What does it mean when the pleasant smells come and go? Correlation between UPSIT odor identification status and fluctuation of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including olfactory dysfunction. Prior studies have shown that olfaction deteriorates with disease progression, however fluctuations in olfaction and related PD symptoms have been less explored. This study aimed to investigate correlations between changes in odor identification ability and PD symptoms.

Social Networks, Health Support, and Dietary Intake in Mothers Receiving Home Visiting Services.

Home visiting programs (HVPs) provide services to pregnant individuals and parents of young children to improve families' health and well-being. However, little is known about these families' social contexts. This study explores the social networks and dietary intake of mothers enrolled in a HVP, focusing on health support and health undermining.

Upper airway changes after orthognathic surgery in patients with skeletal class III high-angle malocclusion and mandibular deviation.

Objectives: This study analyzed the differences in the upper airway of patients with skeletal Class III high-angle malocclusion with and without mandibular deviation, and further investigated whether there are differences in the changes in upper airway space after orthognathic surgery between the two groups.

Materials And Methods: 15 patients with skeletal Class III high-angle malocclusion and mandibular deviation, and 15 patients without mandibular deviation were selected to explore the impact of mandibular deviation on the upper airway. Additionally, 16 patients with mandibular deviation undergoing orthodontic-orthognathic combined treatment, and 13 patients without mandibular deviation, were selected to investigate the differences in the changes in upper airway space after orthognathic surgery between the two groups.

Association of prostate-specific antigen density with prostate cancer mortality after a benign systematic prostate biopsy result.

Objective: To assess the association between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density (PSAD) and prostate cancer mortality after a benign result on systematic transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study used data from the Finnish Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (FinRSPC) collected between 1996 and 2020. We identified men aged 55-71 years randomised to the screening arm with PSA ≥4.

Comparative analysis of deep learning and radiomic signatures for overall survival prediction in recurrent high-grade glioma treated with immunotherapy.

Background: Radiomic analysis of quantitative features extracted from segmented medical images can be used for predictive modeling of prognosis in brain tumor patients. Manual segmentation of the tumor components is time-consuming and poses significant reproducibility issues. We compare the prediction of overall survival (OS) in recurrent high-grade glioma(HGG) patients undergoing immunotherapy, using deep learning (DL) classification networks along with radiomic signatures derived from manual and convolutional neural networks (CNN) automated segmentation.

Enhancing ophthalmology education through a mobile flipped classroom: a new teaching method.

Objective: Glaucoma is a major cause of irreversible blindness globally. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) aids early glaucoma diagnosis. Interpreting OCT scans requires familiarity with the technology and image analysis.

Short-term variability of Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarkers in a mixed memory clinic cohort.

Background: For clinical implementation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) blood-based biomarkers (BBMs), knowledge of short-term variability, is crucial to ensure safe and correct biomarker interpretation, i.e., to capture changes or treatment effects that lie beyond that of expected short-term variability and considered clinically relevant.

Interaction of genetics risk score and fatty acids quality indices on healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotype.

Background: The growth in obesity and rates of abdominal obesity in developing countries is due to the dietary transition, meaning a shift from traditional, fiber-rich diets to Westernized diets high in processed foods, sugars, and unhealthy fats. Environmental changes, such as improving the quality of dietary fat consumed, may be useful in preventing or mitigating the obesity or unhealthy obesity phenotype in individuals with a genetic predisposition, although this has not yet been confirmed. Therefore, in this study, we investigated how dietary fat quality indices with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) based on the Karelis criterion interact with genetic susceptibility in Iranian female adults.

RAB3GAP2 dysregulation in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) compared to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): a molecular perspective.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a type of blood cancer related to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The principal aim of this study was to investigate cellular processes related to innate immune response, intracellular protein transport, and translational initiation regulation in individuals afflicted with ATLL and Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Whole blood samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 10 viral ATLL patients and 10 ALL subjects.

Beyond LDL cholesterol: remnant cholesterol is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in children.

Background: Recent evidence from both randomized controlled trials and cohort studies in adults suggests that plasma remnant cholesterol (RC) levels predict cardiovascular disease. In children, studies are scarce, although high levels of RC might represent a marker of early atherosclerotic damage. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the cardiometabolic risk associated with RC, which extends beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in children.

3D synergistic tumor-liver analysis further improves the efficacy prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-center study.

Background: Besides tumorous information, synergistic liver parenchyma assessments may provide additional insights into the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to investigate whether 3D synergistic tumor-liver analysis could improve the prediction accuracy for HCC prognosis.

Methods: A total of 422 HCC patients from six centers were included.

Longitudinal associations between informal caring, social network, and psychological distress among adolescents and young adults: modelling within-person effects.

Background: Informal caring is associated with mental health deterioration among young people and impacts their help-seeking ability. Social network can provide social support and mitigate the impact of informal care. However, young carers may avoid identification and withdraw from social networks.

