Six-Month Outcomes in the Long-Term Outcomes After the Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Study.

Importance: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a life-threatening complication of COVID-19 infection. Data on midterm outcomes are limited.

Objective: To characterize the frequency and time course of cardiac dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] <55%), coronary artery aneurysms (z score ≥2.

PARADIGM-PV: a randomized, multicenter phase 4 study to assess the efficacy and safety of ropeginterferon alfa-2b in patients with low- or high-risk polycythemia vera.

Polycythemia vera (PV) is characterized by clonal hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells with constitutively active somatic mutation(s) in the Janus kinase 2 gene. Phlebotomy (Phl) and aspirin are often used alone for low-risk PV patients. However, data from the Low-PV study demonstrated that Phl and aspirin may not be adequate for patients.

Genetics of Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes: 2024 update.

Purpose Of Review: Prader-Willi (PWS) and Angelman (AS) syndromes arise from errors in 15q11-q13 imprinting. This review describes recent advances in genomics and how these expand our understanding of these rare disorders, guiding treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes.

Recent Findings: PWS features include severe infantile hypotonia, failure to thrive, hypogonadism, developmental delay, behavioral and psychiatric features, hyperphagia, and morbid obesity, if unmanaged.

Use of continuous cardiac monitoring to assess the influence of atrial fibrillation burden and patterns on patient symptoms and healthcare utilization: The DEFINE AFib study.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has a significant impact on health and quality of life. The relationship of AF burden and temporal patterns of AF on patient symptoms, outcomes, and healthcare utilization is unknown. Insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are a strategic and as yet untapped, tool to investigate these relationships.

Colonic Derotation Revisited: The "Deloyers Procedure" for Long-Segment Hirschsprung Disease.

Long-segment Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) presents significant challenges in surgical management, often requiring extensive bowel mobilization and creative techniques to achieve tension-free anastomosis. Colonic derotation offers a viable solution for preserving bowel length and maintaining the ileocecal valve, which is crucial for postoperative bowel function. The procedure involves extensive colonic mobilization and strategic vascular divisions of the right and middle colic vessels while preserving the ileocolic and marginal arteries, followed by a 180° counterclockwise rotation of the colon around the ileocolic vascular axis.

Retraction: A Case Report of Grisel's Syndrome Complicating the Postoperative Course of Craniotomy for a Massive Cystic Brain Lesion.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.73776.

One is not like the other: health quality of life scores vary in neuromuscular EOS by diagnosis.

Purpose: The etiology of early-onset scoliosis (EOS) has been shown to significantly influence baseline parent-reported health-related quality of life (HrQOL). In combining these etiology groups, we obligatorily lump together many disparate diagnoses, particularly true in the neuromuscular (NM) cohort. We sought to evaluate the influence of underlying neuromuscular diagnosis on the HrQOL at 5 years following surgery for EOS.

Comparison of Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Three-Column Lumbar Osteotomies with and without Interbody Cages for Adult Spinal Deformity.

Background Context: Correcting sagittal malalignment in adult spinal deformity (ASD) is a challenging task, often requiring complex surgical interventions like pedicle subtraction osteotomies (PSOs). Different types of three-column osteotomies (3COs), including Schwab 3, Schwab 4, Schwab 4 with interbody cages, and the "sandwich" technique, aim to optimize alignment and fusion outcomes. The role of interbody cages in enhancing fusion and segmental correction remains unclear.

Behavioral health comorbidities in hospital outcomes post-lower extremity amputation in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Peripheral artery disease leading to chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) represents a significant concern for up to 11.0 % of patients with diabetes, often culminating in amputation of the affected limb. This retrospective cohort study explores frequency of comorbid behavioral health conditions (CBHCs) in patients with diabetes and hospital stay characteristics related to post-lower extremity amputation (LEA).

State of the Art in Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion.

Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) has become an important therapeutic target for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Over the past 2 decades, several advancements in LAAO devices (percutaneous and surgical) have been made for stroke prevention and arrhythmia therapy. However, there are several unanswered questions regarding optimal patient selection, the preferred LAAO approach and device, the management of periprocedural and postprocedural complications, including pericardial effusion, device-related thrombus, and device leaks.

Transcatheter Left Ventricular Reconstruction in Heart Failure Patients With Prior Anterior Myocardial Infarction: The Prospective ALIVE Trial.

Background: Left ventricular (LV) dilatation and extensive scar portend a poor prognosis in heart failure (HF). The Revivent TC system (BioVentrix Inc) is used either during a hybrid transcatheter-surgical or a surgical-only procedure to exclude transmural scar and reduce LV dimensions.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the safety and efficacy of the Revivent TC® anchor system in patients with HF.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Treatments for Pancreatic Cancer: Understanding How Endoscopic Ultrasound Has Revolutionized Management of Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biopsy has become the standard diagnostic modality per the guidelines. The use of EUS has been growing for providing various treatments in patients with pancreatic cancers: biliary and gallbladder drainage for those with malignant biliary obstruction, gastroenterostomy for malignant gastric outlet obstruction, celiac plexus/ganglia neurolysis for pain control, radiofrequency ablation, placement of fiducial markers, and injection of local chemotherapeutic agents.

Efficacy of Amniotic Suspension Allografts in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review.

