A novel LC-TQ-MS/MS method for quantifying mefenamic acid-NDSRI (N-nitroso drug substance-related impurity) in mefenamic acid tablet and pediatric suspension dosage forms: a comparative study with a cost-effective white, green, and blue UPLC method.

The current research presents novel LC-TQ-MS/MS and cost-effective UPLC methods intended for the accurate quantification of mefenamic acid-N-nitroso drug substance-related impurity-NDSRI (N-MFA) in mefenamic acid (MFA) tablet and pediatric suspension dosage forms. The acceptable intake of N-MFA is derived from the TD50 (Median Toxic Dose-50%) value of N-nitroso diphenylamine. The analytical separation was achieved for the UPLC method using an XBridge BEH Shield RP18 Column (150 × 3.

Fast-Charging High-Specific Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Oleophilic Garnet Suspension Electrolyte.

Realizing fast charging in high-specific-energy lithium metal batteries (LMBs) remains a significant challenge. Here, a oleophilic garnet suspension electrolyte design is reported, using inorganic solid electrolyte modified by low-surface-energy 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane (PFOTS), to address the dilemma of fast charging and high specific energy in LMBs. With the oleophilic suspension electrolytes, the ionic conductivity of carbonate electrolyte is increased by ≈20%.

Design of an integrated model with temporal graph attention and transformer-augmented RNNs for enhanced anomaly detection.

It is important in the rising demands to have efficient anomaly detection in camera surveillance systems for improving public safety in a complex environment. Most of the available methods usually fail to capture the long-term temporal dependencies and spatial correlations, especially in dynamic multi-camera settings. Also, many traditional methods rely heavily on large labeled datasets, generalizing poorly when encountering unseen anomalies in the process.

Understanding gender inequities in antimicrobial resistance: role of biology, behaviour and gender norms.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical public health threat, with gendered implications that are often overlooked. Key drivers of bacterial AMR include the misuse of antibiotics, inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene infrastructure and poor infection control practices. Persistent gender discrimination exacerbates these issues, resulting in disparities in healthcare access and outcomes.

Enantiodivergent Synthesis of Both ()- and ()-Heteroaryl Aldols by Rationally Engineered Aldolases.

Aldolases, especially 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) enzymes, have been widely employed to access key chiral precursors for various active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). This has been enabled by expanding their substrate scope toward non-natural acceptors and donors via protein engineering. In this study, we endeavored to broaden the acceptor substrate scope of DERA from sp.

Factors Associated With the Development of Heart Failure Following Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains a major global health burden, encompassing a spectrum of conditions from unstable angina to acute myocardial infarction. Despite advancements in early detection and management, ACS is often complicated by the development of heart failure. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify factors associated with the development of heart failure following acute coronary syndrome.

BIMSSA: enhancing cancer prediction with salp swarm optimization and ensemble machine learning approaches.

Background: Cancer rates are rising rapidly, causing global mortality. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 9.9 million people died from cancer in 2020.

Change in mineral composition and cooking quality in legumes grown on semi-arid alfisols due to elevated CO and temperature.

This study aimed to determine the effects of elevated carbon dioxide (eCO) and temperature (eT) on the phytochemical and nutritional parameters of legumes. Field experiments were conducted using black gram ( L.), green gram ( L.

Vitreomacular traction - a review.

Vitreomacular traction (VMT) is characterised by abnormal adhesion of the posterior cortical vitreous with the macula causing distortion of the foveal contour and associated with symptoms of reduction in visual acuity and/or metamorphopsia. This review article explores the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic and treatment options for VMT. Advances in imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) have revolutionized the understanding of the vitreoretinal interface abnormalities and helps in monitoring the disease progression.

Identifying the greatest surgeon-perceived barriers and challenges in performing corneal transplantation in India.

Objective: There is currently no systematic method of assessing limitations in performing corneal transplantation. The purpose of the study was to identify the limitations of performing corneal transplantation in India.

Design: Cross-sectional survey study.

Visible-Light-Induced Insertion of Siloxycarbene into Amide N-H Bonds: Synthesis of Carbinolamides from Acylsilanes and Amides.

The insertion of carbene into secondary amide N-H bonds remains underexplored in organic synthesis. In this work, we discovered the visible-light-induced insertion of siloxycarbene into amide N-H bonds. This metal-free, facile reaction proceeds with atom economy under mild conditions with a broad range of secondary N-H amides, including benzanilide, acetanilide, oxindole, isatin, quinolinone, and maleimide, affording stable - and -acetals in excellent isolated yields.

A brief review on the progress of MXene-based catalysts for electro- and photochemical water splitting for hydrogen generation.

