Training Behavior Analysis Graduate Students to Work with an Interpreter.

There has been a substantial increase in the racial and ethnic diversity of the United States population in the past 10-12 years, with the second most prevalent racial or ethnic group being Hispanic or Latino (Jensen, 2021). As a result, it is crucial that behavior analysts are prepared to serve consumers from all backgrounds, including those who do not speak English fluently. One important component for service delivery for linguistically diverse consumers is the incorporation of an interpreter.

The pharmacist will see you now: Pharmacist prescribed contraceptives and fertility rates.

Policies that increase contraceptive access for young women and their partners are a potentially low-cost way of reducing unintended pregnancies and improving later life outcomes. Several states have recently implemented laws that allow pharmacists to prescribe contraceptives to women without the need to see a physician. We study the effect of these state laws on fertility rates.

Perceived barriers transitioning to adult healthcare among adults with spina bifida.

Background: This study examined perceived barriers to transitioning to adult healthcare among a sample of young adults with spina bifida (SB) and the degree to which these perceived barriers have impeded the transition process, and assessed relationships between these self-reported barriers and demographic and medical variables.

Methods: In a large national survey conducted in 2019, young adults with SB between the ages of 18 and 30 years old ( = 326) completed a questionnaire on perceived barriers to transition, which yielded scores representing the proportion of barriers experienced and the degree of interference of these barriers. Participants included both individuals who reported that they already transitioned to adult healthcare and those who did not.

Implication of Toll-Like Receptors in growth and management of health and diseases: Special focus as a promising druggable target to Prostate Cancer.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are protein structures belonging to the pattern recognition receptors family. TLRs have the great potential that can directly recognize the specific molecular structures on the surface of pathogens, damaged senescent cells and apoptotic host cells. Available evidence suggests that TLRs have crucial roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis through control of the inflammatory and tissue repair responses during injury.

Investigating the Influence of Limb Blood Flow on Contraction-Induced Muscle Growth and the Impact of that Growth on Changes in Maximal Strength.

Abstract: Changes in skeletal muscle size may be affected by resting blood flow (e.g., nutrient delivery) and this change in size is a hypothesized mechanism for changes in strength.

The Effect of Isometric Handgrip Training With and Without Blood Flow Restriction on Changes in Resting Blood Pressure.

To investigate the effects of high-intensity contractions and low-intensity contractions with and without blood flow restriction on changes in blood pressure and hemodynamic parameters. A total of 179 participants (18-35 years) were randomly assigned to one of three training groups that exercised 3 times per week for six weeks or a non-exercise control group. The groups are as follows: 1) Control [CON,  = 44]; 2) completed 4 sets of two-minute isometric contractions at 30% maximal voluntary contraction [LI,  = 47]; 3) completed 4 sets of two-minute isometric contractions at 30% maximal voluntary contraction with a 12 cm cuff inflated to 50% of arterial occlusion pressure [LI+BFR,  = 41]; or 4) completed 4 maximal isometric contractions lasting 5 seconds [MAX,  = 47].

Ownership Matters: Not-for-Profit Chain Nursing Homes Have Higher Utilization of Agency Nursing Staff.

Nursing homes (NHs) have long struggled with nurse shortages, leading to a greater reliance on agency nurses. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of NH ownership on agency nurse utilization. Data were derived from multiple sources, including the Payroll-Based Journal and NH Five-Star Facility Quality Reporting System (n: 38,550 years: 2020-2022).

Assessing and teaching job-related social skills to adults with neurodevelopmental disorders in Italy.

Social challenges in the work place can serve as an obstacle to regular employment for many individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD). Nonetheless, few studies have focused on interventions to improve job-related social skills or included residents of countries outside of the United States. This study replicated and extended prior research by evaluating the acquisition of job-related social skills with three individuals with NDD residing in Italy.

An Exploratory Survey of Latinidad in Behavior Analysis.

Unlabelled: Latinos make up 18.9% of the U.S.

Preventive health behaviour differences across racial groups during the early stages of COVID-19.

Background: Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the practice of preventative health behaviours had been used disparately across different racial groups. This study seeks to identify any differences in preventative health behaviours across racial groups, controlling for other socio-demographic factors.

Methods: A US national survey study was electronically conducted from July through November 2020, to measure racial/ethnic differences in health preventive behaviours about COVID-19.

Inclusive measure development: amplifying the voices of adolescents and young adults with spina bifida in a new measure of benefit-finding and growth.

Objective: Benefit-finding and growth is an important process across a range of medical populations. However, it has been understudied in the context of lifelong chronic conditions, such as spina bifida (SB). This study aimed to develop a new measure of benefit-finding and growth for youth with SB, confirm its factor structure, and examine its psychometric properties.

Metabolomic and gut-microbial responses of earthworms exposed to microcystins and nano zero-valent iron in soil.

The earthworm-based vermiremediation facilitated with benign chemicals such as nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is a promising approach for the remediation of a variety of soil contaminants including cyanotoxins. As the most toxic cyanotoxin, microcystin-LR (MC-LR) enter soil via runoff, irrigated surface water and sewage, and the application of cyanobacterial biofertilizers as part of the sustainable agricultural practice. Earthworms in such remediation systems must sustain the potential risk from both nZVI and MC-LR.

