Exploring the Resilience, Strengths, Coping Strategies, and Cultural Influences in African Families Impacted by Intimate Partner Violence: A Scoping Review.

Efforts to ascertain the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Africa have been ongoing, but comparatively, scant attention has been directed toward investigating the coping strategies utilized by families affected by IPV as well as the cultural dynamics that influence their actions. This scoping review examines the literature on the coping strategies and cultural influences that affect families experiencing IPV in Africa. Using the methodology outlined by Arksey and O'Malley, we conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, identifying 35 articles conducted across 10 African countries that met our inclusion criteria.

Neural sensitivity to others' belief states in infancy predicts later theory of mind reasoning in childhood.

While pre-verbal infants may be sensitive to others' mental states, they are not able to accurately answer questions about them until several years later, an ability referred to as having a theory of mind. Here we ask whether infant social-cognitive sensitivity is subserved by the same brain mechanisms as those that support theory of mind in childhood. To do so, we explored the relationship between functional sensitivity of the right temporal-parietal junction to mental state processing in infancy, a region known to underlie theory of mind in older children, and explicit theory of mind reasoning in the same group several years later.

Network analysis of cattle movement among municipalities in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from 2013 to 2023.

The aim of this study was to characterize the movement among municipalities in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, and to perform a network analysis based on these movements. Data on cattle movement in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from January 2013 to August 2023 were acquired from Guia de Trânsito Animal (GTA) (Animal Transit Guide), mandatory in Brazil for all livestock movements, provided by Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária (IMA) (State Animal Health Authority). Descriptive analysis was performed, the five most common municipalities that were the origin and destination of movements were described, and the reason for transportation was assessed.

Situating the salience and parietal memory networks in the context of multiple parallel distributed networks using precision functional mapping.

Brain networks serving higher cognitive functions are widely distributed across frontal and posterior association zones. Two exceptions have been the parietal memory network (PMN) and salience network (SAL), which are typically restricted to posterior (e.g.

Social isolation increases impulsive choice with minor changes on metabolic function in middle-aged rats.

The effects of social isolation (SI) during middle age remain unclear, so we tested the hypothesis that SI would lead to an increase in impulsive choice (IC), anxiety-like behavior, and metabolic dysfunction in middle-aged rats. Male and female rats were housed individually or in groups of four with same-sex housing mates at 11 months of age. Two months later, IC behavior was assessed using a delay-discounting task and anxiety-like behavior through a novelty-suppressed feeding (NSF) task.

Interactions Between Humans and White-Tailed Deer in Illinois: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

SARS-CoV-2 has been found in multiple species, including cervids such as wild white-tailed deer (WTD), in multiple regions in the United States, including Illinois. The virus has been shown to transmit among WTD, and across species in both directions (deer-to-humans and humans-to-deer). Cross-species transmission requires infectious contact between WTD and humans, the form and frequency of which is poorly understood.

Explicating college students' COVID-19 prevention behaviors: Integrating information seeking and response efficacy into the reasoned action approach.

This study investigated correlations between college students' intentions to adopt COVID-19 prevention behaviors (i.e., handwashing, mask wearing, and social distancing) and their attitudes, perceived norms, perceived efficacy, and information seeking.

Not-so-fragile matter.

A three-dimensional chain has strain-dependent solid-like and liquid-like behaviors.

Probing the functional constraints of influenza A virus NEP by deep mutational scanning.

The influenza A virus nuclear export protein (NEP) is a multifunctional protein that is essential for the viral life cycle and has very high sequence conservation. However, since the open reading frame of NEP largely overlaps with that of another influenza viral protein, non-structural protein 1, it is difficult to infer the functional constraints of NEP based on sequence conservation analysis. In addition, the N-terminal of NEP is structurally disordered, which further complicates the understanding of its function.

Leveraging Ergonomics and Human Factors (E/HF) for community impact: what have we learned about how to make a difference.

Ergonomics and Human Factors (E/HF) practitioners are increasingly engaged in projects meant to centre underserved communities and reduce inequities. The subdiscipline of E/HF that has emerged to explore the application of E/HF in this way is called community ergonomics. In this qualitative-descriptive study, we reflect on the progress made in the field of community ergonomics since its original conceptualisation in 1994.

Emerging Trends and Future Opportunities for Battery Recycling.

The global lithium-ion battery recycling capacity needs to increase by a factor of 50 in the next decade to meet the projected adoption of electric vehicles. During this expansion of recycling capacity, it is unclear which technologies are most appropriate to reduce costs and environmental impacts. Here, we describe the current and future recycling capacity situation and summarize methods for quantifying costs and environmental impacts of battery recycling methods with a focus on cathode active materials.

Implications of Hemispheric Shift of Sensory Feedback during Post-stroke Motor Control on Personalized Stroke Rehabilitation.

