Cbl-b restrains priming of pathogenic Th17 cells via the inhibition of IL-6 production by macrophages.

E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b is involved in the maintenance of a balance between immunity and tolerance. Mice lacking Cbl-b are highly susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a Th17-mediated autoimmune disease. However, how Cbl-b regulates Th17 cell responses remains unclear.

Akt-2 Is a Potential Therapeutic Target for Disseminated Candidiasis.

Akt-1 and Akt-2 are the major isoforms of the serine/threonine Akt family that play a key role in controlling immune responses. However, the involvement of Akt-1 and Akt-2 isoforms in antifungal innate immunity is completely unknown. In this study, we show that , but not , mice are protected from lethal infection.

The Fibromyalgia Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Physical Therapy Study Protocol: A Multisite Embedded Pragmatic Trial.

Objectives: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a nonpharmacological intervention that provides an electrical current through the skin to produce analgesia. The primary purpose of this study is to examine if the addition of TENS to routine physical therapy improves movement-evoked pain in individuals with fibromyalgia in a physical therapy clinical setting.

Methods: Fibromyalgia TENS in Physical Therapy Study is a phase III embedded pragmatic clinical trial funded through the National Institutes of Health Helping to End Addiction Long-Term Initiative.

Analysis of the Understanding and Worry about Lymphedema of Patients with Breast Cancer.

Background: Lymphedema is a potential lifelong sequela of breast cancer treatment. We sought to: (1) evaluate the worry and knowledge of patients about lymphedema, (2) quantify patients reporting lymphedema education and screening, and (3) determine willingness to participate in lymphedema screening and prevention programs.

Patients And Methods: A survey evaluating lymphedema-related knowledge and worry was sent to patients treated for stage 0-III breast cancer.

Role of Src kinase in regulating protein kinase C mediated phosphorylation of TRPV1.

Background: Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1), activated by heat, acidic pH, endogenous vanilloids and capsaicin, is essential for thermal hyperalgesia. Under inflammatory conditions, phosphorylation of TRPV1 by protein kinase C (PKC) can sensitize the channel and decrease the activation threshold. Src kinase also phosphorylates TRPV1, promoting channel trafficking to the plasma membrane.

Association of interactions between tele-critical care and bedside with length of stay and mortality.

Introduction: Substantial variation exists in telemedicine critical care (Tele-CC) effectiveness, which may be explained by heterogeneity in Tele-CC implementation and utilization.

Methods: We studied inpatient intensive care unit (ICU) admissions within the Veterans Health Administration from January 2005 to September 2018. Tele-CC affiliation was based on a facility's Tele-CC go-live date.

Combined robotic and subinguinal microsurgical vasovasostomy for vasal obstruction after inguinal hernia repair.

Obstruction of the vas deferens may occur after inguinal hernia repair with mesh and lead to infertility. In cases where natural conception is desired and after obtaining test results that suggest the presence of spermatogenesis, surgical reconstruction can be attempted but may be difficult. Several approaches have been reported, including the laparoscopic mobilisation of the pelvic vas deferens, as well as mobilisation and passage of the scrotal vas deferens intra-abdominally for robot-assisted vasovasostomy.

Intubation biomechanics: Computational modeling to identify methods to minimize cervical spine motion and spinal cord strain during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in an intact cervical spine.

Study Objective: To minimize the risk of cervical spinal cord injury in patients who have cervical spine pathology, minimizing cervical spine motion during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation is commonly recommended. However, clinicians may better aim to reduce cervical spinal cord strain during airway management of their patients. The aim of this study was to predict laryngoscope force characteristics (location, magnitude, and direction) that would minimize cervical spine motions and cord strains.

Anion Transport Across Human Gallbladder Organoids and Monolayers.

Fluid and anion secretion are important functions of the biliary tract. It has been established that cAMP regulates Na absorption through NHE3. However, mechanisms of gallbladder anion transport are less defined.

Relationship Between Glottic View and Intubation Force During Macintosh and Airtraq Laryngoscopy and Intubation.

Background: Because intubation-mediated cervical spine and spinal cord injury are likely determined by intubation force magnitude, understanding the determinants of intubation force magnitude is clinically relevant. With direct (Macintosh) laryngoscopy, when glottic view is less favorable, anesthesiologists apply greater force. We hypothesized that, when compared with direct (Macintosh) laryngoscopy, intubation force with an optical indirect laryngoscope (Airtraq) would be less dependent on glottic visualization.

