Tracking the acetate threshold using DO-transient control during medium and high cell density cultivation of recombinant Escherichia coli in complex media.

DO-transient nutrient controllers use the dissolved oxygen signal to attempt acetate threshold tracking during fed-batch cultivation of recombinant E. coli. Here we apply DO-transient control to the production of Jembrana disease virus protein in complex Super Luria medium and compare performance against a high-limit pH-stat controller.

Chronic phase lipids in sera of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), chronic ciguatera fish poisoning (CCFP), hepatitis B, and cancer with antigenic epitope resembling ciguatoxin, as assessed with MAb-CTX.

Clinical reports and descriptions of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and chronic ciguatera fish poisoning (CCFP) show great similarities in clinical symptomology. These similarities in the literature suggested the exploration of lipids in sera of CFS, CCFP, and other diseases with the membrane immunobead assay (MIA), which is typically used for screening ciguateric ocean fish. Sera from patients with other diseases, including hepatitis B, cancer, and diabetes, were included to assess the degree of specificity involved.

An epidemic of contact dermatitis at the University of Hawaii Manoa.

Seventy-five cases of contact dermatitis at the University of Hawaii Manoa campus were traced to trees planted near a residence hall. A number of university and public health offices were involved in finding the cause of the "mystery rash."

Does canopy position affect wood specific gravity in temperate forest trees?

The radial increases in wood specific gravity known in many tree species have been interpreted as providing mechanical support in response to the stresses associated with wind loading. This interpretation leads to the hypothesis that individuals reaching the canopy should (1) be more likely to have radial increases in specific gravity and (2) exhibit greater increases than individuals in the subcanopy. Wood specific gravity was determined for three species of forest trees (Acer rubrum, Fagus grandifolia and Tsuga canadensis) growing in central Massachusetts, USA.

Overexpression of violaxanthin de-epoxidase: properties of C-terminal deletions on activity and pH-dependent lipid binding.

Violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) is localized in the thylakoid lumen and catalyzes the de-epoxidation of violaxanthin to form antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin. VDE is predicted to be a lipocalin protein with a central barrel structure flanked by a cysteine-rich N-terminal domain and a glutamate-rich C-terminal domain. A full-length Arabidopsis thaliana (L.

Prediction of anxiety disorders using the state-trait anxiety inventory for multiethnic adolescents.

The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in predicting DSM-III-R anxiety disorders based on the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC, Version 2.3) and using Asian/Pacific Islander adolescents. An overall prevalence rate of 9.

Effects of general, special, and specific resistance training on throwing velocity in baseball: a brief review.

Throwing velocity is a necessary requirement for success in baseball. All position players, including pitchers, may increase their defensive performance if their throwing velocity is improved. A review of the literature suggests that throwing velocity can be increased by resistance training and/or biomechanical improvement of the throwing motion.

Mitochondrial DNA decrease in subcutaneous adipose tissue of HIV-infected individuals with peripheral lipoatrophy.

Objective: To determine whether the peripheral fat wasting (lipodystrophy), which is seen in association with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) that includes a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), is associated with a decrease in subcutaneous adipose tissue mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content or with large mtDNA deletions or insertions.

Design: A four cohort cross-sectional study.

Methods: The mtDNA content of subcutaneous fat tissue from the neck, abdomen and thigh was determined by polymerase chain reaction utilizing the amplification of three different mtDNA fragments.

Volume and enthalpy profiles of CO binding to Fe(II) tetrakis-(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin.

The focus of this study is to examine volume and enthalpy profiles of ligand binding associated with CO-Fe(II) tetrakis-(4-sulfonato phenyl)-porphyrin (COFe(II)4SP) in aqueous solution. Temperature dependent photothermal beam deflection was employed to probe the overall enthalpy and volume changes associated with CO-photolysis and recombination. The analysis demonstrates that ligand recombination occurs with a pseudo first order rate constant of (2.

Plant lipocalins: violaxanthin de-epoxidase and zeaxanthin epoxidase.

Violaxanthin de-epoxidase and zeaxanthin epoxidase catalyze the interconversions between the carotenoids violaxanthin, antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin in plants. These interconversions form the violaxanthin or xanthophyll cycle that protects the photosynthetic system of plants against damage by excess light. These enzymes are the first reported lipocalin proteins identified from plants and are only the second examples of lipocalin proteins with enzymatic activity.

Efficient translocation and processing with Xenopus egg extracts of proteins synthesized in rabbit reticulocyte lysate.

Cell-free translation/translocation systems are broadly applied to examine gene expression and characterize the structure-function relationship of gene products. We present the characterization of Xenopus egg extract (XEE) translocation and processing of proteins synthesized in rabbit reticulocyte lysate. The XEE was prepared from eggs laid by adult female frogs that received serial injections of gonadotropins.

The in vitro synthesized and processed human insulin receptor precursor binds insulin.

The cell-free examination of the human insulin receptor during biogenesis may provide a greater understanding of the elements that contribute to the acquisition of receptor function. The insulin receptor precursor components were produced in a cell-free system and the insulin binding ability of the [35S]methionine-labeled translation products was determined. The processed proreceptor represented by a 190 kDa band was retained on insulin-linked biotin-streptavidin agarose or an insulin column.

