Evaluating post-cardiac arrest blood pressure thresholds associated with neurologic outcome in children: Insights from the pediRES-Q database.

Background: Current Pediatric Advanced Life Support Guidelines recommend maintaining blood pressure (BP) above the 5th percentile for age following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest (CA). Emerging evidence suggests that targeting higher thresholds, such as the 10th or 25th percentiles, may improve neurologic outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the association between post-ROSC BP thresholds and neurologic outcome, hypothesizing that maintaining mean arterial pressure (MAP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) above these thresholds would be associated with improved outcomes at hospital discharge.

Electrodiagnostic Testing Predicts Postdecompression Outcomes in Patients With Cubital Tunnel Syndrome.

Purpose: Electrodiagnostic (EDX) testing is commonly used in conjunction with symptoms and physical examination findings to diagnose cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between preoperative EDX diagnosis and the degree of Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) improvement after surgery within the CuTS patient population.

Methods: A retrospective review was designed to analyze patients from a single institution who underwent a cubital tunnel release.

Inadequate Intensification of LDL-cholesterol lowering therapy after coronary revascularization: Insights from the GOULD registry.

Background: Patients with a history of coronary revascularization are at a higher risk for subsequent cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Lowering LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels post-revascularization significantly reduces these risks.

Methods: This analysis compared LDL-C-lowering therapies at baseline and over time among patients with and without prior coronary revascularization in the GOULD registry (a prospective multicenter cohort study).

The TLR7/8 agonist INI-4001 enhances the immunogenicity of a Powassan virus-like-particle vaccine.

Powassan virus (POWV) is a pathogenic tick-borne flavivirus that causes fatal neuroinvasive disease in humans. There are currently no approved therapies or vaccines for POWV infection. Here, we develop a POW virus-like-particle (POW-VLP) based vaccine adjuvanted with the novel synthetic Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist INI-4001.

Risky Remedy: Rasburicase-Induced Methemoglobinemia in Tumor Lysis Syndrome Complicated by G6PD Deficiency.

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a critical oncologic emergency characterized by metabolic disturbances resulting from rapid cancer cell lysis. Rasburicase, a recombinant urate oxidase, is the primary treatment for hyperuricemia in TLS but poses a risk for methemoglobinemia in patients with glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. We present the case of a 59-year-old male with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who developed spontaneous TLS.

Effects of Socioeconomic Deprivation on UTUC Staging, Mortality, and Recurrence.

Objectives: To determine whether the area deprivation index (ADI), a surrogate for socioeconomic status (SES) associated with patient residence, affected UTUC staging, recurrence rates, and mortality.

Methods: Patients undergoing radical nephroureterectomy or ureterectomy for UTUC at a single institution between February 2010 to August 2021 were classified by ADI. A 50 percentile cut-off of ADI classified patients as "advantaged" or "disadvantaged.

Understanding and Addressing Mental Health Disparities and Stigma in Serious Illness and Palliative Care.

Patients receiving palliative care experience stigma associated with their illness, personal identity, and healthcare utilization. These stigmas can occur at any stage of the disease process. Varying stigmas combine to cause palliative care patients to feel misunderstood, contribute to treatment barriers, and further negative stereotypes held by clinicians.

Assessing the relationship between multimorbidity, psychosocial variables, and clinical outcomes among older adults living in rural Appalachia.

The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between multimorbidity, psychosocial variables, and clinical outcomes among older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in rural Appalachia. Point-of-care clinical data (e.g.

Data reporting quality and semantic interoperability increase with community-based data elements (CoDEs). Analysis of the open data commons for spinal cord injury (ODC-SCI).

Data interoperability is crucial for effectively combining data for scientific inquiry. To facilitate interoperability, data standards such as a common definition of variables are often developed. The Open Data Commons for Spinal Cord Injury (odc-sci.

The Redesigned American Board of Radiology 16-month Pathway in Nuclear Radiology: Initial Outcomes (2017-2022).

