Pilot Assessment of Impacts of Ozone and Ozone/Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment on the Fate of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Precursors.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) make up a large class of anthropogenic micropollutants prevalent in wastewater. Oxidative processes commonly used in wastewater potable reuse treatment may affect transformation of PFAS precursors, leading to elevated concentrations of perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) that are significant health concerns. This work conducted a pilot-scale investigation to assess the influence of ozonation (O) and ozone/hydrogen peroxide (O/HO) advanced oxidation process (AOP), respectively, on the fate of PFAS in a wastewater effluent subjected to reuse.

The Role of Geography, Diet, and Host Phylogeny on the Gut Microbiome in the Hawaiian Honeycreeper Radiation.

The animal gut microbiome can have a strong influence on the health, fitness, and behavior of its hosts. The composition of the gut microbial community can be influenced by factors such as diet, environment, and evolutionary history (phylosymbiosis). However, the relative influence of these factors is unknown in most bird species.

Predicting physicochemical properties of papayas (Carica papaya L.) using a convolutional neural networks model approach.

The current state of quality assessment methods for agricultural produce, particularly fruits, heavily relies on manual inspection techniques, which could be subjective, time-consuming, and prone to human errors. Consequently, there have been emerging trends and needs for non-destructive methods to evaluate fruit quality accurately and practically. This research aimed to develop a novel approach for predicting the physicochemical properties of papayas using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model that combines image analysis and weight assessment.

Islands are key for protecting the world's plant endemism.

Islands are renowned as evolutionary laboratories and support many species that are not found elsewhere. Islands are also of great conservation concern, with many of their endemic species currently threatened or extinct. Here we present a standardized checklist of all known vascular plants that occur on islands and document their geographical and phylogenetic distribution and conservation risk.

Visible light-mediated organocatalyzed 1,3-aminoacylation of cyclopropane employing N-benzoyl saccharin as bifunctional reagent.

The carboamination of unsaturated molecules using bifunctional reagents is considered an attractive approach for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds. However, bifunctional C-N reagents have never been employed in the carboamination of cyclopropane. In this study, we use an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), N-benzoyl saccharin, as a bifunctional reagent and a photoredox catalyst for a dual-catalyzed 1,3-aminoacylation of cyclopropane.

Glucose hydrochar consists of linked phenol, furan, arene, alkyl, and ketone structures revealed by advanced solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance.

The molecular structure of hydrochars produced from C-enriched glucose under various conditions has been elucidated based on advanced one- and two-dimensional (2D) H-C and C-C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with spectral editing. Regardless of synthesis conditions, hydrochars consist mostly of oxygen-substituted arene rings (including diphenols) and furans connected by alkyl linkers rich in ketones. Cross-linking nonprotonated and methyne (C-H) alkyl carbons have been identified through spectrally edited 2D NMR.

Immigrant Status, Social Support From Children, and Resilience for Older Parents' Perceived Oral Health Among Chinese Americans.

Improving the oral health of older immigrants is an important public health priority in the United States, but the role of children's support has received little attention. This study investigated the relationship between support from adult children and perceived oral health among foreign-born and U.S.

Effects of polyphenols from Tasmannia lanceolata on structural, emulsifying, and antioxidant properties of pea protein.

The effects of polyphenols from Tasmanian pepper (Tasmannia Lanceolata) leaf and berry on the functional properties of pea protein were investigated in flaxseed oil-in-water emulsions. Phenolic acids and flavonols in Tasmanian pepper leaf with smaller molecular weights led to stronger non-covalent interactions with pea protein, while anthocyanins from Tasmanian pepper berry induced protein aggregation under acidic condition and co-existed with proteins in neutral and alkaline conditions. The total phenolic content was significantly increased with incorporation of polyphenols from Tasmanian pepper leaf (334.

A mixed-method exploration of #vapingcessation videos on TikTok.

Background: E-cigarette use has risen rapidly, especially among young people. TikTok is one of the most commonly used social media platforms among young people. The representation of vaping cessation messages in TikTok content remains unexplored.

Pd-Catalyzed 1,4-Difluoromethylative Functionalization of 1,3-Dienes Using Freon-22.

We report a visible-light-driven, palladium-catalyzed 1,4-difluoromethylative functionalization of conjugated dienes using chlorodifluoromethane (ClCFH, Freon-22) as a cost-effective difluoromethyl source. The excited palladium catalyst efficiently reduces the C-Cl bond, which generates a CFH radical, followed by regioselective S2' substitution to afford 1,4-difunctionalized products. This versatile, redox-neutral method accommodates diverse nucleophiles and exhibits broad functional group compatibility, making it suitable for late-stage functionalization in drug discovery and offering a direct route to difluoromethylated molecules.