The association between cognitive impairment and oral health or oral hygiene behaviors among multiethnic older adults in Western China: a cross-sectional multicenter study.

Background: Older adults with cognitive impairment tend to experience deteriorating oral health and inadequate oral hygiene behaviors, but few studies have addressed interethnic variability. This study aimed to explore the associations between cognitive impairment and oral health or oral hygiene behaviors in multiethnic older adults in Western China.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional multicenter study from four provinces of Western China, recruiting multiethnic older adults aged 50 years and older between July and December 2018.

Adding salt to foods and risk of incident depression and anxiety.

Background: Diet is a well-known determinant of mental health outcomes. However, epidemiologic evidence on salt consumption with the risk of developing depression and anxiety is still very limited. This study aimed to examine the association between adding salt to foods and incident depression and anxiety longitudinally.

Psychometric properties of the nursing start-up attitude scale in Iranian nursing students.

Background: Entrepreneurial attitudes among nursing students are crucial for fostering innovation and addressing the evolving challenges in healthcare. However, measuring these attitudes accurately requires robust and validated instruments. The Nursing Start-up Attitude Scale is a valid and reliable instrument specifically designed to measure nursing students' attitudes towards start-ups.

Patterns of pharmacological treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation: an analysis from the prospective GLORIA-AF Registry Phase III.

Background: Polypharmacy (i.e., treatment with ≥ 5 drugs) is common in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and has been associated with suboptimal management and worse outcomes.

A beneficial levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for a decrease in thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAB) in patients with Graves' disease: a real-world study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether a relationship exist between pre-therapy 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the remission/negative conversion rates of thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAB) during treatment in patients with newly diagnosed Graves' disease (GD).

Methods: 171 patients were included from the Endocrinology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University in March 2013 to April 2016. Ninety-five patients of them were diagnosed at our hospital but transferred to local hospitals for treatment.

TGF-β signaling orchestrates cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment of human hepatocellular carcinoma: unveiling insights and clinical significance.

Liver cancer, specifically hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), stands out as one of the most formidable solid tumors, characterized by a dauntingly low survival rate. At the forefront of the tumor microenvironment (TME) orchestrating the initiation and advancement of HCC are cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). TGF-β, widely recognized as a potent activator of CAFs, not only regulates their activity but also assumes a pivotal role in the metastatic journey of the tumor.

Impact of TP53 alteration on allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation outcomes for myelodysplastic syndromes.

The poor outcome of TP53 alteration has been reported in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. However, the role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in TP53 alteration patients remains debated. Previous studies showed that TP53 mutations had no effect on the prognosis of patients with acute leukemia after haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT).

Autism screening tool validation for toddlers and young children: advantages and limitations.

Background: Early identification is crucial for children with autism. However, many children are diagnosed later due to the lack of specific assessment tools in primary care settings. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the STAT in screening autism across different age groups while assessing its advantages and limitations.

Development of a 3D cephalometric index to grade severity of dentofacial deformity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

This investigation aimed to develop a radiographic 3D cephalometric index to grade severity of dentofacial deformity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and to perform a validation against expert evaluations. Data were collected from a population-based Nordic JIA cohort of 240 patients that received a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan approximately 17 years after onset of JIA. The cohort was randomized into two groups: A baseline group for establishing the index (n = 210) and a test group (n = 30).

Factors related to milk donation based on the theory of planned behavior in pregnant women.

The willingness to donate milk is influenced by maternal behavior, and the Theory of Planned Behavior is recognized as a significant predictor of this action. This study aims to identify the factors associated with milk donation among pregnant women based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. This descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study utilized stratified and convenience sampling methods on 337 pregnant women attending women's health and midwifery clinics affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2024.

Tracking the correlation of mineral intakes among family pairs over nine years: a longitudinal study.

Background: This study aimed to assess possible changes in mineral intake correlation between family pairs over time. Mineral intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire.

Methods: FCOR command of the Statistical Analysis for Genetic Epidemiology software was used to determine the correlation coefficients of minerals in relative pairs.

Structure and metabolic function of spatiotemporal pit mud microbiome.

Background: Pit mud (PM) hosts diverse microbial communities, which serve as a medium to impart flavor and quality to Baijiu and exhibit long-term tolerance to ethanol and acids, resulting in a unique ecosystem. However, the ecology and metabolic functions of PM remain poorly understood, as many taxa in PM represent largely novel lineages. In this study, we used a combination of metagenomic analysis and chemical derivatization LC-MS analysis to provide a comprehensive overview of microbial community structure, metabolic function, phylogeny, horizontal gene transfer, and the relationship with carboxyl compounds in spatiotemporal PM samples.

NKX6.3 modulation of mitotic dynamics and genomic stability in gastric carcinogenesis.

Background: Gastric cancer remains a significant global health challenge, characterized by poor prognosis and high mortality rates. Mitotic integrity and genomic stability are crucial in maintaining cellular homeostasis and preventing tumorigenesis. The transcription factor NKX6.