Management of pediatric patients admitted for colonic disimpaction: A scoping review protocol.

Objectives: Chronic constipation is a common condition in pediatric patients worldwide and is associated with decreased quality of life. Inpatient management of constipation is required when outpatient therapy fails and a child becomes obstipated, and unable to pass stool or gas. There is a growing body of evidence regarding different management strategies for pediatric obstipation.

Bibliometric Analysis of Contributions of Anesthesiology Journals and Anesthesiologists to Operating Room Management Science.

Background: Anesthesiology journals appear to have been progressively publishing a smaller percentage of operating room (OR) management studies. Similarly, non-anesthesiologists have increasingly been authors of these publications. Five hypotheses were formulated to evaluate these impressions based on 2 of the authors' curation of an online, comprehensive bibliography of OR management articles and corresponding referenced course materials.

Patient outcomes following home-based outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy and facility-based outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

In this systematic literature review and meta-analysis, we did not find a statistically significant difference in readmission and treatment failure rates between home-based and facility-based OPAT. Optimal patient selection for appropriate OPAT location appears to be more important than the location itself for the best OPAT outcome.

Comparison of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the assessment of myocardial viability: meta-analysis and systematic review.

Aim: Contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (Ce-CMR) and Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) are frequently utilized in clinical practice to assess myocardial viability. However, studies evaluating direct comparison between Ce-CMR and FDG-PET have a smaller sample size, and no clear distinction between the two imaging modalities has been defined. To address this gap, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing Ce-CMR and FDG-PET for the assessment of myocardial viability.

Using computed tomography to recover hidden medieval fragments beneath early modern leather bindings, first results.

Medieval bindings fragments have become increasingly interesting to Humanities researchers as sources for the textual and material history of medieval Europeans. Later book binders used these discarded and repurposed pieces of earlier medieval manuscripts to reinforce the structures of other manuscripts and printed books. That many of these fragments are contained within and obscured by decorative bindings that cannot be dismantled ethically has limited their discovery and description.

A systematic review of human biomonitoring studies of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, a urinary biomarker pyrethroid insecticide exposure, 1997 to 2019.

Pyrethroid insecticides are used, for example, in agriculture, indoor environments, and mosquito control programs, resulting in human exposure. Urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) is a nonspecific biomarker for exposure to many pyrethroids. This systematic review identified human biomonitoring studies with 3-PBA that characterize environmental pyrethroid exposures in children and adolescents, pregnant women, and adults or occupational pyrethroid exposures relative to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) populations in the United States (US).

Outpatient antibiotic prescribing for common infections via telemedicine versus face-to-face visits: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of antibiotic prescribing for common infections via telemedicine compared to face-to-face visits.

Design: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Embase (Elsevier platform) and Cochrane CENTRAL to identify studies comparing frequency of antibiotic prescribing via telemedicine and face-to-face visits without restrictions by publish dates or language used.

Impact of Infectious Diseases Consultation on the Outcome of Patients With Enterococcal Bacteremia: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Enterococcal bacteremia carries significant mortality. While multiple studies have evaluated the impact of infectious disease consultation (IDC) on this condition, these studies were limited by the low numbers of patients enrolled. This systemic literature review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine whether IDC is associated with a mortality benefit among patients with enterococcal bacteremia.

Teaching emergency ultrasound to emergency medicine residents: a scoping review of structured training methods.

Background: Over the past 2 decades, emergency ultrasound has become essential to patient care, and is a mandated competency for emergency medicine residency graduation. However, the best evidence regarding emergency ultrasound education in residency training is not known. We performed a scoping review to determine the (1) characteristics and (2) outcomes of published structured training methods, (3) the quality of publications, and (4) the implications for research and training.

Gestational Weight Gain in Twin Pregnancies and Maternal and Child Health: An Updated Systematic Review.

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has provisional gestational weight gain (GWG) guidelines for women pregnant with twins due to limited data in this population. To better inform guidelines, the objective of this systematic review was to build on prior work and examine recent data on the associations of GWG with maternal and child health in twin pregnancies. In February 2021, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were searched.

Positive deviance in infection prevention and control: A systematic literature review.

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain a major challenge. Various strategies have been tried to prevent or control HAIs. Positive deviance, a strategy that has been used in the last decade, is based on the observation that a few at-risk individuals follow uncommon, useful practices and that, consequently, they experience better outcomes than their peers who share similar risks.

Delirium prevention and treatment in the emergency department (ED): a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Delirium is a dangerous syndrome of acute brain dysfunction that is common in the emergency department (ED), especially among the geriatric population. Most systematic reviews of interventions for delirium prevention and treatment have focused on inpatient settings. Best practices of effective delirium care in ED settings have not been established.

Effectiveness of chlorhexidine dressings to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections. Does one size fit all? A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of chlorhexidine (CHG) dressings to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs).

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.

Women's Report of Health Care Provider Advice and Gestational Weight Gain: A Systematic Review.

Inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with adverse health outcomes for mother and child. Health care providers are well positioned to help women achieve appropriate GWG. This systematic review examined associations between women's report of provider advice on GWG and women's compliance with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) GWG guidelines.

Epidemiology and outcomes of clinically unsuspected venous thromboembolism in children: A systematic review.

Background: Clinically unsuspected venous thromboembolic events (uVTE) detected during routine imaging pose a management challenge due to limited knowledge about their clinical significance. Unsuspected VTE are often referred as "asymptomatic," "incidental," or "clinically silent/occult" VTE.

Objective: To understand the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of uVTE in children.

Perceived Benefits and Challenges of Ebola Preparation Among Hospitals in Developed Countries: A Systematic Literature Review.

The 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa provided an opportunity to improve our response to highly infectious diseases. We performed a systematic literature review in PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Web of Science of research articles that evaluated benefits and challenges of hospital Ebola preparation in developed countries. We excluded studies performed in non-developed countries, and those limited to primary care settings, the public health sector, and pediatric populations.

Impact of the pattern of interstitial lung disease on mortality in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Objective: An important extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is interstitial lung disease (ILD). The relationship between the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern and mortality in patients with RA is unclear. The purpose of this study was to complete a systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the association between RA-ILD pattern and mortality risk.

Tobacco Use and Risk of Wound Complications and Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty Procedures.

Background: The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the association between tobacco use and the risk of any wound complication and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after primary total hip and total knee arthroplasty procedures.

Methods: Relevant articles published before January 2018 were identified by systematically searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for end points of any wound complication and PJI.

Metasynthesis of Patient Attitudes Toward Bone Densitometry.

Background: Bone densitometry (e.g., dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or "DXA") is strongly associated with osteoporosis treatment; however, rates of DXA are low.

Librarians, clinicians, evidence-based medicine, and the division of labor.

Have librarians promoted end user searching to the detriment of the profession and promoted clinical inefficiency from causally trained health practitioners? Issues related to the complexity of bibliographic retrieval in the networked environment are explored within the context of evidence-based medicine and the division of labor.