Developmental expression of violaxanthin de-epoxidase in leaves of tobacco growing under high and low light.

Violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) is a lumen-localized enzyme that catalyzes the de-epoxidation of violaxanthin in the thylakoid membrane upon formation of a transthylakoid pH gradient. We investigated the developmental expression of VDE in leaves of mature tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants grown under high-light conditions (in the field) and low-light conditions (in a growth chamber). The difference in light conditions was evident by the increased pool size (violaxanthin + antheraxanthin + zeaxanthin, VAZ) throughout leaf development in field-grown plants.

Fasting hyperinsulinemia and increased waist-to-hip ratios in non-wasting individuals with AIDS.

Objective: To identify metabolic and body composition changes associated with HIV-1 infection in a cross-sectional study of individuals stratified by immunologic status and body mass.

Design: Metabolic abnormalities including glucose intolerance and changes in body morphology have recently been described in HIV-1-infected individuals following therapy with protease inhibitor-containing highly active anti-retroviral therapy. Although this is suggestive of a direct drug effect, the possibility that HIV infection may induce a tendency towards such underlying derangements should be considered.

Oxalate exudation by taro in response to Al.

Roots of taro (Colocasia esculenta [L.] Schott cvs Bun-long and Lehua maoli) exuded increasing concentrations of oxalate with increasing Al stress. This exudation was a specific response to excess Al and not to P deficiency.

P450scc-like immunoreactivity throughout gonadal restructuring in the protogynous hermaphrodite Thalassoma duperrey.

The source of steroid hormones, which potentially regulate gonadal restructuring throughout protogynous sex change in teleosts, remains largely unknown. To address this issue, immunocytochemical methods were employed to detect gonadal sites of steroidogenesis in the protogynous hermaphrodite wrasse Thalassoma duperrey at different stages in the sex change process. Steroidogenic cells were classified based on the presence of P450 cholesterol-side-chain-cleavage-like immunoreactivity (P450scc-ir).

Xanthophyll cycle enzymes are members of the lipocalin family, the first identified from plants.

Violaxanthin de-epoxidase and zeaxanthin epoxidase catalyze the addition and removal of epoxide groups in carotenoids of the xanthophyll cycle in plants. The xanthophyll cycle is implicated in protecting the photosynthetic apparatus from excessive light. Two new sequences for violaxanthin de-epoxidase from tobacco and Arabidopsis are described.

Detection of yellowhead virus and Chinese baculovirus in penaeid shrimp by the Western blot technique.

The continuing threat posed by viral diseases in cultured shrimp calls for the development of detection technologies for monitoring the animals, especially broodstock. Two of the most highly pathogenic viruses of penaeid shrimp are the yellow-head virus (YHV) and Chinese baculovirus (CBV, also called white spot baculovirus). A Western blot (WB) protocol capable of detecting YHV and CBV in the hemolymph of infected shrimp was developed.

An assessment of health and disease in the prehistoric inhabitants of the Mariana Islands.

Using a variety of skeletal and dental stress indicators, an assessment of the health and disease of the indigenous inhabitants of the Mariana Islands, the Chamorro, is made. The major hypothesis to be tested is that the Chamorro were relatively healthy and that deviations from the expected, as well as inter-island variation, may reflect environmental, ecological, and cultural differences. The major skeletal series surveyed include sites on Guam (N = 247 individuals), Rota (N = 14), Tinian (N = 20), and Saipan (N = 102).

Skeletal biology of Apurguan: a precontact Chamorro site on Guam.

The human skeletal remains of a minimum of 152 individuals from the precontact Latte Period (AD 1000-1521) on Guam, Mariana Islands, are described. The sample, recovered at Apurguan, in the Tamuning District, is one of the largest series of well-provenienced Chamorro skeletal remains to be analyzed in recent years. The size and systematic nature of this database are a major contribution to the human biology of the region.

Management of intersexuality. Guidelines for dealing with persons with ambiguous genitalia.

Following the publication of our article about a classic case of sex reassignment, the media attention was rapid and widespread, as was the reaction of many clinicians. Some wanted to comment or ask questions, but many contacted us directly or indirectly, asking for specific guidelines on how to manage cases of traumatized or ambiguous genitalia.

Separation of benzodiazepines on a new carbohydrate-based chiral stationary phase for HPLC.

Several benzodiazepines were enantioresolved on a new carbohydrate chiral stationary phase based on maltooligosaccharides. The role of organic modifier, ionic strength, pH and temperature are examined and the results are discussed. In general, selectivity and retention were found to decrease with increasing organic modifier concentration.

Sex reassignment at birth. Long-term review and clinical implications.

This article is a long-term follow-up to a classic case reported in pediatric, psychiatric, and sexological literature. The penis of an XY individual was accidentally ablated and he was subsequently raised as a female. Initially this individual was described as developing into a normally functioning female.

Development of an in vitro quantal assay in primary cell cultures for a non-occluded baculo-like virus of penaeid shrimp.

An in vitro quantal assay (TCID50) for a non-occluded baculo-like virus isolate from naturally infected Penaeus japonicus obtained from China and experimentally infected P. stylirostris was developed using primary shrimp lymphoid cell cultures in Primaria 24-well tissue culture plates. The virus caused cytopathogenic effect (CPE) in the cell cultures as early as 2 day post-infection (p.