The compliance of free folic acid supplements among pregnant women in rural areas of Northwestern China: The role of related knowledge.

Background: High prevalence of neural tube defects remains one of the major threats to newborns in rural China. Folic acid supplementation before and during early pregnancy can effectively reduce the risk of neural tube defects. Despite the efforts of the free folic acid mass distribution, the actual usage of folic acid supplements was still suboptimal among rural pregnant women in China.

The Darker the Skin, the Greater the Disparity? Why a Reliance on Visible Injuries Fosters Health, Legal, and Racial Disparities in Domestic Violence Complaints Involving Strangulation.

The reliance on external injuries for justice is misguided given that assault injuries may be less visible among victims of color due to increased melanin in the skin. To date, however, less is known whether racial/ethnic disparities extend to officers' identification of signs of nonfatal strangulation (NFS). The current study estimates the extent of NFS indicators identified by officers who completed a standardized strangulation assessment in 133 family violence complaints.

Low Intake of Choline Is Associated with Diminished Strength and Lean Mass Gains in Older Adults.

Objectives: Choline is an essential micronutrient for many physiological processes related to exercise training including biosynthesis of acetylcholine. Though dietary choline intake has been studied in relation to endurance training and performance, none have studied it during resistance exercise training (RET) in older adults. The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between choline intake and muscle responses to RET in older adults.

Comprehensive Structure of the Female Marine Water-Strider Distant, 1915 from Pranburi River Estuary, Thailand: New Information for the Genus .

The objective of this study was to describe the structure and histochemistry of the systemic organs in the female marine water-strider from Pranburi river estuary, Thailand. Results from this study revealed for the first time that the integumentary system of this species consisted of three layers including epicuticle, exocuticle and endocuticle. The muscular system apparently contained only skeletal muscle along the body.

Victim reactions to being stalked: Examining the effects of perceived offender characteristics and motivations.

The current research utilized the National Crime Victimization Survey Supplemental Victimization Survey to investigate stalking in the United States. These data, collected from stalking victims, address the relationship between victims' perceptions of the stalker's motives on two post-victimization outcomes. Specifically, we examined the relationship between the victim's assessment of motive and the degree of harm they reported, along with exploring the relationship between harm and the likelihoods of engaging in self-protective behaviors.

COVID-19 Infection among Family and Friends: The Psychological Impact on Non-Infected Persons.

Little is known about the mental health impact of having a family member or friend infected with COVID-19. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive national assessment of the psychological impact of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, or death among family members and friends. A multi-item valid and reliable questionnaire was deployed online to recruit adults in the U.

Phylogenetic annotation of heat shock protein 70 genes.

Annotation of the 70 kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp70s) has been chaotic especially in invertebrates. In this study, we validated an emerging nomenclature of Hsp70s, which can be potentially applied to all metazoan Hsp70s, by conducting a genome-wide annotation of Hsp70s. Using the phylogenetic annotation, the seven canonical Hsp70s were successfully classified into four known lineages, cytosolic A, cytosolic B, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria.

Can Digital Economy Promote Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in Heavily Polluting Enterprises? Empirical Evidence from China.

This paper examines the impact of digital economy on corporate energy conservation and emission reduction (CECER) using China's A-share listed heavily polluting enterprises from 2012 to 2019 as a sample. Our results show that: (1) Digital economy can significantly increase CECER, and this effect is significant for mining and manufacturing enterprises, and less significant for power, heat production and supply enterprises; (2) Mechanism research shows that digital economy promotes CECER through enhancing the green technology innovation capability, easing the financing constraints, and boosting market competition; (3) Heterogeneity research indicates that the promotion of digital economy to CECER is more significant in economically developed regions and regions with less financial pressure from local governments. This paper clarifies the factors influencing CECER and provides empirical evidence for achieving digital economy development and government goals for CECER.

Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling in the Trabecular Meshwork.

Primary open-angle glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. With limited therapeutics targeting the pathogenesis at the trabecular meshwork (TM), there is a great need for identifying potential new targets. Recent evidence has implicated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and it is signaling pathway in augmenting the effects of transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGFβ2) and downstream extracellular matrix production.

Phylogenetic annotation of heat shock protein 70 genes.