The development and generation of affordable and highly efficient energy, particularly hydrogen, are one of the best approaches to address the challenges posed by the depletion of non-renewable energy sources. Hydrogen energy, as a green and ecosystem-friendly source with zero carbon emission, can be generated through various methods, including water splitting (HER/OER) either photo- or electrocatalytic reactions. To implement these reactions effectively in practical applications, it is highly desirable to develop extremely efficient and cost-effective catalytic materials that are comparable to contemporary catalysts.

Using primary and routinely collected data to determine prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in rural China: a representative cross-sectional study of 6474 Chinese adults.

Background: In China, rising chronic diseases has coincided with the increasing burden of multimorbidity, particularly for vulnerable populations. Limited primary data are available to understand the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity, especially in resource-limited rural areas. This study aims to conduct robust evaluations of the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among rural adults in China, and to compare the differences in prevalence and patterns when using primary data alone versus in combination with routinely collected data.

Discovery of 2-Pyrazolines That Inhibit the Phosphorylation of STAT3 as Nanomolar Cytotoxic Agents.

STAT3 has emerged as a validated target in cancer, being functionally associated with breast cancer (BC) development, growth, resistance to chemotherapy, metastasis, and evasion of immune surveillance. Previously, a series of compounds consisting of imidazo[1,2-]pyridine tethered 2-pyrazolines (referred to as ITPs) were developed that inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC cells. Herein, a new library of derivatives consisting of imidazo[1,2-]pyridine clubbed 2-pyrazolines (-) and its amide derivatives (-) have been synthesized.

The role of lncRNAs in the interplay of signaling pathways and epigenetic mechanisms in glioma.

Gliomas, highly aggressive tumors of the central nervous system, present overwhelming challenges due to their heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most malignant form, underscores this clinical urgency due to dismal prognosis despite aggressive treatment regimens. Recent advances in cancer research revealed signaling pathways and epigenetic mechanisms that intricately govern glioma progression, offering multifaceted targets for therapeutic intervention.

Anticancer efficacy of thiazole-naphthyl derivatives targeting DNA: Synthesis, crystal structure, density functional theory, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics studies.

Two newly synthesized ligands, 1-((2-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiazol-2-yl)hydrazono)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol (HL1) and 1-((2-(4-(naphthalen-1-yl)thiazol-2-yl)hydrazono)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol (HL2) were characterized using spectroscopy and single X-ray crystallography. Both belong to triclinic systems with space groups P21/c (HL1) and P-1 (HL2), exhibiting planar structures. Biological assays revealed significant antitumor activity, with HL2 showing significant antitumor activity against HepG2 cells (IC: 3.

Assessment of Outcomes & Anatomical Changes in the Upper Urinary Tract following Flexible Ureteroscopy with a Flexible and Navigable Suction Ureteral Access Sheath (FANS): 3-Month Results from a Multicenter Study.

Objectives: To study the long-term outcomes of the flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheath (FANS) in flexible ureteroscopy (FURS). FANS has well-established efficiency and 30-day perioperative safety; however, its influence on pelvicalyceal and ureteric anatomy remains to be investigated.

Methods: This was a prospective study of patients with normal renal anatomy who underwent FURS with FANS for renal stones from April 2023 to August 2024 in 16 centers worldwide.

Repeatability of lipid layer thickness using LipiView® following removal of contact lenses and its relationship to comfort.

Purpose: To assess the repeatability of lipid layer thickness (LLT) measurement using the LipiView® interferometer after daily disposable contact lens (CL) wear and correlation with ocular comfort in soft contact lens wearers.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted over two consecutive months, wherein CL wearers (n = 20) wore either Somofilcon A or Verofilcon A daily disposable CLs in a crossover design, switching lenses after 1 month. The pre-corneal tear film LLT was measured at the end of each month after CLs had been worn for at least 6 h.

A two-tier optimization strategy for feature selection in robust adversarial attack mitigation on internet of things network security.

Adversarial attacks were commonly considered in computer vision (CV), but their effect on network security apps rests in the field of open investigation. As IoT, AI, and 5G endure to unite and understand the potential of Industry 4.0, security events and incidents on IoT systems have been enlarged.

Spin transport properties in a topological insulator sandwiched between two-dimensional magnetic layers.

Non-trivial band topology along with magnetism leads to different novel quantum phases. When time-reversal symmetry is broken in three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) through, e.g.

Estimating the epidemiological and economic impact of providing nutritional care for tuberculosis-affected households across India: a modelling study.

Background: Approximately 20% of global tuberculosis incidence is attributable to undernutrition, increasing to more than a third in India. Targeting nutritional interventions to tuberculosis-affected households is a policy priority, but understanding of epidemiological and economic impacts is limited. We aimed to estimate the population-level epidemiological and economic effect of such an intervention.