Compulsive shopping: A review and update.

The author comprehensively reviews compulsive shopping (CS), a disorder characterized by excessive shopping and/or spending that leads to subjective distress and impaired functioning. CS has been linked to substance use disorders, mood, and anxiety disorders, and to the obsessive-compulsive spectrum. More recently, CS has been considered a behavioral addiction.

Can we improve delirium prevention and treatment in the emergency department? A systematic review.

Background: This systematic review was conducted to evaluate any interventions to prevent incident delirium, or shorten the duration of prevalent delirium, in older adults presenting to the emergency department (ED).

Methods: Health sciences librarian designed electronic searches were conducted from database inception through September 2021. Two authors reviewed studies, and included studies that evaluated interventions for the prevention and/or treatment of delirium and excluded non-ED studies.

Evaluating risk for alcohol use disorder: Polygenic risk scores and family history.

Background: Early identification of individuals at high risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) coupled with prompt interventions could reduce the incidence of AUD. In this study, we investigated whether Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) can be used to evaluate the risk for AUD and AUD severity (as measured by the number of DSM-5 AUD diagnostic criteria met) and compared their performance with a measure of family history of AUD.

Methods: We studied individuals of European ancestry from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA).

Similar Mortality Among United States Veterans With Invasive and Noninvasive Pneumonia due to Group B .

Background: The nosology of noninvasive pneumonia due to group B (GBS) is not well defined. This study compared clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with invasive pneumonia and noninvasive pneumonia caused by GBS.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare users between 2008 and 2017.

New Zealand Emergency Department COVID-19 Preparedness: a cross-sectional survey and narrative view.

Objective: Our objective was to assess the level of COVID-19 preparedness of emergency departments (EDs) in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) through the views of emergency medicine specialists working in district health boards around the country. Given the limited experience NZ hospitals have had with SARS-CoV-2, a comparison of current local practice with recent literature from other countries identifying known weaknesses may help prevent future healthcare worker infections in NZ.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of NZ emergency specialists in November 2020 to evaluate preparedness of engineering, administrative policy and personal protective equipment (PPE) use.

Recommended musculoskeletal and sports ultrasound terminology: a Delphi-based consensus statement.

The current lack of agreement regarding standardised terminology in musculoskeletal and sports ultrasound presents challenges in education, clinical practice and research. This consensus was developed to provide a reference to improve clarity and consistency in communication. A multidisciplinary expert panel was convened consisting of 18 members representing multiple specialty societies identified as key stakeholders in musculoskeletal and sports ultrasound.

Factor structure of borderline personality disorder and response to Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving.

Differential response to the Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS) program was compared in subgroups identified through latent class analysis (LCA). STEPPS is an evidence-based group treatment program for patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). A reanalysis of data was conducted using data from a 20-week randomized controlled trial and 1-year follow-up.

Research-Relevant Conditions and Pathology of Laboratory Mice, Rats, Gerbils, Guinea Pigs, Hamsters, Naked Mole Rats, and Rabbits.

Animals are valuable resources in biomedical research in investigations of biological processes, disease pathogenesis, therapeutic interventions, safety, toxicity, and carcinogenicity. Interpretation of data from animals requires knowledge not only of the processes or diseases (pathophysiology) under study but also recognition of spontaneous conditions and background lesions (pathology) that can influence or confound the study results. Species, strain/stock, sex, age, anatomy, physiology, spontaneous diseases (noninfectious and infectious), and neoplasia impact experimental results and interpretation as well as animal welfare.

Using nasal povidone-iodine to prevent bloodstream infections and transmission of among haemodialysis patients: a stepped-wedge cluster randomised control trial protocol.

Introduction: Approximately 38% of haemodialysis patients carry in their noses, and carriers have a nearly four-fold increased risk of access-related bloodstream infections (BSIs) compared with non-carriers. Our objective is to determine the clinical efficacy and effectiveness of a novel intervention using nasal povidone-iodine (PVI) to prevent BSIs among patients in haemodialysis units. We will survey patients and conduct qualitative interviews with healthcare workers to identify barriers and facilitators to implementing the intervention.

Hospital Variation in Non-Invasive Ventilation Use for Acute Respiratory Failure Due to COPD Exacerbation.

Background: Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) use in patients admitted with acute respiratory failure due to COPD exacerbations (AECOPDs) varies significantly between hospitals. However, previous literature did not account for patients' illness severity. Our objective was to examine the variation in risk-standardized NIV use after adjusting for illness severity.