The traditional classification of stress-inducible 70 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) and heat shock cognate (Hsc70) requires a revision because of a recent finding that neither of them constitutes a monophyletic gene family. Here we inferred a phylogenetic relationship among Hsp70 family members. Hsp70 family members were separated into four known metazoan Hsp70 lineages: cytosolic A, cytosolic B, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria.

MicroRNA-dependent regulation of targeted mRNAs for improved muscle texture in crisp grass carp fed with broad bean.

Among legumes, broad bean (Vicia faba L.) has received particular attention due to its nutraceutical, functional and economic importance. The plant-derived microRNAs (miRNAs), as novel dietary functional components, are found to regulate the expression of endogenous mRNAs in vertebrates.

Effects of long-term exposure to high temperature on growth performance, chemical composition, hematological and histological changes, and physiological responses in hybrid catfish [♂Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) ×♀C. macrocephalus (Günther, 1864)].

The anthropogenic and climate-driven rise in water temperature is expected to have an effect on the physiological functions of ectothermic species. In the present study, hybrid catfish were subjected to three different temperatures (27, 32, and 37 °C) for 50 days to examine the effect of long-term exposure to high temperatures on growth and physiological parameters. The results showed that acclimation temperature improves growth and feed utilization with a quadratic effect (P < 0.

An update on the evolutionary origin of aglomerular kidney with structural and ultrastructural descriptions of the kidney in three fish species.

The kidney of fish contains numerous nephrons, each of which is divided into the renal corpuscle and renal tubules. This glomerular structure is the filtration unit of the nephron and is important for the kidney function, but it has been reported that the renal corpuscle was lost in at least four independent linages of fish (i.e.

Gut-derived butyrate suppresses ocular surface inflammation.

Dry eye is a common ocular inflammatory disorder characterized by tear film instability and reduced tear production. There is increasing evidence that homeostasis of the ocular surface is impacted by the intestinal microbiome. We are interested in investigating the potential role of microbially produced small molecules in mediating the interaction between the intestinal microbiota and the ocular surface.

Implantable Devices for the Treatment of Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the female population worldwide. Standard treatments such as chemotherapy show noticeable results. However, along with killing cancer cells, it causes systemic toxicity and apoptosis of the nearby healthy cells, therefore patients must endure side effects during the treatment process.

A genome-wide screening of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) genes in the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis sensu stricto with a characterization of two heat-inducible HSP70 genes.

The 70 kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70s) and the constitutive members of the HSP70 family (heat shock cognates; HSC70s) play essential roles in various biological processes. The number of hsp70/hsc70 in the database is rapidly increasing because of their importance and the automatic annotation of newly sequenced genomes. However, accumulating evidence indicates that neither hsp70 nor hsc70 forms a monophyletic gene family, raising the need to reconsider the annotation strategy based on the traditional concept of the inducible HSP70 and constitutive HSC70s.

Consensus Recommendation for Mouse Models of Ocular Hypertension to Study Aqueous Humor Outflow and Its Mechanisms.

Due to their similarities in anatomy, physiology, and pharmacology to humans, mice are a valuable model system to study the generation and mechanisms modulating conventional outflow resistance and thus intraocular pressure. In addition, mouse models are critical for understanding the complex nature of conventional outflow homeostasis and dysfunction that results in ocular hypertension. In this review, we describe a set of minimum acceptable standards for developing, characterizing, and utilizing mouse models of open-angle ocular hypertension.

COVID-19 pandemic and weight gain in American adults: A nationwide population-based study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of people in many ways. However, little is known about weight gain in American adults during the pandemic.

Aims And Methods: The purpose of this study was to conduct a national assessment of weight gain in adult Americans after the first year of the pandemic.

Impact of Pre-Mortem Factors on Meat Quality: An Update.

Meat quality is closely associated with the chemical composition of skeletal muscle and is therefore influenced by the pre-mortem metabolic state of skeletal muscle tissue [...

From Nanosystems to a Biosensing Prototype for an Efficient Diagnostic: A Special Issue in Honor of Professor Bansi D. Malhotra.

It has been proven that rapid bioinformatics analysis according to patient health profiles, in addition to biomarker detection at a low level, is emerging as essential to design an analytical diagnostics system to manage health intelligently in a personalized manner. Such objectives need an optimized combination of a nano-enabled sensing prototype, artificial intelligence (AI)-supported predictive analysis, and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)-based bioinformatics analysis. Such a developed system began with a prototype demonstration of efficient diseases diagnostics performance is the future diseases management approach.