Temporal trends in mortality and causes of death in patients with incident atrial fibrillation: a nationwide register study from 2010 to 2018.

Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased mortality. Previous studies have reported conflicting results in temporal trends of mortality after AF diagnosis. We aim to address this disparity by investigating the 1-year mortality and causes of death in Finnish patients diagnosed with AF between 2010 and 2017.

Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Insomnia is a common symptom among patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, negatively impacting symptom severity, functioning and well-being; however, it is rarely the direct focus of treatment. The main recommended treatment for insomnia is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT-I). There is some evidence that CBT-I can also be used to treat insomnia in patients with schizophrenia, but only a few randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have been published.

Effects of antibiotics, hospitalisation and surgical complications on self-reported immunological vulnerability following paediatric open-heart surgery and thymectomy: a single-centre retrospective cohort study.

Background: Partial or complete thymectomy is routinely performed in paediatric open-heart surgeries when treating congenital heart defects. Whether or not thymectomised children require systematic immunological monitoring later in life is unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of preoperatively and postoperatively used antibiotics, hospitalisation and surgical complications on self-reported immunological vulnerability in paediatric patients with early thymectomy to better recognise the patients who could benefit from immunological follow-up in the future.

Does the effect of adolescent health behaviours on adult cardiometabolic health differ by socioeconomic background? Protocol for a population-based cohort study.

Introduction: Adolescence is a sensitive period for cardiometabolic health. Yet, it remains unknown if adolescent health behaviours, such as alcohol use, smoking, diet and physical activity, have differential effects across socioeconomic strata. Adopting a life-course perspective and a causal inference framework, we aim to assess whether the effects of adolescent health behaviours on adult cardiometabolic health differ by levels of neighbourhood deprivation, parental education and occupational class.

Respiratory complex I regulates dendritic cell maturation in explant model of human tumor immune microenvironment.

Background: Combining cytotoxic chemotherapy or novel anticancer drugs with T-cell modulators holds great promise in treating advanced cancers. However, the response varies depending on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Therefore, there is a clear need for pharmacologically tractable models of the TIME to dissect its influence on mono- and combination treatment response at the individual level.

Sex-related differential item functioning of the Jenkins Sleep Scale: a cross-sectional study among 77 967 employees in the Finnish public sector.

Objectives: To investigate if the Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS) demonstrates sex-related differential item functioning (DIF).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Survey data from the Finnish Public Sector study (2015-2017).

Factors affecting female sexual well-being: a 5-year follow-up of a randomised clinical trial on post-abortion contraception.

Introduction: Sexual well-being is associated with general well-being. Several factors, such as overweight, infertility, anxiety and sex hormones, also play a role, but the effects of hormonal contraception remain a point of debate. We characterised the factors associated with sexual well-being in fertile-aged women following induced abortion.

Effect of the maternal childbirth experience on a subsequent birth: a retrospective 7-year cohort study of primiparas in Finland.

Objective: To study the effect of the childbirth experience on the likelihood and interval to a subsequent live birth.

Design: Retrospective analysis of a 7-year cohort.

Setting: Childbirths in Helsinki University Hospital delivery units.

Postinfective bowel dysfunction following is characterised by reduced microbiota diversity and impaired microbiota recovery.

Objectives: Persistent bowel dysfunction following gastroenteritis (postinfectious (PI)-BD) is well recognised, but the associated changes in microbiota remain unclear. Our aim was to define these changes after gastroenteritis caused by a single organism, , examining the dynamic changes in the microbiota and the impact of antibiotics.

Design: A single-centre cohort study of 155 patients infected with .

Associations between use of psychotropic medications and use of hormonal contraception among girls and women aged 15-49 years in Finland: a nationwide, register-based, matched case-control study.

Objectives: The relationship between the use of contraception and of psychiatric medications is understudied. We examined whether the current and past use of psychotropic medications is associated with the use and type of hormonal contraception (HC).

Design: Nationwide register-based matched case-control study.

Concurrent changes in physical activity and body mass index among 66 852 public sector employees over a 16-year follow-up: multitrajectory analysis of a cohort study in Finland.

Objectives: To identify concurrent developmental trajectories of physical activity and body mass index (BMI) over time.

Design: Prospective cohort study, repeated survey.

