Prevention of Ventricular Arrhythmia and Sudden Cardiac Death in COVID-19 Patients.

Since the first case was reported at the end of 2019, COVID-19 has spread throughout the world and has become a pandemic. The high transmission rate of the virus has made it a threat to public health globally. Viral infections may trigger acute coronary syndromes, arrhythmias, and exacerbation of heart failure, due to a combination of effects including significant systemic inflammatory responses and localized vascular inflammation at the arterial plaque level.

Irritable bowel syndrome in Indonesian adolescents.

Objective: Irritable bowel syndrome is a frequent functional gastrointestinal disorder. The aims of this study were to investigate its epidemiology, focusing on the role of intestinal mucosal integrity and to evaluate the impact on the quality of life.

Methods: A community-based survey applying a comparative cross sectional approach was conducted in six high schools in Palembang.

Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Asian Countries: Results of a Questionnaire Survey.

Introduction: The Asia-Pacific consensus on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and the GERD treatment guidelines of 2015 drawn up by the Japanese Society of Gastroenterology were proposed, and GERD management in Asian regions was assumed to be performed based on these consensuses. In this environment, the current status of GERD management in clinical practice among Asian regions is less well-known.

Objective: This questionnaire-based consensus survey was performed to clarify the current status of management of GERD in clinical practice in Asian regions.

HIV drug resistance in persons who inject drugs enrolled in an HIV prevention trial in Indonesia, Ukraine, and Vietnam: HPTN 074.

Background: Persons who inject drugs (PWID) have high HIV incidence and prevalence, and may have limited access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in some settings. We evaluated HIV drug resistance in PWID in a randomized clinical trial (HPTN 074). The study intervention included ART at any CD4 cell count with enhanced support for ART and substance use treatment.

Long-term loss to follow-up in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD).

Objectives: With earlier antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, time spent in HIV care is expected to increase. We aimed to investigate loss to follow-up (LTFU) in Asian patients who remained in care 5 years after ART initiation.

Methods: Long-term LTFU was defined as LTFU occurring after 5 years on ART.

Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis decreases tuberculosis risk among Asian patients with HIV.

Introduction: Cotrimoxazole (CTX) is recommended as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, malaria and other serious bacterial infections in HIV-infected patients. Despite its in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the effects of CTX preventive therapy on tuberculosis (TB) remain unclear.

Methods: Adults living with HIV enrolled in a regional observational cohort in Asia who had initiated combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) were included in the analysis.

Cardiovascular disease incidence projections in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD).

Background: We aimed to project the 10-year future incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and model several intervention scenarios based on a multi-site Asian HIV-positive cohort.

Methods: Analyses were based on patients recruited to the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD), consisting of 21 sites in 12 countries. Patients on triple antiretroviral therapy (ART) were included if they were alive, without previous CVD, and had data on CVD risk factors.

Use of Antiretroviral Drug Testing to Assess the Accuracy of Self-reported Data from HIV-Infected People Who Inject Drugs.

We used antiretroviral (ARV) drug testing to evaluate the accuracy of self-reported data for HIV status and antiretroviral treatment (ART) among people who inject drugs enrolled in an HIV prevention trial. ARV drugs were detected in enrollment samples from 72/482 = 14.9% HIV-infected participants (39/52 = 75.

Questionnaire-Based Survey on Management of Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Cancer in East Asian Countries.

Background/aims: To elucidate the current management of ulcerative colitis (UC)-associated cancer, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted to gather current opinions on colitis-associated cancer in different East Asian countries.

Methods: The questionnaire, based on physicians, contains 9 questions focused on UC management and cancer surveillance. In addition, the questionnaire based on neoplastic cases, which contains 17 questions, was collected and analyzed.

Regional differences between people who inject drugs in an HIV prevention trial integrating treatment and prevention (HPTN 074): a baseline analysis.

Introduction: People who inject drugs (PWID) experience high HIV incidence and face significant barriers to engagement in HIV care and substance use treatment. Strategies for HIV treatment as prevention and substance use treatment present unique challenges in PWID that may vary regionally. Understanding differences in the risk structure for HIV transmission and disease progression among PWID is essential in developing and effectively targeting intervention strategies of HIV treatment as prevention.

