Introduction to the themed collection on antimicrobial resistance.

Guest editors Jayanta Haldar, Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova and Micha Fridman introduce the themed collection on 'Antibiotic microbial resistance'.

Religion, Psychiatric Symptoms, and Gender Role Conflict Among Incarcerated Black Men.

Extant literature is mixed on the role of religiosity as a protective factor for mental health concerns and the effectiveness of faith-based prison programs on a reduction in recidivism. Religiosity and psychiatric symptoms are associated with gender role conflict, yet little is known about these relationships among Black incarcerated men. Undergirded by gender role conflict theory, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between religiosity, 30-day psychiatric symptoms, and three measures of gender role conflict: emotional restrictiveness, work-family conflict, and affectionate behavior towards men.

An anti-glioblastoma gold(i)-NHC complex distorts mitochondrial morphology and bioenergetics to induce tumor growth inhibition.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most lethal brain cancer subtype, often advanced by the time of initial diagnosis. Existing treatment modalities including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation have been stymied by recurrence, metastasis, drug resistance and brain targetability. Here, we report a geometrically distinct Au(i) complex ligated by N^N-bidentate ligands and supported by a N-heterocyclic ligand that modulates mitochondrial morphology to inhibit GBM and .

Association of Plasma Aβ/Aβ Ratio and Late-Onset Epilepsy: Results From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.

Background And Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between plasma β-amyloid (Aβ), specifically the ratio of 2 Aβ peptides (the Aβ/Aβ ratio, which correlates with increased accumulation of Aβ in the CNS), and late-onset epilepsy (LOE).

Methods: We used Medicare fee-for-service claims codes from 1991 to 2018 to identify cases of LOE among 1,424 Black and White men and women enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study cohort. The Aβ/Aβ ratio was calculated from plasma samples collected from ARIC participants in 1993-1995 (age 50-71 years) and 2011-2013 (age 67-90 years).

Correction: Optimization and characterization of miRNA-129-5p-encapsulated poly (lactic--glycolic acid) nanoparticles to reprogram activated microglia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D3NA00149K.].

Solvatomorphism and first-time observation of acid-acid catemer in 4-phenylamino-benzoic acids.

To investigate the polymorphism in 4-phenylamino-benzoic acids (4-PABAs) in general, and the effect on the polymorphism of these compounds exerted by substitution in particular, a series of 4-PABAs (1-8) varying in the substitution position and pattern were synthesized, and their polymorphic behavior was investigated for the first time. A relatively comprehensive polymorph screening led to the discovery of two forms, one solvent-free and the other solvate, for compounds 1, 3 and 8, and one form for the other compounds. The crystal structures were determined by single-crystal XRD.

Efficacy of 15% lysine cream in treating diabetic foot ulcers: a randomized interventional study.

Background And Objective: Lysine is an essential amino acid involved in several biochemical pathways. It has been shown to enhance blood supply and target growth factors, leading to improved wound healing. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a 15% lysine cream in treating diabetic foot ulcers, as measured by the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT).

Lead Cap Use in Interventional Cardiology: Time to Protect Our Head in the Cardiac Catheterisation Laboratory?

: Radiation exposure is an occupational hazard for interventional cardiologists and cardiac catheterisation laboratory staff that can manifest with serious long-term health consequences. Personal protective equipment, including lead jackets and glasses, is common, but the use of radiation protective lead caps is inconsistent. : A systematic review qualitative assessment of five observational studies using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines protocol was performed.

Distinct Effects of Mitochondrial Na/Ca Exchanger Inhibition and Ca Uniporter Activation on Ca Sparks and Arrhythmogenesis in Diabetic Rats.

Background Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the cardiac remodeling triggered by type 2 diabetes (T2D). Mitochondrial Ca concentration ([Ca]) modulates the oxidative state and cytosolic Ca regulation. Thus, we investigated how T2D affects mitochondrial Ca fluxes, the downstream consequences on myocyte function, and the effects of normalizing mitochondrial Ca transport.

Optimization and characterization of miRNA-129-5p-encapsulated poly (lactic--glycolic acid) nanoparticles to reprogram activated microglia.

Microglia have become a therapeutic target of many inflammation-mediated diseases in the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, microRNA (miRNA) has been proposed as an important regulator of immune responses. Specifically, miRNA-129-5p has been shown to play critical roles in the regulation of microglia activation.

Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for In-Stent Restenosis Versus De Novo Lesions: A Meta-Analysis.

Background In-stent restenosis (ISR) is commonly encountered even in the era of contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). There is a paucity of data on the comparative outcomes of PCI for ISR lesions versus de novo lesions. Methods and Results An electronic search was conducted for MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Embase through August 2022 for studies comparing the clinical outcomes after PCI for ISR versus de novo lesions.

Risk factors for developing subglottic and tracheal stenosis from the medical intensive care unit.

Objective: Endotracheal intubation is a common procedure in the medical intensive care unit (MICU), but it carries risk of complications including, but not limited to, subglottic stenosis (SGS) and tracheal stenosis (TS). Current literature suggests identifiable risk factors for the development of airway complications. This study is a comprehensive evaluation of potential risk factors in patients who developed SGS and TS following endotracheal intubation in our MICU.

