International practice patterns of dyslipidemia management in patients with chronic kidney disease under nephrology care: is it time to review guideline recommendations?

Background: In contrast to guidelines related to lipid therapy in other areas, 2012 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines recommend conducting a lipid profile upon diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and treating all patients older than 50 years without defining a target for lipid levels. We evaluated multinational practice patterns for lipid management in patients with advanced CKD under nephrology care.

Methods: We analyzed lipid-lowering therapy (LLT), LDL- cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, and nephrologist-specified LDL-C goal upper limits in adult patients with eGFR < 60 ml/min from nephrology clinics in Brazil, France, Germany, and the United States (2014-2019).

Current Knowledge about the Impact of Microgravity on Gene Regulation.

Microgravity (µ) has a massive impact on the health of space explorers. Microgravity changes the proliferation, differentiation, and growth of cells. As crewed spaceflights into deep space are being planned along with the commercialization of space travelling, researchers have focused on gene regulation in cells and organisms exposed to real (r-) and simulated (s-) µ.

Screening for Kidney Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Kidney disease is the 10th leading cause of death worldwide and disproportionately increases morbidity and mortality for people residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Considering the high burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on patients, society, and health care systems, strategies to improve screening for CKD need to be prioritized. With appropriate interventions, screening could prevent progression of early stages of CKD and, ultimately, reduce the need for kidney replacement therapy.

Stroke profile and care during the COVID-19 pandemic: What changed and what did not? A prospective cohort from Joinville, Brazil.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has wrought negative consequences concerning quality of care for stroke patients since its onset. Prospective population-based data about stroke care in the pandemic are limited. This study aims to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on stroke profile and care in Joinville, Brazil.

Gestational weight gain according to the Brazilian charts and its association with maternal and infant adverse outcomes.

Background: The lack of gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations for low- and middle-income countries is a significant concern.

Objectives: To identify the ranges on the Brazilian GWG charts associated with lowest risks of selected adverse maternal and infant outcomes.

Methods: Data from 3 large Brazilian datasets were used.

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to Assess Dental Caries, Overweight and Obesity in Schoolchildren in the City of Alfenas, Brazil.

Childhood-related obesity and overweight are increasing concerns for the health and well-being of children. Dental caries (decay) is the most prevalent oral disease during childhood, and several studies have suggested that nutritional status and dental caries are associated in children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the geographic distribution of childhood overweight/obesity and dental caries in a medium-sized Brazilian city.

Effect of the Case for Carpule as a Visual Passive Distraction Tool on Dental Fear and Anxiety: A Pilot Study.

The present cross-over study aimed to evaluate the effect of a visual passive distraction tool, a case for carpule, in the management of fear and anxiety during invasive dental treatment. Children between the ages of 4 and 8 years that need at least two treatments with inferior alveolar nerve block were selected. All the included children received two treatments at different moments: in one treatment, local anesthesia was performed with a visual passive distraction tool, the crocodile case, for carpule (experimental); in the other treatment, local anesthesia was performed without the device (control).

Impact of malocclusion treatments on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: an overview of systematic reviews.

Objective: To perform an overview of systematic reviews (SR) assessing the impact of malocclusion treatments (Orthodontic Treatment - OT and/or Orthodontic Surgical Treatment - OST) on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL).

Materials And Methods: A search strategy was conducted in electronic databases until June 7th, 2021, followed by a manual search in grey literature and registration databases. Two independent authors applied the eligibility criteria, extracted the data, assessed the risk of bias (AMSTAR-2), and performed the certainty of evidence (GRADE) evaluation.

Polyethylenimine Increases Antibacterial Efficiency of Chlorophyllin.

Polyethylenimines (PEIs), a group of polycationic molecules, are known to impair the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and exhibit antimicrobial activity. The outer membrane of Gram-negative strains hinders the uptake of photosensitizer chlorophyllin. In this study, we report chlorophyllin and branched PEI combinations’ activity against Escherichia coli strains DH5α and RB791, Salmonella enterica sv.

Polyethylene terephthalate clamps: Optimization in endodontic and restorative practices.

Background: There is a growing search for innovations in dental materials and instruments and, therefore, an increase need to optimize the instruments used in the absolute isolation. The gold standard procedure contributes significantly to the quality of restorative and endodontic procedures. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the radiopacity of polyethylene terephthalate polymer clamps and compare them to conventional metal clamps.

Diagnostic accuracy of EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy sampling by macroscopic on-site evaluation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Assessment of EUS-guided fine-needle tissue acquisition by macroscopic on-site evaluation (MOSE) is gathering attention. Studies report good diagnostic parameters with MOSE; however, the overall data are limited. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to report on the pooled diagnostic assessment parameters of EUS-guided tissue acquisition by MOSE using fine-needle biopsy sampling (FNB).