Launched on July 1, 2017, the redesigned American Board of Radiology 16-month Pathway in Nuclear Radiology is flourishing. The original goal of this accelerated training pathway was to help meet the ever-growing demand for nuclear radiology subspecialists in academic and community practices. As of March 1, 2024, 125 graduates of the 16-month pathway had achieved specialty certification in either diagnostic radiology or interventional radiology/diagnostic radiology; nearly 60% had also attained advanced certification in nuclear radiology and/or nuclear medicine.

Bilirubin bioconversion to urobilin in the gut-liver-kidney axis: A biomarker for insulin resistance in the Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome.

The rising rates of obesity worldwide have increased the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), making it the number one cause of death. Higher plasma bilirubin levels have been shown to prevent metabolic dysfunction and CVD. However, reducing levels leads to deleterious outcomes, possibly due to reduced bilirubin half-life that escalates the production of its catabolized product, urobilinogen, produced by gut bacteria and naturally oxidized to urobilin.

Neurologic Decline After Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injuries (SCI) affect the anatomy and physiology of the spinal cord and result in characteristic changes. Identifying the impairments resulting from SCI is vital for the health care provider. Specifically, this article focuses on neurologic decline after SCI in the subacute to chronic stages.

Correlates of Subjective Cognitive Decline in Black American Men.

Background: Past research suggests that subjective cognitive decline serves as an early and potentially important indicator that individuals may be at risk for future cognitive decline or neurodegenerative conditions. However, there is a dearth of studies on factors influencing the experience of subjective cognitive decline in Black Americans, especially in Black American men.

Objective: The current study explored correlates of subjective cognitive decline in Black American men.

Contingency management for monosubstance use disorders: Systematic review and assessment of predicted versus obtained effects.

Contingency management (CM) is notably successful as a substance use disorder treatment and is most effective when targeting monosubstance use. Evidence suggests the effects of CM exceed predictions based on the value of the incentives delivered for monosubstance abstinence. In this systematic review, we examine common variations of CM interventions applied to a single substance to determine what factors may contribute to the larger effect.

CAA-ri Masquerading as a High-Grade Glioma: A Case Report.

This case describes a 76-year-old male with initial clinical concern for a high-grade glioma, who was ultimately diagnosed with cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation The patient's presentation included a tonic-clonic seizure followed by aphasia and right-sided hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance brain imaging demonstrated a large left frontal lesion with parenchymal contrast enhancement. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated elevated choline to creatine and choline to N-acetyl aspartate ratios, further suggestive of high-grade glioma.

Respiratory disease in people with bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

People with bipolar disorder (BD) have an increased risk of premature mortality and the respiratory mortality rate is higher than those of the general population. To date, however, the evidence on respiratory disease in this population has not been meta-analyzed. We systematically review and meta-analyze the frequency of respiratory diseases in patients with BD and to compare prevalence and odds ratio (OR) with the general population.

Effect of mitochondrial oxidative stress on regulatory T cell manufacturing for clinical application in transplantation: Results from a pilot study.

The manufacturing process of regulatory T (Treg) cells for clinical application begins with the positive selection of CD25 cells using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-conjugated anti-CD25 antibodies (spCD25) and immunomagnetic cell separation technology. Our findings revealed that the interaction of spCD25 with its cell target induced the internalization of the complex spCD25-interleukin-2 receptor. Accumulation of intracellular spCD25 triggered oxidative stress, causing delayed Treg expansion and temporary reduction in suppressor activity.

Health Care for People Who Are Incarcerated: Teaching Third-Year Medical Students About Rights, Challenges, and Avenues of Advocacy.

Introduction: Incarcerated patients are a vulnerable patient population with unique barriers to health care that physicians in every specialty encounter. Current medical school curricula lack universal education on health care for incarcerated people.

Methods: We developed an interactive workshop to provide third-year medical students at the University of Kentucky with information about delivering care outside of dedicated carceral settings to individuals who are incarcerated.