Sex Differences in Long COVID.

Importance: A substantial number of individuals worldwide experience long COVID, or post-COVID condition. Other postviral and autoimmune conditions have a female predominance, but whether the same is true for long COVID, especially within different subgroups, is uncertain.

Objective: To evaluate sex differences in the risk of developing long COVID among adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Breath Tests to Detect Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious infection and one of the world's leading causes of death from a single infectious agent. Currently, TB diagnosis can be established via mycobacterial cultures, Acid Fast Bacilli smear and molecular studies. In the ever-evolving landscape of medical advancements, breath tests have shown considerable promise.

Sonographer Experiences of Interprofessional Ultrasound Education: A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) technology has evolved rapidly and is being embraced by many health professionals as a valuable clinical tool. Sonographers are now teaching ultrasound skills to other health professionals in the clinical setting, including doctors, nurses, midwives, paramedics, and physiotherapists. The purpose of this study was to understand the breadth of the opportunities, transitions, and challenges experienced by sonographer educators navigating new interprofessional teaching roles.

Exploring low barrier quantum tunneling and structural planarity in 3-methylstyrene conformers: Insights from microwave spectroscopy.

The first ground-state rotational spectrum of 3-methylstyrene (3MS) was measured by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy under supersonic jet-cooled conditions. Transitions were assigned for two conformers: cis-3MS and trans-3MS. In the cis conformer, the vinyl group is oriented toward the methyl group, while in the trans conformer, it is positioned away from the methyl.

Analysis of Factors Affecting Prolonged Air Leak and Expansion Failure in the Lung after Resection in Patients with Pulmonary Malignancy and Predictive Value of Preoperative Quantitative Chest Computed Tomography.

Background:  The factors affecting the prolonged air leak (PAL) and expansion failure in the lung in patients undergoing resection for lung malignancy were analyzed. In this context, the value of the percentage of low attenuation area (LAA%) measured on preoperative quantitative chest computed tomography (Q-: CT) in predicting the development of postoperative PAL and the expansion time of the remaining lung (ET) in patients undergoing resection for lung malignancy was investigated.

Methods:  The data of 202 cases who underwent lung resection between July 2020 and December 2022 were analyzed.

Trust in scientists and their role in society across 68 countries.

Science is crucial for evidence-based decision-making. Public trust in scientists can help decision makers act on the basis of the best available evidence, especially during crises. However, in recent years the epistemic authority of science has been challenged, causing concerns about low public trust in scientists.

Perceptions of science, science communication, and climate change attitudes in 68 countries - the TISP dataset.

Science is integral to society because it can inform individual, government, corporate, and civil society decision-making on issues such as public health, new technologies or climate change. Yet, public distrust and populist sentiment challenge the relationship between science and society. To help researchers analyse the science-society nexus across different geographical and cultural contexts, we undertook a cross-sectional population survey resulting in a dataset of 71,922 participants in 68 countries.

Validated LC-MS/MS methodology for the quantification of CBD, trace level THCA and UK controlled cannabinoids (Δ-THC, Δ-THC, CBN and THCV) in food samples.

Products containing cannabidiol (CBD) have become increasingly popular due to consumer-perceived benefits of improving health and well-being. More specifically in the United Kingdom (UK), CBD food products are categorised as . For these products to remain on the market, they must have authorisation from the Food Standards Agency on the basis that they are safe, correctly labelled, and do not contain substances classified under controlled drugs legislation in accordance with any existing or future Home Office guidance.

Isolated Medial Malleolar Fractures: Current Concepts in Management.

Isolated medial malleolar fractures (IMMFs) are uncommon and often occur with other ankle injuries, complicating their treatment and management. This review aims to compare the complication rates and functional outcomes of surgical versus conservative treatment for IMMFs in skeletally mature patients. The literature suggests that for IMMFs with less than 2 mm of displacement, conservative treatment provides functional outcomes similar to surgical interventions, with minimal complications.

Examining psychological correlates of vaccine hesitancy: a comparative study between the US and Israel.

It is important to identify psychological correlates of vaccine hesitancy, including among people not from the United States (U.S.).

Chemisorption and physisorption of alcohols on iron(III) oxide-terminated surfaces from nonpolar solvents.

Hypothesis: The adsorption isotherm of alkanols at the haematite|hydrocarbon interface should reflect both chemisorption (chemically bonded fraction) and physisorption (hydrogen bonded fraction).

Experiments And Model: Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) have been used for characterization of FeO|hydrocarbon interfaces with absorbed alcohol. A range of FeO-terminated surfaces, alkanols, hydrocarbons and temperatures have been investigated.

Robust peptide/RNA complexes prepared with microfluidic mixing for pulmonary delivery by nebulisation.

