Prevention of microbial colonization of feeding tubes in the intensive care unit.

Background: Various microorganisms which increase the mortality rate in the intensive care unit (ICU) cause microbial colonization of the nasogastric tube (NGT) and use the NGT as a reservoir.

Aim: To detect the colonization on the NGT and to determine the effect that training regarding hand hygiene, NGT management, and enteral feeding (EF) provided to ICU nurses and auxiliary service staff (ASS) has on the level of NGT colonization.

Study Design: A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test control design was used in this study.

What are the advantages of clock position method to determine fetal heart axis for inexperienced resident physicians? A comparative study.

Objective: Residency training programs are challenging for young physicians with heavy workloads. Although ultrasonography (USG) is an imaging method that is frequently used in obstetrics practice, some basic USG skills can be acquired late in this intensive learning process. Likewise determining the fetal heart axis is an elementary evaluation but can turn into a challenging and time-consuming process, especially for inexperienced clinicians.

Evaluation of Glucose Metabolism and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Prepubertal Girls with Premature Pubarche.

Objective: Premature pubarche (PP) is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MS). The aim was to evaluate if glucose-insulin metabolism, cardiovascular risk factors, familial cardiovascular risk factors (FCVRF) created a risk for insulin resistance (IR) and if PP was a risk factor alone for MS in normal weight prepubertal girls with PP.

Methods: Thirty-five prepubertal, non-obese girls with PP with normal birth weight and 35 age-matched control girls were evaluated for FCVRF, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose-insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), androgen levels, and bone age.

Investigation of the protective effect of gel incorporating Eugenia jambolana leaf extract on 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis: an animal study.

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the possible preventive effect of two concentrations (3 and 5% w/w) of Eugenia jambolana (EJ) extract against 5-FU-induced mucositis.

Method: Sixteen adult rats were separated into four groups: two control and two preventive groups. Animals in Groups 1, 2, and 3 were injected intraperitoneally with 60 mg/kg/day of 5-FU on Day 1 followed by 150 mg/kg/day on Day 5.

The relationship between pan-immune-inflammation value and survival outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab in the second line and beyond: a Turkish oncology group kidney cancer consortium (TKCC) study.

Background: Pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) is an easily accessible immune marker based on peripheral blood to estimate prognosis in patients with cancer. This study evaluates the prognostic value of PIV in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with nivolumab.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, patients with mRCC treated with nivolumab in the second line and beyond were selected from the Turkish Oncology Group Kidney Cancer Consortium (TKCC) database.

Treatment method selection for sleep quality due to lumbar DISC herniation: Early surgery or others?; A single center clinical trial.

Background/aim: Sleep deprivation may lead to individual and social insufficiency associated with many physiological and psychological pathologies. This study is reported to investigate sleep quality and the relationship between treatment modalities of lumbar disc herniation, which is the most common cause of chronic lower back pain and sciatica.

Materials And Methods: This present study was conducted on 249 cases with chronic lower back pain and sciatica caused by a single- level lumbar disc herniation diagnosed after lumbar MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) between June 2017 and September 2019.

Open abdomen technique used in complications of major gynecological oncology surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the open abdomen technique (laparostomy) used in complications of major gynecological oncology surgery.

Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the surgical database of all patients who had undergone major open surgery by the same gynecologic oncologist over a 5-year period. All patients who had had open abdomen procedure were identified; demographic data and indications of primary surgery, temporary abdominal closure procedure details, fascia closure and morbidity, mortality rates were evaluated.

SERPINB11 variant-related liver injury in STEC-HUS: case reports and literature review.

Background: Liver damage is uncommon in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS). Herein, we present two cases with a diagnosis of STEC-HUS that progressed to liver damage, with findings presumably related to the SERPINB11 gene c.268G > T (p.

Evaluation of the optimal duration for retrograde intrarenal stone surgery to prevent postoperative complications.

Objective: To evaluate retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) outcomes and to determine the effect of operative time on complications of RIRS.

Methods: Patients undergoing RIRS for renal stones were evaluated. These patients were divided into two groups according to the operation time (Group 1<60 minutes and Group 2>60 minutes).

Classification of retinoblastoma-1 gene mutation with machine learning-based models in bladder cancer.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the potential of machine learning algorithms built with radiomics features from computed tomography urography (CTU) images that classify RB1 gene mutation status in bladder cancer.

Method: The study enrolled CTU images of 18 patients with and 54 without RB1 mutation from a public database. Image and data preprocessing were performed after data augmentation.

Eltrombopag in the Treatment of Immune Thrombocytopenia: Two-Center Experience from Istanbul.

Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a disease caused by autoantibodies forming against platelets and T cell dysregulation and is characterized by platelet count falling below 100 × 10/L. Corticosteroids remain as the first-line of treatment, but in the light of recent developments, thrombopoietin receptor agonists are gradually replacing splenectomy in steroid-dependent or refractory patients. In this study, it was aimed to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy, safety and side-effect profile of eltrombopag treatment for chronic ITP.