Setting: Cohort study in Finland.

Study protocol: Minimum effective low dose: anti-human thymocyte globulin (MELD-ATG): phase II, dose ranging, efficacy study of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) within 6 weeks of diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease, characterised by progressive destruction of the insulin-producing β cells of the pancreas. One immunosuppressive agent that has recently shown promise in the treatment of new-onset T1D subjects aged 12-45 years is antithymocyte globulin (ATG), Thymoglobuline, encouraging further exploration in lower age groups.

Methods And Analysis: Minimal effective low dose (MELD)-ATG is a phase 2, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiarm parallel-group trial in participants 5-25 years diagnosed with T1D within 3-9 weeks of planned treatment day 1.

Intervention targeted at physicians' treatment of musculoskeletal disorders and sickness certification: an interrupted time series analysis.

Objective: An intervention was carried out at the occupational healthcare services (OHS) of the City of Helsinki beginning in 2016. We investigated the association between the intervention and employee sick leaves using interrupted time series analysis.

Design: Register-based cohort study with a quasi-experimental study design.

Novel germline variant in the histone demethylase and transcription regulator KDM4C induces a multi-cancer phenotype.

Background: Genes involved in epigenetic regulation are central for chromatin structure and gene expression. Specific mutations in these might promote carcinogenesis in several tissue types.

Methods: We used exome, whole-genome and Sanger sequencing to detect rare variants shared by seven affected individuals in a striking early-onset multi-cancer family.

WFS1 protein expression correlates with clinical progression of optic atrophy in patients with Wolfram syndrome.

Background: Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is a rare disorder characterised by childhood-onset diabetes mellitus and progressive optic atrophy. Most patients have variants in the gene. We undertook functional studies of variants and correlated these with WFS1 protein expression and phenotype.

Occupations and exposure events in acute and subacute irritant-induced asthma.

Background: Exposures leading to irritant-induced asthma (IIA) are poorly documented.

Methods: We retrospectively screened the medical records of patients with IIA diagnosed in an occupational medicine clinic during 2000-2018. We classified the cases into acute (onset after single exposure) and subacute (onset after multiple exposures) IIA.

Internal consistency and factor structure of Jenkins Sleep Scale: cross-sectional cohort study among 80 000 adults.

Objectives: To assess the internal consistency and construct validity of the Finnish translation of the Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS) in a large healthy working-age population with diverse work characteristics.

Design: Survey-based cross-sectional cohort study.

Setting: Survey conducted by an institute of occupational health.

Middle-age dementia risk scores and old-age cognition: a quasi-experimental population-based twin study with over 20-year follow-up.

Background: Middle-age risk scores predict cognitive impairment, but it is not known if these associations are evident when controlling for shared genetic and environmental factors. Using two risk scores, self-report educational-occupational score and Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE), we investigated if twins with higher middle-age dementia risk have poorer old-age cognition compared with their co-twins with lower risk.

Methods: We used a population-based older Finnish Twin Cohort study with middle-age questionnaire data (n=15 169, mean age=52.

Bacterial infections as novel risk factors of severe diabetic retinopathy in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Background/aims: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is associated and shares many risk factors with other diabetic complications, including inflammation. Bacterial infections, potent inducers of inflammation have been associated with the development of diabetic complications apart from DR. Our aim was to investigate the association between bacterial infections and DR.

Associations between maternal age and socioeconomic status with smoking during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy: a register-based study of 932 671 women in Finland from 2000 to 2015.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the association between maternal age and smoking during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy across socioeconomic groups and to evaluate the interacting effect of maternal age and socioeconomic status on smoking with a view to informing public health interventions.

Design: This is a register-based study.

Settings: Data from the Finnish Medical Birth Register were cross-linked with background data from Statistics Finland.

Limitations of periodical health examinations in detecting occupational chronic solvent encephalopathy.

Objectives: Occupational diseases (ODs) are globally underdetected, and chronic solvent encephalopathy (CSE) is no exception. The aim was to study how the recommended policies and protocols were followed in occupational health services (OHS) periodical health examinations where symptomatic CSE cases have remained undetected.

Methods: We retrospectively studied the medical records of occupational CSE cases (n=18) found in a screening project, which had not been detected in preceding OHS health examinations.