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) have drawn considerable attention in recent years due to their ability to modulate the expression of specific disease-related proteins. However, it is difficult to find safe, robust, and effective RNA delivery systems suitable for pulmonary delivery to treat lung diseases. In this study, two cationic peptides, namely LAH4-L1 and PEGKL4, were employed as non-viral vectors for siRNA and mRNA delivery.

Compounding strain: The impact of caregiver strain on health outcomes in older adults with new cancer diagnoses.

Introduction: We sought to examine the association between pre-existing caregiving strain levels and care recipient health outcomes following a new cancer diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: We used the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) linked with the National Study of Caregiving (NSOC) and Medicare claims to identify older adults receiving family caregiving within one year before an index cancer diagnosis. Caregiving strain was determined using NSOC items of self-reported emotional, physical, and financial difficulties measured before the cancer diagnosis.

Understanding the role of metabolic syndrome in prostate cancer risk: A UK Biobank prospective cohort study.

Predictive value of metabolic syndrome for prostate cancer risk is not clear. We aimed to assess the association between metabolic syndrome and its components with prostate cancer incidence. The primary outcome was prostate cancer incidence, i.

Interferon-α promotes HLA-B-restricted presentation of conventional and alternative antigens in human pancreatic β-cells.

Interferon (IFN)-α is the earliest cytokine signature observed in individuals at risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D), but the effect of IFN-α on the antigen repertoire of HLA Class I (HLA-I) in pancreatic β-cells is unknown. Here we characterize the HLA-I antigen presentation in resting and IFN-α-exposed β-cells and find that IFN-α increases HLA-I expression and expands peptide repertoire to those derived from alternative mRNA splicing, protein cis-splicing and post-translational modifications. While the resting β-cell immunopeptidome is dominated by HLA-A-restricted peptides, IFN-α largely favors HLA-B and only marginally upregulates HLA-A, translating into increased HLA-B-restricted peptide presentation and activation of HLA-B-restricted CD8 T cells.

Self-directed violence and unclear intent presentation within a major trauma system. A multisite analysis.

Background: Determining trauma as an act of Self-directed violence (SDV) or from high risk or unclear behaviours is challenging for trauma clinicians and may be affected by patient sex and mechanism of injury. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in characteristics and outcomes between those who have intentionally directed violence towards themselves with those of unclear intent, within a regional trauma system.

Methods: Data was collected between January 2018 and December 2021 in patients who had been identified as a result of either self-directed violence (SDV) defined as any intentional act that can cause injury to one's self, including death or participated in high-risk behaviours, where the intent was unclear (UI).

Idiopathic Coronary Sinus Thrombosis.

A 62-year-old man with acute coronary syndrome underwent an echocardiogram for evaluation. A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed masses within a giant coronary sinus. This case highlights the role of multimodality imaging in investigating coronary sinus enlargement, coronary sinus thrombosis, and the approach to management.

Exploring the relationship between melanopsin gene variants, sleep, and markers of brain health.

Introduction: Melanopsin is a photopigment with roles in mediating sleep and circadian-related processes, which are often disrupted in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Melanopsin also impacts cognition and synaptogenesis. This study investigated the associations between melanopsin genetic variants, sleep, and markers of brain health.

Outcomes in Patients With Henoch-Schönlein Purpura After Kidney Transplantation: A Propensity Score Matched Study.

Aim: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) nephritis leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in upto 3% of cases, necessitating kidney transplantation (KT). This study compared graft and patient survival outcomes between HSP and non-HSP KT recipients and identified factors associated with HSP recurrence.

Methods: Data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) were analysed for adult and paediatric KT patients listed between January 2005 and April 2021.

Self-Bias and Self-Related Mentalizing are Unaltered in Adolescents with Autism.

Purpose: The self is a multidimensional concept that can be represented at a pre-reflective (first-order) level, at a deeper, reflective level (second-order), or even at a meta-level (representing one's own thoughts, i.e. self-related mentalizing).

Knowledge translation in Anglo-American paramedicine: a scoping review.

Objective: To map what is currently known about knowledge translation (KT) in Anglo-American paramedicine. The review focuses on reported barriers and facilitators to the implementation of new knowledge, and the use of models, theories and frameworks to guide implementation practice.

Design: Scoping review reported as per both the Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews reporting guidelines.

Ambient Temperature Isolation of a Monatomic Boron(0) Complex.

The first bottleable example of a neutral Group 13 atom bound only by neutral donor ligands (L) has been fully characterized by spectroscopic methods and its structure determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. A two-coordinate paramagnetic LB complex can readily be accessed through a facile reduction reaction and is stabilized by π-accepting cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) ligands. Further reduction of (CAAC)B leads to the isolation of a stable diamagnetic boride anion.