Risk rates and profiles at intake in child and adolescent mental health services: A cohort and latent class analyses of 21,688 young people in South London.

Background: Children and young people (CYP) seen by child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) often experience safeguarding issues. Yet little is known about the volume and nature of these risks, including how different adversities or risks relate to one another. This exploratory study aims to bridge this gap, examining rates at entry to services and profiles of risk using a latent class analysis.

Dicobalt(ii) helices kill colon cancer cells enantiomer-specific mechanisms; DNA damage or microtubule disruption.

Highly diastereoselective self-assembly reactions give both enantiomers (Λ and Δ) of anti-parallel triple-stranded bimetallic Co(ii) and Co(iii) cationic helices, without the need for resolution; the first such reaction for Co. The complexes are water soluble and stable, even in the case of Co(ii). Studies in a range of cancer and healthy cell lines indicate high activity and selectivity, and substantial differences between enantiomers.

Single-dose ibuprofen induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.

Key Clinical Message: Ibuprofen single dose may rarely induce Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, emphasizing the vital need for heightened vigilance in healthcare and public awareness for safer medication practices.

Abstract: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a severe and potentially life-threatening skin disorder associated with certain medications, including ibuprofen. We present a case of a 45-year-old woman who developed SJS following a single dose of ibuprofen.

Can we identify the prevalence of perinatal mental health using routinely collected health data?: A review of publicly available perinatal mental health data sources in England.

Introduction: Perinatal mental health (PMH) conditions affect around one in four women, and may be even higher in women from some ethnic minority groups and those living in low socioeconomic circumstances. Poor PMH causes significant distress and can have lifelong adverse impacts for some children. In England, current prevalence rates are estimated using mental health data of the general population and do not take sociodemographic variance of geographical areas into account.

Influence of prismatic effect due to decentration of optical center in ophthalmic lens.

Background And Aims: Induced prismatic effects due to poor fitting spectacle frames is a common problem, seen in most of the spectacle wearers and this improper fitting is often due to optical center demarcation on lenses and this error causes asthenopic symptoms and diplopia. However, these errors are most common in developing countries due to lack of awareness, hence a standardized regulation is required. The current study aimed to estimate the amount of prismatic effect that is induced due to the decentration of an optical center in ophthalmic lens.

Color vision devices for color vision deficiency patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: There is insufficient evidence to support that using electronic or optical color vision devices improve color perception with current advanced technology. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the different color vision devices available for patients with color vision deficiency (CVD) and evaluate whether these devices improved their color perception.

Methods: This review included randomized, experimental, comparative studies, as well as narrative reviews, prototype and innovation studies, and translational studies, followed by case-control and clinical trials with nonsurgical interventions studies, that is, electronic color vision devices, optical devices, and contact lens-based studies, with standardized inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Solidarity, not charity: Learning the lessons of the COVID-19 pandemic to reconceptualise the radicality of mutual aid.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly ruptured our global society. We have seen health care systems, governments and commerce buckle under the strain of disease, lockdowns and unrest, but the rupture has also created space for radical (and anarchist) politics of mutual aid, as societal organising principles, to move into a more prominent position (and offers potential for this shift to remain after the crisis has subsided). However, in the short time since mutual aid has been thrust into the limelight, we have seen a multiplicity and spectrum of geographies, applications and approaches.

Surgical excision of complex lipoma from the foot: A case report.

Malignant soft tissue tumors of the foot and ankle are rare but diagnostic imaging and/or interventional biopsy are vital to establish the nature and grading of a suspicious tumor prior to definitive surgical intervention. The purpose of the study is to provide an account on how a symptomatic mass of the plantar aspect of the foot warranted a referral to a sarcoma center, highlighting the importance of having access to diagnostic imaging and a pathway to refer suspected cases to specialist centers. A single patient with a symptomatic soft tissue tumor of the plantar foot was referred from our service to the regional sarcoma center who considered to be benign, and therefore, open surgical resection was performed by our team.

Health-related outcomes in patients enrolled on surgical and non-surgical routes in a weight management service.

Background And Aims: This study evaluates a specialist weight management service and compares outcomes in participants referred to the service undergoing either surgery or non-surgical routes to support weight loss.

