Performance Evaluation of Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation with -Butyl Hydroperoxide to Benzaldehyde Using the Response Surface Methodology, Artificial Neural Network, and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System Model.

The adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), central composite experimental design (CCD)-response surface methodology (RSM), and artificial neural network (ANN) are used to model the oxidation of benzyl alcohol using the -butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) oxidant to selectively yield benzaldehyde over a mesoporous ceria-zirconia catalyst. Characterization reveals that the produced catalyst has hysteresis loops, a sponge-like structure, and structurally induced reactivity. Three independent variables were taken into consideration while analyzing the ANN, RSM, and ANFIS models: the amount of catalyst (A), reaction temperature (B), and reaction time (C).

Kinetics of dehydrogenation of -heptane over GaPt supported catalytically active liquid metal solutions (SCALMS).

The concept of Supported Catalytically Active Liquid Metal Solutions (SCALMS) was explored for the catalytic dehydrogenation of -heptane. For this purpose, a GaPt on alumina (GaPt/AlO) was compared with a Pt on alumina catalyst at different reaction temperatures and feed compositions. While the observed activation energies with both catalysts for the overall -heptane depletion rate were similar with both catalysts, the SCALMS systems provides a lower activation energy for the desired dehydrogenation path and significantly higher activation energies for the undesired aromatization and cracking reaction.

Ga-Pt supported catalytically active liquid metal solutions (SCALMS) prepared by ultrasonication - influence of synthesis conditions on -heptane dehydrogenation performance.

Supported catalytically active liquid metal solution (SCALMS) materials represent a recently developed class of heterogeneous catalysts, where the catalytic reaction takes place at the highly dynamic interface of supported liquid alloys. Ga nuggets were dispersed into nano-droplets in propan-2-ol using ultrasonication followed by the addition of Pt in a galvanic displacement reaction - either directly into the Ga/propan-2-ol dispersion () or consecutively onto the supported Ga droplets (). The galvanic displacement reaction between Ga and Pt was studied in three different reaction media, namely propan-2-ol, water, and 20 vol% water containing propan-2-ol.

Transfer hydrogenation of ketone; an approach toward an eco-friendly reduction.

The use of water as a solvent in chemical reactions has recently been brought to public attention, especially in the exploration of eco-friendly procedures. It is readily available, abundantly accessible, non-toxic, non-flammable, and at a low cost. As opposed to the previous limitation of reactant solubilities associated with aqueous media, a hydrogel such as a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) solution can significantly improve the reactant solubility.

Electrochemical aspects of coinage metal nanoparticles for catalysis and spectroscopy.

Down scaling bulk materials can cause colloidal systems to evolve into microscopically dispersed insoluble particles. Herein, we describe the interesting applications of coinage metal nanoparticles (MNPs) as colloid dispersions especially gold and silver. The rich plasmon bands of gold and silver in the visible range are elaborated using the plasmon resonance and redox potential values of grown metal microelectrode (GME).

Molybdenum-modified mesoporous SiO as an efficient Lewis acid catalyst for the acetylation of alcohols.

A suitable, expeditious and well-organized approach for the acetylation of alcohols with acetic anhydride in the presence of 5%MoO-SiO as an optimum environmentally benign heterogeneous catalyst was developed. The high surface area obtained for 5%MoO-SiO, 101 m g compared to other catalysts, 22, 23, and 44 m g for 5%WO-ZrO, 5%WO-SiO, and 5%MoO-ZrO, respectively, appears to be the driving force for better catalytic activity. Amongst the two dopants used, molybdenum oxide is the better dopant compared to its tungsten oxide counterpart.

Ammonium phosphomolybdate: a material for dielectric crossover and resistive switching performance.

The yellow ammonium phosphomolybdate [(NH)PMoO] (YAPM) is a robust and elegant compound that has found innumerable field applications. Herein, we have shown that this inorganic polymer serves as a novel dielectric material and a compound for memory device fabrication. It displays changeable dielectric performance and ac conductivity under UV (∼365 nm) irradiation.

Effect of cationic disorder on the energy generation and energy storage applications of Ni Co S thiospinel.

Thiospinels show interesting catalytic and energy storage applications, however, the cationic disorder can have major influence on the energy generation and/or energy storage applications. In this study, the effect of stoichiometric variation of metals in a thiospinel Ni Co S, is examined on energy generation and storage properties. Nickel- or cobalt-rich Ni Co S nanosheets were prepared by the hot injection method using single molecular precursors.

Comparison of taxon-specific versus general locus sets for targeted sequence capture in plant phylogenomics.

Premise Of The Study: Targeted sequence capture can be used to efficiently gather sequence data for large numbers of loci, such as single-copy nuclear loci. Most published studies in plants have used taxon-specific locus sets developed individually for a clade using multiple genomic and transcriptomic resources. General locus sets can also be developed from loci that have been identified as single-copy and have orthologs in large clades of plants.

Polarity-tunable spin transport in all-oxide multiferroic tunnel junctions.

A multiferroic tunnel junction (MFTJ) promisingly offers multinary memory states in response to electric- and magnetic-fields, referring to tunneling electroresistance (TER) and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR), respectively. In spite of recent progress, a substantial number of questions concerning the understanding of these two intertwined phenomena still remain open, e.g.

Evidence of constant diversification punctuated by a mass extinction in the African cycads.

The recent evidence that extant cycads are not living fossils triggered a renewed search for a better understanding of their evolutionary history. In this study, we investigated the evolutionary diversification history of the genus Encephalartos, a monophyletic cycad endemic to Africa. We found an antisigmoidal pattern with a plateau and punctual explosive radiation.

The fluorescent detection of Paradiplozoon sp. (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) attachment clamps' sclerites and integumental proteins.

In the genus Paradiplozoon, few hard structures are present therefore most of the taxonomic studies have focused on the unique ultrastructure of the sclerites. Alcohol-fixed specimens were transferred to BSA-saline for 5 min. before staining indefinitely with 5 microl WGA-TRX, 5 microl SYTO 9 and 5 microl of Calcofluor White M2R.