Type 1 interferon-inducible gene expression in QuantiFERON Gold TB-positive uveitis: A tool to stratify a high versus low risk of active tuberculosis?

QuantiFERON-Gold TB (QFT)-positive patients with undetermined cause of uveitis are problematic in terms of whether to diagnose and treat them for tuberculosis (TB). Here, we investigated whether peripheral blood expression of type 1 interferon (IFN)-inducible genes may be of use to stratify QFT-positive patients with uveitis into groups of high versus low risk of having active TB-associated uveitis. We recruited all new uveitis patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia for one year.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescent: an Indonesian perspective.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents has increased globally over the past 2 decades. Metabolic syndrome, including obesity and overweight at a young age, increases the occurrence of T2DM. Studies in Indonesia have found that obese children and adolescents are more likely to have insulin resistance, a risk factor for T2DM.

Survival analysis and development of a prognostic nomogram for bone-metastatic prostate cancer patients: A single-center experience in Indonesia.

Objectives: To analyze predictive clinical factors of survival in bone-metastatic prostate cancer, and to develop a prognostic nomogram for patients with this condition.

Methods: The present study included 392 patients with bone-metastatic prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy. Pretreatment parameters were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model to identify the predictors of overall survival.

Early suboptimal ART adherence was associated with missed clinical visits in HIV-infected patients in Asia.

Missed clinic visits can lead to poorer treatment outcomes in HIV-infected patients. Suboptimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence has been linked to subsequent missed visits. Knowing the determinants of missed visits in Asian patients will allow for appropriate counselling and intervention strategies to ensure continuous engagement in care.

Comparison of Deferiprone to Deferasirox and Deferoxamine to Cardiac and Hepatic T2* MRI in Thalassemia Patients: Evidence-based Case Report.

Background: there are currently three iron chelator readily available for patients Indonesia; deferiprone/DFP (branded as Ferriprox), deferasirox/DFX (branded as Exjade) and deferoxamine/DFO (branded as Desferal). This study aims to determine which iron chelator is the most efficient in reducing cardiac and hepatic iron overload (measured by means of T2* MRI).

Methods: journal search with determined MeSH term was done in PubMed and Scopus.

Placenta accreta complicated with peripartum cardiomyopathy.

A 33-year-old G2P1 was referred to our hospital due to placenta accreta. During perioperative preparations, the patient was diagnosed with having a peripartum cardiomyopathy. The patient underwent caesarean hysterectomy at 36 weeks with an associated 2 L blood loss.

Socio-economic status and risk of tuberculosis: a case-control study of HIV-infected patients in Asia.

Setting: Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related opportunistic infection and cause of acquired immune-deficiency syndrome related death. TB often affects those from a low socio-economic background.

Objective: To assess the socio-economic determinants of TB in HIV-infected patients in Asia.

Questionnaire-Based Survey on Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Management of Antithrombotic Agents during Endoscopy Among Asian Countries.

Objective: Guidelines on the management of antithrombotic therapy for endoscopic procedures vary among countries. Differences in the management of antithrombotic agents for endoscopic procedures between Western and Eastern countries have already been reported. However, no study has investigated the differences among Asian countries.

Anti-Müllerian hormone as a predictor of polycystic ovary syndrome treated with clomiphene citrate.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the threshold of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as predictor of follicular growth failure in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients treated with clomiphene citrate (CC).

Methods: Fifty female subjects with PCOS were recruited and divided into two groups based on successful and unsuccessful follicular growth. Related variables such as age, infertility duration, cigarette smoking, use of Moslem hijab, sunlight exposure, fiber intake, body mass index, waist circumference, AMH level, 25-hydroxy vitamin D level, and growth of dominant follicles were obtained, assessed, and statistically analyzed.

Clinical Factors Predictive of Metastases from Renal Cell Carcinomas.

Background: Lymph node and distant metastases are known as the prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Clinical parameters are needed to predict metastases preoperatively. The aim of this study was to assess clinical predictive factors for lymph node and distant metastases.