Breastfeeding Measurement - Cultural Domain Analysis.

Cultural Domain Analysis (CDA) is a theoretical and methodological approach rooted in cognitive anthropology that investigates how people in a particular culture organize, structure, and perceive ideas. Beginning in the 1960s, CDA developed into a powerful tool for collecting and analyzing data, with applications extending beyond anthropology into other fields, including public health and other social sciences. This paper outlines the procedures and methods used in CDA, its strengths and limitations, and its potential utility in breastfeeding studies.

Electrochemical Probing of Human Liver Subcellular S9 Fractions for Drug Metabolite Synthesis.

Human liver subcellular fractions, including liver microsomes (HLM), liver cytosol fractions, and S9 fractions, are extensively utilized in in vitro assays to predict liver metabolism. The S9 fractions are supernatants of human liver homogenates that contain both microsomes and cytosol, which include most cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and soluble phase II enzymes such as glucuronosyltransferases and sulfotransferases. This study reports on the direct electrochemistry and biocatalytic features of redox-active enzymes in S9 fractions for the first time.

How to design equitable digital health tools: A narrative review of design tactics, case studies, and opportunities.

With a renewed focus on health equity in the United States driven by national crises and legislation to improve digital healthcare innovation, there is a need for the designers of digital health tools to take deliberate steps to design for equity in their work. A concrete toolkit of methods to design for health equity is needed to support digital health practitioners in this aim. This narrative review summarizes several health equity frameworks to help digital health practitioners conceptualize the equity dimensions of importance for their work, and then provides design approaches that accommodate an equity focus.

Simulation of CRISPR-Cas9 editing on evolving barcode and accuracy of lineage tracing.

We designed a simulation program that mimics the CRISPR-Cas9 editing on evolving barcode and double strand break repair procedure along with cell divisions. Emerging barcode mutations tend to build upon previously existing mutations, occurring sequentially with each generation. This process results in a unique mutation profile in each cell.

The Relation between Parental Locus of Control and Willingness to Implement Parent Management Training Strategies.

In child disruptive behavior treatment, successful parent management training (PMT) outcomes are dependent on parents' use of strategies outside of sessions. This study aimed to identify the influence of parental locus of control (PLOC) on a key treatment acceptability variable: parents' willingness to implement PMT strategies. We sought to investigate this relationship for individual strategies within PMT, given the composite nature of the intervention.

Expanding a Behavioral View on Digital Health Access: Drivers and Strategies to Promote Equity.

The potential and threat of digital tools to achieve health equity has been highlighted for over a decade, but the success of achieving equitable access to health technologies remains challenging. Our paper addresses renewed concerns regarding equity in digital health access that were deepened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our viewpoint is that (1) digital health tools have the potential to improve health equity if equitable access is achieved, and (2) improving access and equity in digital health can be strengthened by considering behavioral science-based strategies embedded in all phases of tool development.

A Robust Parallel Computing Data Extraction Framework for Nanopore Experiments.

The success of a nanopore experiment relies not only on the quality of the experimental design but also on the performance of the analysis program utilized to decipher the ionic perturbations necessary for understanding the fundamental molecular intricacies. An event extraction framework is developed that leverages parallel computing, efficient memory management, and vectorization, yielding significant performance enhancement. The newly developed abf-ultra-simple function extracts key parameters from the header critical for the operation of open-seek-read-close data loading architecture running on multiple cores.

Calcium phosphate graphene and TiCT MXene scaffolds with osteogenic and antibacterial properties.

Bioactive degradable scaffolds that facilitate bone healing while fighting off initial bacterial infection have the potential to change established strategies of dealing with traumatic bone injuries. To achieve this a composite material made from calcium phosphate graphene (CaPG), and MXene was synthesized. CaPG was created by functionalizing graphene oxide with phosphate groups in the presence of CaBr with a Lewis acid catalyst.

Latent Profiles of Acute Symptoms, Cognitive Performance, and Balance in Sport-Related Concussions.

Background: A sport-related concussion (SRC) is a common injury that affects multiple clinical domains such as cognition, balance, and nonspecific neurobehavioral symptoms. Although multidimensional clinical assessments of concussion are widely accepted, there remain limited empirical data on the nature and clinical utility of distinct clinical profiles identified by multimodal assessments.

Purpose: Our objectives were to (1) identify distinct clinical profiles discernible from acute postinjury scores on the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT), composed of a symptom checklist, a cognitive assessment (Standardized Assessment of Concussion), and a balance assessment (Balance Error Scoring System), and (2) evaluate the clinical utility of the identified profiles by examining their association with injury characteristics, neuropsychological outcomes, and clinical management-related outcomes.

Height and cognitive assessments in a cohort of US schoolchildren, kindergarten through fifth grade.

An oft-repeated finding in child development research is that height and cognitive ability are positively related. Much of this work is limited in its ability to track height and cognitive development over time, with key constraints being the availability of longitudinal data and measures of ability that are comparable over time. This study evaluates the associations between height and assessments of reading, math, and science in a representative sample of US schoolchildren followed from kindergarten through fifth grade.