Smoking Pack Years and Eustachian Tube Dysfunction.

Objective: To determine the effect of smoking history on the risk of developing obstructive eustachian tube dysfunction (OETD).

Study Design: Cross-sectional review.

Setting: National database.

Shifting institutional culture to develop climate solutions with Open Science.

To address our climate emergency, "we must rapidly, radically reshape society"-Johnson & Wilkinson, All We Can Save. In science, reshaping requires formidable technical (cloud, coding, reproducibility) and cultural shifts (mindsets, hybrid collaboration, inclusion). We are a group of cross-government and academic scientists that are exploring better ways of working and not being too entrenched in our bureaucracies to do better science, support colleagues, and change the culture at our organizations.

Checklist of newly-vouchered annelid taxa from the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean, based on morphology and genetic delimitation.

Background: We present a checklist of annelids from recent United Kingdom Seabed Resources (UKSR) expeditions (Abyssal Baseline - ABYSSLINE project) to the eastern abyssal Pacific Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) polymetallic nodule fields, based on DNA species delimitation, including imagery of voucher specimens, Darwin Core (DwC) data and links to vouchered specimen material and new GenBank sequence records. This paper includes genetic and imagery data for 129 species of annelids from 339 records and is restricted to material that is, in general, in too poor a condition to describe formally at this time, but likely contains many species new to science. We make these data available both to aid future taxonomic studies in the CCZ that will be able to link back to these genetic data and specimens and to better underpin ongoing ecological studies of potential deep-sea mining impacts using the principles of FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusuable) data and specimens that will be available for all.

Dietary intake and visceral adiposity in older adults: The Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype study.

Background: There are established links between the accumulation of body fat as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and the risk of developing obesity-associated metabolic disease. Previous studies have suggested that levels of intake of specific foods and nutrients are associated with VAT accumulation after accounting for total energy intake.

Objective: This study assessed associations between a priori selected dietary factors on VAT quantified using abdominal magnetic resonance imaging.

Small-scale genetic structure of coral populations in Palau based on whole mitochondrial genomes: Implications for future coral resilience.

The ability of local populations to adapt to future climate conditions is facilitated by a balance between short range dispersal allowing local buildup of adaptively beneficial alleles, and longer dispersal moving these alleles throughout the species range. Reef building corals have relatively low dispersal larvae, but most population genetic studies show differentiation only over 100s of km. Here, we report full mitochondrial genome sequences from 284 tabletop corals () from 39 patch reefs in Palau, and show two signals of genetic structure across reef scales from 1 to 55 km.

High-Tide Floods and Storm Surges During Atmospheric Rivers on the US West Coast.

Atmospheric rivers (ARs) cause inland hydrological impacts related to precipitation. However, little is known about coastal hazards associated with these events. We elucidate high-tide floods (HTFs) and storm surges during ARs on the US West Coast during 1980-2016.

Open Peroneal Tendon Stabilization With Fibular Groove Deepening.

Peroneal tendon subluxation often occurs because of sudden dorsiflexion of the ankle, leading to a traumatic rupture of the superior peroneal retinaculum. Currently, there are several surgical techniques to deepen the fibular groove, but there is no universally accepted gold standard. This technique article describes a fibular groove deepening with preservation of the fibrocartilage in conjunction with repair of the superior peroneal retinaculum.

Impact of the World Inflammatory Bowel Disease Day and Crohn's and Colitis Awareness Week on Population Interest Between 2016 and 2020: Google Trends Analysis.

Background: More than 6 million people are affected by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) globally. The World IBD Day (WID, May 19) and Crohn's and Colitis Awareness Week (CCAW, December 1-7) occur yearly as national health observances to raise public awareness of IBD, but their effects are unclear.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between WID or CCAW and the public health awareness on IBD represented by the Google search engine query data.

Novel lures and COI sequences reveal cryptic new species of fruit flies in the Solomon Islands (Diptera, Tephritidae, Dacini).

Results from a snap-shot survey of Dacine fruit flies carried out on three of the Solomon Islands in April 2018 are reported. Using traps baited with the male lures cue-lure, methyl eugenol, and zingerone, 30 of the 48 species previously known to occur in the Solomon Islands were collected. Six species are newly described here: , , , , , and , all authored by Leblanc & Doorenweerd.