Knee osteoarthritis significantly impacts mobility and quality of life. This condition is a leading cause of disability in aging populations, with total knee replacement commonly sought in advanced cases. Traditional nonoperative management strategies, including anti-inflammatories, corticosteroid injections, and hyaluronic acid, often provide limited relief, especially in severe cases.

Advanced therapies in US veterans with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a retrospective, active-comparator, new-user, cohort study.

Background: Uncertainty exists regarding patient outcomes when using TNF inhibitors versus other biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD). We compared survival and respiratory hospitalisation outcomes following initiation of TNF-inhibitor or non-TNF inhibitor biological or targeted synthetic DMARDs for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis-associated ILD.

Methods: We did a retrospective, active-comparator, new-user, observational cohort study with propensity score matching following the target trial emulation framework using US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) electronic and administrative health records.

The Complete Blood Count Sepsis Index Using Monocyte Distribution Width for Early Detection of Sepsis in Patients Without Obvious Signs.

Objectives: Exploiting the complete blood count (CBC) with differential (CBC-diff) for early sepsis detection has practical value for emergency department (ED) care, especially for those without obvious presentations. The objective of this study was to develop the CBC Sepsis Index (CBC-SI) that incorporates monocyte distribution width (MDW) to enhance rapid sepsis screening.

Design: A retrospective observational study.

Attributes of Pediatric Music Therapists: A Qualitative Analysis of Parent Descriptions.

Therapist attributes are known to contribute to positive therapeutic outcomes and are important to effective training and clinical practice. Although well researched in psychology and play therapy, few studies have directly explored music therapist attributes. To explore and understand these descriptions, we conducted a secondary analysis of parent interview data from a multisite trial investigating a music therapist-delivered intervention for young children with cancer and their parents.

Early Feasibility Study with the SATURN Transapical Mitral Valve Replacement Device.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of the early feasibility study of transapical transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) with the SATURN System (InnovHeart, Milano, Italy) to treat patients with severe functional mitral regurgitation.

Description: Five high surgical risk patients underwent transapical transcatheter mitral valve replacement with the SATURN System at a single center. One-year follow-up is complete for all patients.

Global profiling of alternative splicing in non-small cell lung cancer reveals novel histological and population differences.

Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the US. African-American (AA) men are more likely to develop lung cancer with higher incidence and mortality rates than European-American (EA) men. Herein, we report high-confidence alternative splicing (AS) events from high-throughput, high-depth total RNA sequencing of lung tumors and non-tumor adjacent tissues (NATs) in two independent cohorts of patients with adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC).

Longer Total Interhospital Transfer Times for Rural Sepsis Patients Not Associated with Increased Mortality.

Objectives: Sepsis is a time-sensitive condition, and many rural emergency department (ED) sepsis patients are transferred to tertiary hospitals. The objective of this study was to determine whether longer transport times during interhospital transfer are associated with higher sepsis mortality or increased hospital length-of-stay (LOS).

Methods: A cohort of rural adult (age ≥ 18y) sepsis patients transferred between hospitals were identified in the TELEmedicine as a Virtual Intervention for Sepsis Care in Emergency Departments (TELEVISED) parent study.

Where Are All the Female Participants in Sports and Exercise Medicine Research? A Decade Later.

Background: In 2014, Costello and colleagues published a sentinel paper spotlighting the large disparity of female versus male representation within sports science and sports medicine (SSSM) research.

Purpose: To (1) revisit the method published by Costello et al a decade later to evaluate female representation and (2) ascertain whether study designs account for menstrual status.

Study Design: Systematic Review; Level of evidence, 4.

Prevention and Management of Infectious Complications in Pediatric Patients With Cancer: A Survey Assessment of Current Practices Across Children's Oncology Group Institutions.

Introduction: While clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for pediatric oncology infection prophylaxis and management exist, few data describe actual management occurring at pediatric oncology centers.

Methods: An electronic survey querying infection management practices in nontransplant pediatric oncology patients was iteratively created by the Children's Oncology Group (COG) Cancer Control and Supportive Care Infectious Diseases Subcommittee and sent to leaders at all COG institutions, limiting each site to one response to represent their institution.

Results: The response rate was 57% (129/227 institutions).

Validity and Reliability of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for Adolescents with Heart Disease.

Kinesiophobia (KP) is the fear of movement or physical activity (PA) that is related to a medical condition. In adolescents, KP is associated with depression, anxiety, and impaired quality of life (QoL). Adolescents with heart disease (HD) often avoid PA.

Structural polymorphism and diversity of human segmental duplications.

Segmental duplications (SDs) contribute significantly to human disease, evolution and diversity but have been difficult to resolve at the sequence level. We present a population genetics survey of SDs by analyzing 170 human genome assemblies (from 85 samples representing 38 Africans and 47 non-Africans) in which the majority of autosomal SDs are fully resolved using long-read sequence assembly. Excluding the acrocentric short arms and sex chromosomes, we identify 173.

Treatment of e-cigarette use among hospitalised adolescents and young adults: a protocol for intervention development and evaluation of preliminary efficacy and implementation outcomes in a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Hospitalisation represents an opportunity to identify and treat e-cigarette use among adolescents and young adults (AYAs). Knowledge on how to provide this care is lacking. We aim to fill this gap by developing an e-cigarette use intervention and evaluating preliminary efficacy and implementation outcomes among hospitalised AYAs.