Plasma TDP-43 levels are associated with neuroimaging measures of brain structure in limbic regions.

Introduction: We evaluated the relationship between plasma levels of transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) and neuroimaging (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) measures of brain structure in aging.

Methods: Plasma samples were collected from 72 non-demented older adults (age range 60-94 years) in the University of Kentucky Alzheimer's Disease Research Center cohort. Multivariate linear regression models were run with plasma TDP-43 level as the predictor variable and brain structure (volumetric or cortical thickness) measurements as the dependent variable.

Differential involvement of hippocampal subfields in the relationship between Alzheimer's pathology and memory interference in older adults.

Introduction: We tested whether Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology predicts memory deficits in non-demented older adults through its effects on medial temporal lobe (MTL) subregional volume.

Methods: Thirty-two, non-demented older adults with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (amyloid-beta [Aβ]/Aβ, phosphorylated tau [p-tau], total tau [t-tau]), positron emission tomography (PET; 18F-florbetapir), high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neuropsychological assessment were analyzed. We examined relationships between biomarkers and a highly granular measure of memory consolidation, retroactive interference (RI).

Crizotinib induces Par-4 secretion from normal cells and GRP78 expression on the cancer cell surface for selective tumor growth inhibition.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Lung cancer cells develop resistance to apoptosis by suppressing the secretion of the tumor suppressor Par-4 protein (also known as PAWR) and/or down-modulating the Par-4 receptor GRP78 on the cell surface (csGRP78). We sought to identify FDA-approved drugs that elevate csGRP78 on the surface of lung cancer cells and induce Par-4 secretion from the cancer cells and/or normal cells in order to inhibit cancer growth in an autocrine or paracrine manner.

Detecting Tweets Containing Cannabidiol-Related COVID-19 Misinformation Using Transformer Language Models and Warning Letters From Food and Drug Administration: Content Analysis and Identification.

Background: COVID-19 has introduced yet another opportunity to web-based sellers of loosely regulated substances, such as cannabidiol (CBD), to promote sales under false pretenses of curing the disease. Therefore, it has become necessary to innovate ways to identify such instances of misinformation.

Objective: We sought to identify COVID-19 misinformation as it relates to the sales or promotion of CBD and used transformer-based language models to identify tweets semantically similar to quotes taken from known instances of misinformation.

Quantitative fluoride imaging of teeth using CaF emission by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy.

In this work, we propose the use of molecular emission of calcium fluoride (CaF) by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to obtain quantitative fluoride distribution images of teeth. LIBS has proved to be an efficient technique to detect low amounts of fluoride in solids, and human teeth have the advantage being a matrix rich in calcium. We used new calibration material from sintered hydroxyapatite pellets doped with fluoride to determine the optimized LIBS conditions of argon flow at 1 L min and using the green emission bands of CaF in 530 nm, and obtained a calibration curve between 0 and 400 μg g, and LOD of 18 μg g.

A new genus van Achterberg (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae), six new species, and two new combinations from India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

A new genus of the tribe Alysiini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae) is described with specimens from India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam, and six new species are described: (type species), , , , , and . We transfer one species from to : (Papp, 1967) from Singapore and one species from to : (Fischer, 2006) from Malaysia, Laos, Indonesia and Vietnam. A key to the genus of is included.

Influence of natal habitat preference on habitat selection during extra-home range movements in a large ungulate.

Natal habitat preference induction (NHPI) occurs when animals exhibit a preference for new habitat that is similar to that which they experienced in their natal environment, potentially leading to post-dispersal success. While the study of NHPI is typically focused on post-settlement home ranges, we investigated how this behavior may manifest during extra-home range movements (EHRMs), both to identify exploratory prospecting behavior and assess how natal habitat cues may influence path selection before settlement. We analyzed GPS collar relocation data collected during 79 EHRMs made by 34 juvenile and subadult white-tailed deer () across an agricultural landscape with highly fragmented forests in Illinois, USA.

The anti-breast cancer stem cell properties of gold(i)-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug complexes.

The anti-breast cancer stem cell (CSC) properties of a series of gold(i) complexes comprising various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and triphenylphosphine 1-8 are reported. The most effective gold(i)-NSAID complex 1, containing indomethacin, exhibits greater potency for breast CSCs than bulk breast cancer cells (up to 80-fold). Furthermore, 1 reduces mammosphere viability to a better extent than a panel of clinically used breast cancer drugs and salinomycin, an established anti-breast CSC agent.

Data storage architectures to accelerate chemical discovery: data accessibility for individual laboratories and the community.

As buzzwords like "big data," "machine learning," and "high-throughput" expand through chemistry, chemists need to consider more than ever their data storage, data management, and data accessibility, whether in their own laboratories or with the broader community. While it is commonplace for chemists to use spreadsheets for data storage and analysis, a move towards database architectures ensures that the data can be more readily findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR). However, making this move has several challenges for those with limited-to-no knowledge of computer programming and databases.