316 results match your criteria: "University of Heidelberg - Medical School[Affiliation]"
Lancet Glob Health
May 2021
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, Vietnam; Department of Medical Microbiology and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address:
Background: Antimicrobial misuse is common in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), and this practice is a driver of antibiotic resistance. We compared community-based antibiotic access and use practices across communities in LMICs to identify contextually specific targets for interventions to improve antibiotic use practices.
Methods: We did quantitative and qualitative assessments of antibiotic access and use in six LMICs across Africa (Mozambique, Ghana, and South Africa) and Asia (Bangladesh, Vietnam, and Thailand) over a 2·5-year study period (July 1, 2016-Dec 31, 2018).
Stroke
January 2021
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL (T.G.B.).
Background And Purpose: CREST (Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial) reported a higher periprocedural risk for any stroke, death, or myocardial infarction for women randomized to carotid artery stenting (CAS) compared with women randomized to carotid endarterectomy (CEA). No difference in risk by treatment was detected for women relative to men in the 4-year primary outcome. We aimed to conduct a pooled analysis among symptomatic patients in large randomized trials to provide more precise estimates of sex differences in the CAS-to-CEA risk for any stroke or death during the 120-day periprocedural period and ipsilateral stroke thereafter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacogenomics J
April 2021
Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Nat Med
September 2020
Center for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection & Immunity, University College London, and UCL Hospitals NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
Front Oncol
June 2020
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.
Glioma therapy is challenged by the diffuse and invasive growth of glioma. Lysosomal protein transmembrane 5 () was identified as an invasion inhibitor by an screen for invasion-associated genes. The aim of this study was to decipher the function of in glioblastoma and its interaction with the CD40 receptor which is intensively evaluated as a target in the therapy of diverse cancers including glioma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacogenomics J
February 2021
Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Identifying patients with locally advanced head and neck carcinoma on high risk of recurrence after definitive concurrent radiochemotherapy is of key importance for the selection for consolidation therapy and for individualized treatment intensification. In this multicenter study we analyzed recurrence-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA repair genes in tumor DNA from 132 patients with locally advanced head and neck carcinoma (LadHnSCC). Patients were treated with definitive radiotherapy and simultaneous cisplatin-based chemotherapy at six partner sites of the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Radiation Oncology Group from 2005 to 2011.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mol Diagn
June 2020
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg; the OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany; Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.
This article compares the expression and applicability of biomarkers, from single genes and gene signatures, identified in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using the GeneChip Human Transcriptome Array 2.0, nCounter, and real-time PCR analyses. Two multicenter, retrospective cohorts of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma from the German Cancer Consortium Radiation Oncology Group who received postoperative radiochemotherapy or primary radiochemotherapy were considered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
March 2020
Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa.
The regulation of human Arf1 GTPase activity by ArfGEFs that stimulate GDP/GTP exchange and ArfGAPs that mediate GTP hydrolysis has attracted attention for the discovery of Arf1 inhibitors as potential anti-cancer agents. The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum encodes a Sec7 domain-containing protein - presumably an ArfGEF - and two putative ArfGAPs, as well as an Arf1 homologue (PfArf1) that is essential for blood-stage parasite viability. However, ArfGEF and ArfGAP-mediated activation/deactivation of PfArf1 has not been demonstrated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Glob Health
January 2020
Child Okeford, Dorset, UK.
Stroke
December 2019
From the Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (C.K., A.K., M.S., H.-H.E.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany.
Background and Purpose- This analysis was performed to assess the association between perioperative and clinical variables and the 30-day risk of stroke or death after carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis. Methods- Individual patient-level data from the 5 largest randomized controlled carotid trials were pooled in the Carotid Stenosis Trialists' Collaboration database. A total of 4181 patients who received carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic stenosis per protocol were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
March 2020
Integrative Parasitology, Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Heidelberg Medical School, Heidelberg, Germany.
Ookinetes, one of the motile and invasive forms of the malaria parasite, rely on gliding motility in order to establish an infection in the mosquito host. Here we characterize the protein PBANKA_0407300 which is conserved in the Plasmodium genus but lacks significant similarity to proteins of other eukaryotes. It is expressed in gametocytes and throughout the invasive mosquito stages of P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCirc Cardiovasc Interv
August 2019
Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (M.D.M. and L.H.B.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland.
Background: Over the past decades, stroke risk associated with carotid disease has decreased, reflecting improvements in medical therapy and a more rigorous control of vascular risk factors. It is less clear whether the procedural risk of carotid revascularization has declined over time.
Methods: We analyzed temporal changes in procedural risks among 4597 patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis treated with carotid artery stenting (n=2326) or carotid endarterectomy (n=2271) in 4 randomized trials between 2000 and 2008, using generalized linear mixed-effects models with a random intercept for each source trial.
Biomolecules
July 2019
Department of Biochemistry, School of Mathematical & Natural Sciences, University of Venda, P. Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa.