Impact of combined usage of questionnaire forms with bladder diary for overactive bladder syndrome.

Purpose: Bladder diary and questionnaire forms have an important role in the diagnosis of overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome and can predict response to OAB treatment. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between three different validated Turkish OAB questionnaires and bladder diary form.

Methods: Patients aged over 18 years who admitted to the urology outpatient clinic with OAB symptoms between March 2019 and April 2020 were enrolled into the study.

Large-scale discovery of novel neurodevelopmental disorder-related genes through a unified analysis of single-nucleotide and copy number variants.

Background: Previous large-scale studies of de novo variants identified a number of genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs); however, it was also predicted that many NDD-associated genes await discovery. Such genes can be discovered by integrating copy number variants (CNVs), which have not been fully considered in previous studies, and increasing the sample size.

Methods: We first constructed a model estimating the rates of de novo CNVs per gene from several factors such as gene length and number of exons.

First-line treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer.

Fluoropyrimidine+cisplatin/oxaliplatin+trastuzumab therapy is recommended for the first-line treatment of HER2-positive metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma. However, there is no comprehensive study on which platinum-based treatment should be preferred. This study aimed to compare the treatment response and survival characteristics of patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer who received fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and leucovorin (mFOLFOX)+trastuzumab or cisplatin and fluorouracil (CF)+trastuzumab as first-line therapy.

Does the Computed Tomography Hounsfield Units Change Predict Response to Perioperative Chemotherapy in Patients with Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

We aimed to investigate whether Computed Tomography (CT) attenuation change is predictive of poor pathological response in patients with gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma who received perioperative fluorouracil (FU), leucovorin (LV), oxaliplatin, and docetaxel (FLOT) regimen. This trial was planned as a retrospective single-center study. In the neoadjuvant setting, patients received a regimen that includes docetaxel (50 mg/m), oxaliplatin (85 mg/m), and LV (200 mg/m) with short-term infusional FU (2600 mg/m as a 24-hour infusion), on day 1 and administered every two weeks for four cycles.

Utility of non-invasive synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema.

Backgrounds: Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE), one of the outcomes of acute heart failure (AHF), is a common reason in a critical condition with respiratory distress. Non-invasive synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation(nSIMV) mode, which includes inspiratory pressure in addition to positive end expiratory pressure with/without pressure support provided in the non-invasive continuous positive airway pressure plus/pressure support(nCPAP/PS) mode can be effective in hypercarbia and the associated changes in consciousness. This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of nSIMV in ACPE.

Sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, treatment and prognostic characteristics of 156 generalized pustular psoriasis patients in Turkey: a multicentre case series.

Background: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare and severe inflammatory disease characterized by widespread and superficial sterile pustules on an erythematous background.

Objectives: This multicentre study aimed to determine the clinical profile and course in a large cohort of patients with GPP.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-six GPP patients (mean age, 44.

The efficacy of Kinesio taping on lymphedema following head and neck cancer therapy: a randomized, double blind, sham-controlled trial.

Objective: The aim was to investigate the effectiveness of Kinesio taping for lymphedema following head and neck cancer therapy and its effect on patient compliance and quality of life.

Methods: A total of 66 patients with lymphedema following head and neck cancer therapy were randomly allocated to the therapeutic Kinesio taping group (n = 33) and the sham Kinesio taping group (n = 33). All participants received manual lymphatic drainage, Kinesio taping, and home exercises for the first four weeks, and only home exercises for the second four weeks.

Evaluation of the Effect of Different Treatment Management on Refractive Outcomes in Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of different treatment modalities on refractive outcomes in patients treated with severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: The records of children who were treated for severe ROP in our clinic between January 2015 and August 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The children who were treated were analyzed in three subgroups as intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB), laser photocoagulation (LPC), and IVB + LPC.

Electrocardiographic changes after breast reduction surgery.

Macromastia is associated with symptoms related to postural changes and decreased mobility. Breast reduction surgery (BRS) is the treatment of choice for these patients. Anatomical and structural changes in body posture and habitus might cause changes in electrocardiography (ECG).

Characteristics and outcomes of carbapenemase harbouring carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella spp. bloodstream infections: a multicentre prospective cohort study in an OXA-48 endemic setting.

A prospective, multicentre observational cohort study of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella spp. (CRK) bloodstream infections was conducted in Turkey from June 2018 to June 2019. One hundred eighty-seven patients were recruited.

Evaluation of post phacoemulsification inflammation in eyes with and without pseudoexfoliation syndrome according to phaco parameters via laser flare photometry.

Background: To compare the changes in anterior chamber laser flare after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation according to phaco parameters in eyes with and without pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

Methods: Patients (39 without pseudoexfoliation (PEX), 28 with pseudoexfoliation) who underwent the surgery with the same device (Centurion System, Alcon Laboratories, USA) and same experienced surgeon were divided according to the presence of PEX. Anterior chamber laser flare was assessed using a laser flare meter (Kowa-FM700, Kowa Company, Japan) by the same blinded researcher.