The Influence of Hospital Characteristics on Patient Survival in Surgically Managed Metastatic Disease of Bone: An Analysis of the SEER-Medicare Linked Database.

Objectives: We investigated whether patients receiving surgical treatment for metastatic disease of bone (MDB) at hospitals with higher volume, medical school affiliation, or Commission on Cancer accreditation have superior outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare database, we identified 9413 patients surgically treated for extremity MDB between 1992 and 2014 at the age of 66 years or older. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazards ratios (HR) for 90-day and 1-year mortality and 30-day readmission according to the characteristics of the hospital where bone surgery was performed.

Evaluation of Predictors and Outcomes of Bracing with Emphasis on the Immediate Effects of in-Brace Correction in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is defined as a lateral curvature of the spine of unknown etiology with a Cobb angle of greater than 10 degrees with vertebral rotation. Bracing, specifically with a rigid thoracolumbosacral orthosis (TLSO), decreases the risk of curve progression to over 50 degrees, the threshold for surgical intervention. Some authors have suggested that 30-50% in-brace correction of the Cobb angles is required to prevent significant curve progression.

The Significance of a "Close" Margin in Extremity Sarcoma: A Systematic Review.

Background: An important measure of successful sarcoma treatment is the surgical tumor margin, yet defining and reporting the tumor margin has remained a source of controversy. Our study sought to determine whether there is a need to be more specific in classifying a margin by distinguishing a 'close' margin, or if simply calling a margin positive or negative is sufficient.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search in which all studies were reviewed independently by two separate reviewers.

The Variability in Surgical Margin Reporting in Limb Salvage Surgery for Sarcoma.

Background: Surgical margins are a standard reported measurement in tumor surgery that has implications for functional outcome, local control, and overall survival. There is no single accepted classification, and it is unclear what form or margin reporting predominates in the sarcoma literature.

Methods: We performed a PubMed literature search to identify articles that reported surgical margins and oncologic outcomes in limb salvage surgery for sarcoma from 1980 to 2013.

The Roles of Mechanical Stresses in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis: Implications for Treatment of Joint Injuries.

Excessive joint surface loadings, either single (acute impact event) or repetitive (cumulative contact stress), can cause the clinical syndrome of osteoarthritis (OA). Despite advances in treatment of injured joints, the risk of OA following joint injuries has not decreased in the last 50 years. Cumulative excessive articular surface contact stress that leads to OA results from post-traumatic joint incongruity and instability, and joint dysplasia, but also may cause OA in patients without known joint abnormalities.

Does lateral knee geometry influence bone bruise patterns after anterior cruciate ligament injury? A report of two cases.

Bone bruise patterns are commonly seen after acute anterior cruciate ligament injuries; they represent a subchondral impaction injury that occurs in the lateral knee joint between the mid-lateral femoral condyle and the posterior lateral tibial plateau. These contusion patterns are present in the majority of noncontact ACL injuries. These injury patterns vary significantly in severity and this aspect is poorly understood.

Effect of ACL reconstruction graft size on simulated Lachman testing: a finite element analysis.

Introduction: ACL reconstructions are frequently performed following ACL injury. The most common treatment is single bundle reconstruction. While ACL reconstructions have been studied clinically and experimentally, quantitative information regarding the local biomechanics the knee following ACL reconstruction is generally lacking.

Femoral tunnel placement in medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction.

Introduction: Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is an accepted treatment for recurrent patellofemoral instability when patients have normal alignment and deficient proximal medial restraints. There are several reports of malpositioned femoral tunnels leading to poor outcomes. The purpose of this study was to analyze femoral tunnel placement after MPFL reconstruction and correlate this with outcomes.

Incongruity-dependent changes of contact stress rates in human cadaveric ankles.

Cartilage biosynthetic transduction and injury characteristics have been shown to be particularly sensitive to changes in contact stress rates. This study investigated incongruity-associated changes in contact stress rates that resulted from an articular surface stepoff of the distal tibia in human cadaveric ankles. Ten human cadaveric ankles were subjected to quasi-physiologic stance-phase motion and loading and instantaneous contact stresses were captured at 132 Hz over the entire articular surface using a custom-fabricated stress transducer.

Post-traumatic osteoarthritis: the role of stress induced chondrocyte damage.

Post-traumatic osteoarthritis is the form of osteoarthritis (OA) that develops following joint injury. Although its end-stage is indistinguishable from idiopathic OA, many patients with post-traumatic OA are younger than those with idiopathic OA, and they have a well-defined precipitating insult. Clinical and experimental studies suggest that excessive acute impact energy or chronic mechanical overload cause the degeneration of the articular surface responsible for post-traumatic OA.

Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA), the syndrome of joint pain and dysfunction caused by joint degeneration, affects more people than any other joint disease. In most instances joint degeneration develops in the absence of an identifiable cause, but increasing age, excessive joint loading, and joint abnormalities and insults increase the risk of OA. Articular surface contact stress that causes tissue damage and compromises that ability of chondrocytes to maintain and restore the tissue has an important role in the development of joint degeneration Current methods of attempting to restore an articular surface in osteoarthritic joints include penetrating subchondral bone, altering joint loading, osteotomies and insertion of soft tissue grafts.