Methods: Four hundred and forty eight participants were assessed on various weight-related outcomes (body mass index [BMI], psychological distress, quality of life, nutrition, weight-related symptoms, physical activity) on referral to the service and on discharge. The effect of group (surgery or non-surgery) and time in the service were facilitated by doubly multivariate analyses of variance models.

The Underappreciated Role of Advance Directives: How the Pandemic Revitalises Advance Care Planning Actions.

Covid-19 continues to alter our way of living and dying. Much attention has focused on how to resolve pressing issues surrounding resource allocation and competing public health ethics. While these are important discussions, the legal and ethical dilemmas of treatment decisions remain highly critical.

Prototypic Lightweight Alloy Design for Stellar-Radiation Environments.

The existing literature data shows that conventional aluminium alloys may not be suitable for use in stellar-radiation environments as their hardening phases are prone to dissolve upon exposure to energetic irradiation, resulting in alloy softening which may reduce the lifetime of such materials impairing future human-based space missions. The innovative methodology of crossover alloying is herein used to synthesize an aluminium alloy with a radiation resistant hardening phase. This alloy-a crossover of 5xxx and 7xxx series Al-alloys-is subjected to extreme heavy ion irradiations in situ within a TEM up to a dose of 1 dpa and major experimental observations are made: the Mg(Zn,Al) hardening precipitates (denoted as T-phase) for this alloy system surprisingly survive the extreme irradiation conditions, no cavities are found to nucleate and displacement damage is observed to develop in the form of black-spots.

3D nanoscale advanced imaging algorithms with integrated chemical imaging for the characterisation of pharmaceuticals.

The present study aimed to develop and validate an advanced image stitching algorithm integrated with chemical imaging at the nanometre scale. This was applied to track the swelling, erosion, drug release and changes in surface texture of a swelling-controlled release system. The technique involves the delivery and withdrawal of a liquid droplet from the surface of the tablet alongside capturing multiple images of tablet surface using white light profilometry.

The most primitive metazoan animals, the placozoans, show high sensitivity to increasing ocean temperatures and acidities.

The increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) leads to rising temperatures and acidification in the oceans, which directly or indirectly affects all marine organisms, from bacteria to animals. We here ask whether the simplest-and possibly also the oldest-metazoan animals, the placozoans, are particularly sensitive to ocean warming and acidification. Placozoans are found in all warm and temperate oceans and are soft-bodied, microscopic invertebrates lacking any calcified structures, organs, or symmetry.

The Complexity of the ERK/MAP-Kinase Pathway and the Treatment of Melanoma Skin Cancer.

The central role played by the ERK/MAPK pathway downstream of RAS in human neoplasias is best exemplified in the context of melanoma skin cancer. Signaling through the MAPK pathway is crucial for the proliferation of melanocytes, the healthy pigment cells that give rise to melanoma. However, hyper-activation of the MAPK-pathway is found in over 90% of melanomas with approximately 50% of all patients displaying mutations in the kinase BRAF, and approximately 28% of all patients harboring mutations in the MAPK-pathway up-stream regulator NRAS.

Expert interpretation of bar and line graphs: the role of graphicacy in reducing the effect of graph format.

The distinction between informational and computational equivalence of representations, first articulated by Larkin and Simon (1987) has been a fundamental principle in the analysis of diagrammatic reasoning which has been supported empirically on numerous occasions. We present an experiment that investigates this principle in relation to the performance of expert graph users of 2 × 2 "interaction" bar and line graphs. The study sought to determine whether expert interpretation is affected by graph format in the same way that novice interpretations are.

The presence of both serotonin 1A receptor (HTR1A) and dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene variants increase the risk of borderline personality disorder.

Dysfunction in the dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems has been demonstrated to be important in the etiology of borderline personality disorder (BPD). We investigated the relationship of two BPD risk factors, the HTR1A promoter polymorphism -1019C > G (rs6295) and the dopamine transporter (DAT1) repeat allele, with BPD in a major depressive disorder cohort of 367 patients. Out-patients with major depressive disorder were recruited for two treatment trials and assessed for personality disorders, including BPD.