Bilateral and Symmetrical Lesions in the Basal Ganglia Associated With Metabolic Acidosis in a Patient With a History of Alcohol Addiction: A Case Report.

Metabolic acidosis is defined as a pathologic process that, when unopposed, increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in the body and reduces the concentration of HCO3. Methanol poisoning is an important cause of metabolic acidosis. Methanol and ethylene glycol poisonings cause scores of fatal intoxications annually, and even relatively small ingestions of these alcohols can produce significant toxicity.

Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 2 (TGFBR2) Promoter Region Polymorphisms May Be Involved in Mandibular Retrognathism.

Skeletal malocclusions are common phenotypes in humans and have a strong influence on genetic factors. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF) controls numerous functions of the human body, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Thus, this study is aimed at evaluating whether genetic polymorphisms in and its receptor are associated with mandibular retrognathism in German children and adolescents.

Molecular Cross-Talk between Gravity- and Light-Sensing Mechanisms in .

is a photosynthetic flagellate. To acquire a suitable position in its surrounding aquatic environment, it exploits light and gravity primarily as environmental cues. Several physiological studies have indicated a fine-tuned relationship between gravity sensing (gravitaxis) and light sensing in .

Effect of compacting conditions on the viscoelastic properties of banana leaf waste and briquette quality.

This study evaluated the effects of the temperature and pressure used when compacting banana leaves on viscoelastic properties and briquette quality. Banana leaves with 12.4% of humidity were milled at two ranges of average particle size.

Latest knowledge about changes in the proteome in microgravity.

Introduction: A long-term stay of humans in space causes health problems and changes in protists and plants. Deep space exploration will increase the time humans or rodents will spend in microgravity (µ). Moreover, they are exposed to cosmic radiation, hypodynamia, and isolation.

Predictors of excess body weight concurrently affecting mother-child pairs: a 6 year follow-up.

Background: We examined the predictors of excess body weight (EBW) concurrently affecting mother-child pairs after delivery during 6 years of follow-up.

Methods: Prospective cohort study conducted on 435 mother-child pairs. Data were collected at four time points: at birth in the maternity hospital; 1-2 years old, 4-5 years old and 6 years old at the participant's home.

Macrobenthic community responses to multiple environmental stressors in a subtropical estuary.

We assessed how multi- and univariate models reflect marine environmental health based on macrobenthic community responses to three environmental stressor categories: hydrodynamics, organic enrichment and metal contamination. We then compared the models with the benthic index AMBI (AZTI Marine Biotic Index). Macrobenthic community and physicochemical variables were sampled at 35 sites along Babitonga Bay, a subtropical estuary in Southern Brazil.

Specialists' opinion regarding factors related to wet loads after steam sterilization.

Background: Episodes of wet loads after steam sterilization are frequent; however, the factors related to these events are still unclear.

Aim: To evaluate the strength of relationship of factors related to wet loads after steam sterilization.

Methods: By adapting the Delphi technique, steam sterilization specialists assigned a score for the relation strength of a list of 37 factors (f.

Upgrading of banana leaf waste to produce solid biofuel by torrefaction: physicochemical properties, combustion behaviors, and potential emissions.

This study is the first report that focuses on investigating the effects of torrefaction on the bioenergy-related properties, combustion behavior, and potential emissions of banana leaf waste (BLW). Experiments were first conducted in a bench-scale fixed-bed reactor operating at light (220 °C), mild (250 °C), and severe (280 °C) torrefaction conditions to torrefy the raw BLW. Torrefaction pretreatments reduced the weight of the raw BLW by about 60%, but the resulting solid biofuel can preserve up to 77% of the energy content of the raw biomass.

Sleep habits and weight status in Brazilian children aged 4-6 years of age: the PREDI study.

Objectives: To evaluate the association of sleep habits with the weight status of children aged 4-6 years.

Methods: Data were obtained from the PREDI Study, a Brazilian birth cohort study. The current study was carried out in the homes of the participants during two follow-ups: 2016/17 and 2018.

Dynamic Electroporation Model Evaluation on Rabbit Tissues.

Biological electroporation is a process of opening pores in the cell membrane when exposed to intense electric fields. This work provides results for validation of a dynamic model of electroporation on biological tissues. Computational simulations were carried out and results for the electrical current through the tissue and increase of the tissue temperature were compared to experimental results.

Natural Products in Modern Biology: Ancient Wisdom for Today's Challenges.

Nature provides a unique diversity of primary and secondary metabolites [...