are inconsistent in India.

Digital Implant Dentistry Predoctoral Program at University of Kentucky.

This report describes the predoctoral comprehensive digital implant dentistry program at the University of Kentucky, College of Dentistry (UKCD). UKCD has implemented a digital dentistry workflow in the dental curriculum for predoctoral and graduate programs since 2018. Digital implant dentistry education involves using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for diagnosis and treatment planning, intraoral scanner for digital impression, and treatment planning software to plan for single implant-supported restorations and implant-retained mandibular overdenture cases.

Conventional Vasopressor and Vasopressor-Sparing Strategies to Counteract the Blood Pressure-Lowering Effect of Small Interfering RNA Targeting Angiotensinogen.

Background A single dose of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting liver angiotensinogen eliminates hepatic angiotensinogen and lowers blood pressure. Angiotensinogen elimination raises concerns for clinical application because an angiotensin rise is needed to maintain perfusion pressure during hypovolemia. Here, we investigated whether conventional vasopressors can raise arterial pressure after angiotensinogen depletion.