Chemotactic behavior for a self-phoretic Janus particle near a patch source of fuel.

Many biological microswimmers are capable of chemotaxis, , they can sense an ambient chemical gradient and adjust their mechanism of motility to move towards or away from the source of the gradient. Synthetic active colloids endowed with chemotactic behavior hold considerable promise for targeted drug delivery and the realization of programmable and reconfigurable materials. Here, we study the chemotactic behavior of a Janus particle, which converts "fuel" molecules, released at an axisymmetric chemical patch located on a planar wall, into "product" molecules at its catalytic cap and moves by self-phoresis induced by the product.

Dissemination of VMAT-2 Inhibitors: A New Class Drug for Tardive Dyskinesia and Huntington Disease.

Background And Objectives: In 2017, the FDA approved deutetrabenazine (AUSTEDO) for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD) and chorea associated with Huntington disease (HD). Concurrently, valbenazine (INGREZZA) was approved specifically for TD. The adoption of new medications is influenced by various factors, including patient's medical needs, the prescriber's adoption of new practice, and external environmental factors (e.

The Vecta 46 intermediate catheter for mechanical thrombectomy of distal medium vessel occlusions: A single-center experience.

Introduction: With emerging evidence supporting the clinical efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs), MT devices specifically designed to navigate through smaller caliber and more delicate tortuous distal cerebrovasculature are required. This study describes our single-center experience using the AXS Vecta 46 intermediate catheter for first-line thromboaspiration of DMVOs.

Methods: We identified all patients who underwent MT using the Vecta 46 for first-line thromboaspiration for primary or secondary DMVOs.

Magnetic diffusion in solar atmosphere produces measurable electric fields.

The efficient release of magnetic energy in astrophysical plasmas, such as during solar flares, can in principle be achieved through magnetic diffusion, at a rate determined by the associated electric field. However, attempts at measuring electric fields in the solar atmosphere are scarce, and none exist for sites where the magnetic energy is presumably released. Here, we present observations of an energetic event using the National Science Foundation's Daniel K.

Interactive effects of genetic liability and combat exposure on risk of alcohol use disorder among US service members.

Background: An improved understanding of pathways to alcohol use disorder (AUD) among service members may inform efforts to reduce the substantial impact of AUD on this population. This study examined whether the relationship between a service-related risk factor (combat exposure) and later AUD varied based on individual differences in genetic liability to AUD.

Methods: The sample consisted of 1203 US Army soldiers of genetically determined European ancestry who provided survey and genomic data in the Army STARRS Pre/Post Deployment Study (PPDS; 2012-2014) and follow-up survey data in wave 1 of the STARRS Longitudinal Study (2016-2018).

Atlantic bluefin tuna tagged off Norway show extensive annual migrations, high site-fidelity and dynamic behaviour in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.

Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT; ) is a highly migratory species. To investigate the migrations and vertical behaviours of ABFT migrating to Nordic waters, we deployed pop-up satellite archival transmitting tags on 25 ABFT off Norway (curved fork length: 228-292 cm). We obtained 16 full-year migrations, which differed between individuals, and physically recovered 13 tags, which provided 4699 days of archival depth and temperature data.

Validation of the Japanese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4-J) to screen for depression and anxiety.

Objective: We aimed to validate the Japanese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4-J). People in Japan, especially healthcare workers (HCWs) suffer from high rates of mental health symptoms. The PHQ-4 is an established ultra-brief mental health measure used in various settings, populations and languages.

Exploring Science Identity and Latent Factors of Student Gains in a Place-based Marine Science CURE Designed to Provide Access to Hawai'i Students from Historically Marginalized Ethnicities.

Hawai'i students, and in particular Native Hawaiian students, face high rates of attrition and low representation in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) academic majors and careers, but place-based Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences (CUREs) such as the Research Experiences in Marine Science (REMS) summer program may help to better engage these students with scientific content understanding and skills development. This article assesses latent factors of student gains after participating in the REMS program as they relate to student science identity. Results from an exploratory factor analysis examining the internal structure of an assessment measure delivered during the program suggest strong evidence of four latent factors in student self-reported learning gains: Content Understanding, Scientific Skills, Interest, and Integration.