Sensory feedback is crucial for motor control as it establishes the internal representation of motion. This study investigates changes in sensory feedback in hemiparetic stroke by analyzing the laterality index (LI) of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) during movements of the paretic arm, focusing on a shift from the lesioned to the contralesional hemisphere. Three chronic stroke participants performed isometric lifts of their paretic arms at two different levels of their maximum voluntary contraction while receiving tactile finger stimulation.

Co-targeting of metabolism using dietary and pharmacologic approaches reduces breast cancer metastatic burden.

Patients with metastatic breast cancer face reduced quality of life and increased mortality rates, necessitating more effective anti-cancer strategies. Building on previous research that identified metastatic-niche-specific metabolic vulnerabilities, we investigated how a ketogenic diet enhances estrogen receptor (ER)-positive liver metastatic breast cancer's response to Fulvestrant (Fulv) treatment. Using in vitro cell lines and in vivo xenograft metastasis mouse models, we examined the molecular mechanisms of combining ER targeting with a ketogenic diet.

Intervalence plasmons in boron-doped diamond.

Doped semiconductors can exhibit metallic-like properties ranging from superconductivity to tunable localized surface plasmon resonances. Diamond is a wide-bandgap semiconductor that is rendered electronically active by incorporating a hole dopant, boron. While the effects of boron doping on the electronic band structure of diamond are well-studied, any link between charge carriers and plasmons has never been shown.

Disentangling emotional source memory: a mega-analysis on the effects of emotion on item-context binding in episodic long-term memory.

Introduction: It has long been known that highly arousing emotional single items are better recollected than low arousing neutral items. Despite the robustness of this memory advantage, emotional arousing events may not always promote the retrieval of source details (i.e.

Use of Bio-Layer Interferometry (BLI) to Measure Binding Affinities of SNAREs and Phosphoinositides.

Bio-Layer Interferometry (BLI) is a technique that uses optical biosensing to analyze interactions between molecules. The analysis of molecular interactions is measured in real-time and does not require fluorescent tags. BLI uses disposable biosensors that come in a variety of formats to bind different ligands including biotin, hexahistidine, GST, and the Fc portion of antibodies.

Secondary bile acid derivatives are contributors to the fecal bile acid pool and associated with bile acid modulating nutrients.

Objective: Accumulation of hydrophobic bile acids is linked with cancer development. However, derivatives of deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA) produced via bacterial metabolism may mitigate the proinflammatory and cytotoxic effects of hydrophobic bile acids. The impact of diet on secondary bile acid (BA) derivative production has not been determined.

Worldwide Policy, Surveillance, and Research on Physical Education and School-Based Physical Activity: The Global Observatory for Physical Education (GoPE!) Conceptual Framework and Research Protocol.

Introduction: The Global Observatory for Physical Education (GoPE!) builds on the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) to address gaps in surveillance, policy, and research on physical education (PE) and activity (PA). GoPE! is a worldwide surveillance system of quality PE and school-based PA that informs policy and interventions and allows comparative analysis so that each country and region can check their status and progress. This paper presents GoPE!'s conceptual framework and describes the research protocol as a cross-continental and evidence-based surveillance system.

The structure and motivational significance of early beliefs about ability.

Adults hold a broad range of beliefs about intellectual ability. Key examples include beliefs about its malleability, its distribution in the population, whether high levels of it ("brilliance") are necessary for success, its origins, and its responsiveness to intervention. Here, we examined the structure and motivational significance of this network of consequential beliefs in a sample of elementary school-age children (5- to 11-year-olds, = 231; 116 girls, 112 boys, three gender nonbinary children; predominantly White and Asian children from relatively high-income backgrounds).

Initial abiotic factors as key drivers in core microbe assembly: Regulatory effects on flavor profiles in light-flavor .

Instability in initial abiotic factors of open solid-state fermentation systems can significantly alter 's flavor profile, but the mechanisms governing microbial interactions and flavor formation remain unclear. This study comprehensively monitored changes in abiotic factors, microbial communities, and flavor profiles across two distinct fermentation processes in a distillery, which differed significantly in their management of initial abiotic factors. Our results revealed significant differences in abiotic factors between the two groups, including moisture, ethanol, acidity, glucose, and organic acid levels.

Associations of prenatal maternal psychosocial stress and depression with neurodevelopmental outcomes in 7.5-month-old infants in the ECHO.CA.IL prospective birth cohorts.

Background: Exposure to maternal stress and depression during pregnancy can have a marked impact on birth outcomes and child development, escalating the likelihood of preterm birth, lower birth weight, and various domains of physical and neurodevelopment.

Methods: The joint ECHO.CA.

Cell Membrane Fatty Acids and PIPs Modulate the Etiology of Pancreatic Cancer by Regulating AKT.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the worst solid malignancies in regard to outcomes and metabolic dysfunction leading to cachexia. It is alarming that PDAC incidence rates continue to increase and warrant the need for innovative approaches to combat this disease. Due to its relatively slow progression (10-20 years), prevention strategies represent an effective means to improve outcomes.