The survival of the human malaria parasite under the physiologically distinct environments associated with their development in the cold-blooded invertebrate mosquito vectors and the warm-blooded vertebrate human host requires a genome that caters to adaptability. To this end, a robust stress response system coupled to an efficient protein quality control system are essential features of the parasite. Heat shock proteins constitute the main molecular chaperone system of the cell, accounting for approximately two percent of the malaria genome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Cancer
July 2019
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Sites, Berlin, Germany; Department of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: Tumour mutational burden (TMB) estimated from whole exome sequencing or comprehensive gene panels has previously been established as predictive factor of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Its predictive value for the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiation (cCRTX), a potential combination partner of ICI, remains unknown.
Methods: The accuracy of TMB estimation by an in-house 327-gene panel was established in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) data set.
Cell Microbiol
May 2019
Parasitology-Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Heidelberg Medical School, Heidelberg, Germany.
Intravital fluorescence microscopy (IVM) is a powerful technique for imaging multiple organs, including the brain of living mice and rats. It enables the direct visualisation of cells in situ providing a real-life view of biological processes that in vitro systems cannot. In addition, to the technological advances in microscopy over the last decade, there have been supporting innovations in data storage and analytical packages that enable the visualisation and analysis of large data sets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Microbiol
May 2019
Integrative Parasitology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Heidelberg Medical School, Heidelberg, Germany.
Intravital microscopy allows the visualisation of how pathogens interact with host cells and tissues in living animals in real time. This method has enabled key advances in our understanding of host-parasite interactions under physiological conditions. A combination of genetics, microscopy techniques, and image analysis have recently facilitated the understanding of biological phenomena in living animals at cellular and subcellular resolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychol
February 2019
Department of Linguistics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Studies involving direct language imitation tasks have shown that pronunciation ability is related to musical competence and working memory capacities. However, this type of task may measure individual differences in many different linguistic dimensions, other than just phonetic ones. The present study uses an indirect imitation task by asking participants to a fake a foreign accent in order to specifically target individual differences in phonetic abilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Neurol
April 2019
Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Background: The risk of periprocedural stroke or death is higher after carotid artery stenting (CAS) than carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for the treatment of symptomatic carotid stenosis. However, long-term outcomes have not been sufficiently assessed. We sought to combine individual patient-level data from the four major randomised controlled trials of CAS versus CEA for the treatment of symptomatic carotid stenosis to assess long-term outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Opin Ther Targets
March 2019
a Integrative Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases , University of Heidelberg Medical School, Heidelberg , Germany.
Background: Cellular metabolism generates reactive oxygen species. The oxidation and deamination of the deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) pool results in the formation of non-canonical, toxic dNTPs that can cause mutations, genome instability, and cell death. House-cleaning or sanitation enzymes that break down and detoxify non-canonical nucleotides play major protective roles in nucleotide metabolism and constitute key drug targets for cancer and various pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCI Insight
January 2019
German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany.
Tumor radioresistance leading to local therapy failure remains a major obstacle for successful treatment of high-grade glioma. We hypothesized that distinct radiobiological features of particle therapy with carbon ions may circumvent glioma radioresistance. We demonstrate that carbon irradiation (CIR) efficiently eradicates radioresistant patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs), leading to growth inhibition and prolonged survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Cancer Res
May 2019
OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.
Purpose: The heavy chain of the CD98 protein (CD98hc) is encoded by the gene. Together with the light subunit LAT1, CD98hc constitutes a heterodimeric transmembrane amino acid transporter. High mRNA expression levels are associated with poor prognosis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with radiochemotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStroke
February 2019
Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care (E.J.V., A.A., J.P.G.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Background and Purpose- We investigated whether procedural stroke or death risk of carotid artery stenting (CAS) compared with carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is different in patients with and without history of coronary heart disease (CHD) and whether the treatment-specific impact of age differs. Methods- We combined individual patient data of 4754 patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis from 4 randomized trials (EVA-3S [Endarterectomy Versus Angioplasty in Patients With Symptomatic Severe Carotid Stenosis], SPACE [Stent-Protected Angioplasty Versus Carotid Endarterectomy], ICSS [International Carotid Stenting Study], and CREST [Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial]). Procedural risk was defined as any stroke or death ≤30 days after treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Biochem
March 2019
Functional Proteome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address:
Synthetic isotope labeled phosphopeptides are valuable tools for the quantification and validation of phosphoproteome data. Here, we report that the same set of phosphopeptides, which are used as spike-in standards, can be successfully applied for identification of stimulus specific protein-protein interactions mediated by the respective phosphorylation sites. As a proof-of-concept, binding of two γH2AX (pS139) phosphosite specific interaction partners, MDC1 and 53BP1, was confirmed and elevated binding affinity was revealed in response to ionizing radiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Transl Radiat Oncol
January 2019
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Translational Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Background And Purposes: Carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) with raster scanning technology is a promising treatment for lung cancer and thoracic malignancies. Determining normal tissue tolerance of organs at risk is of utmost importance for the success of CIRT. Here we report the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of CIRT as a function of dose and fractionation for development of pulmonary fibrosis using well established fibrosis index (FI) model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Cancer
November 2018
Department of Dermatology, Section of DermatoOncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University of Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address:
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