Cardiovascular Health Disparities in Racial and Other Underrepresented Groups: Initial Results From the All of Us Research Program.

Background All of Us is a novel research program that aims to accelerate research in populations traditionally underrepresented in biomedical research. Our objective was to evaluate the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in broadly defined underrepresented groups. Methods and Results We evaluated the latest data release of All of Us.

Correction: Nafion film transport properties in a low-Pt PEM fuel cell: impedance spectroscopy study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C9RA07794D.].

The Dacini fruit fly fauna of Sulawesi fits Lydekker's line but also supports Wallacea as a biogeographic region (Diptera, Tephritidae).

Although there is scientific consensus on most of the major biogeographic regions in the world, the demarcation of the area connecting Southeast Asia with Australia and Oceania remains debated. Two candidate boundaries potentially explain faunistic diversity patterns in the regions: Lydekker's and Wallace's lines. The islands in between both 'lines' are jointly termed Wallacea, with Sulawesi as the largest landmass.

Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Occupational Stress Levels Among Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists.

Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) are exposed to multiple job-related stressors and therefore experience high levels of occupational stress and job burnout. In healthcare systems, job burnout from occupational stress may lead to poor patient care and safety outcomes. Prior research findings suggest nurses who reported higher levels of emotional intelligence (EI) had significantly lower work-related stress and less job burnout than nurses who reported lower levels of EI.

The paradoxical rarity of a fruit fly fungus attacking a broad range of hosts.

Understanding the factors that determine the realized and potential distribution of a species requires knowledge of abiotic, physiological, limitations as well as ecological interactions. Fungi of the order Laboulbeniales specialize on arthropods and are typically thought to be highly specialized on a single species or closely related group of species. Because infections are almost exclusively transmitted through direct contact between the hosts, the host ecology, to a large extent, determines the distribution and occurrence of the fungus.

Four Theories of the Madden-Julian Oscillation.

Studies of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) have progressed considerably during the past decades in observations, numerical modeling, and theoretical understanding. Many theoretical attempts have been made to identify the most essential processes responsible for the existence of the MJO. Criteria are proposed to separate a hypothesis from a theory (based on the first principles with quantitative and testable assumptions, able to predict quantitatively the fundamental scales and eastward propagation of the MJO).

Perceptions on Diversity in Cardiology: A Survey of Cardiology Fellowship Training Program Directors.

Background The lack of diversity in the cardiovascular physician workforce is thought to be an important driver of racial and sex disparities in cardiac care. Cardiology fellowship program directors play a critical role in shaping the cardiology workforce. Methods and Results To assess program directors' perceptions about diversity and barriers to enhancing diversity, the authors conducted a survey of 513 fellowship program directors or associate directors from 193 unique adult cardiology fellowship training programs.

Nafion film transport properties in a low-Pt PEM fuel cell: impedance spectroscopy study.

Unexpected over-linear transport loss in low-Pt PEM fuel cells has been a subject of numerous studies and discussions in literature. Most of the authors agree that these losses are due to oxygen transport in the Nafion film covering Pt/C agglomerates in the cathode catalyst layer (CCL). We develop a model for PEM fuel cell impedance, which takes into account oxygen transport through the film.

Mental Health Issues in Racial and Ethnic Minority Elderly.

Purpose Of Review: With the current demographic shifts, the USA will soon become a "majority minority" country. While the population of the USA over the age of 65 years is projected to increase from 13.5% to 20% in 2030, racial and ethnic minority elderly, who are now 21% of the population, will increase to 44% by 2060.

Accuracy of the Ventilator Automated Displayed Respiratory Mechanics in Passive and Active Breathing Conditions: A Bench Study.

Background: New-generation ventilators display dynamic measures of respiratory mechanics, such as compliance, resistance, and auto-PEEP. Knowledge of the respiratory mechanics is paramount to clinicians at the bedside. These calculations are obtained automatically by using the least squares fitting method of the equation of motion.

Outcome and validation of a new clinically based staging system for predicting survival of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma patients.

Background And Aim: Currently available staging systems for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are not applicable to patients with unresectable stage. A new clinical staging system for perihilar CCA (pCCA) subtype has been recently developed in a US cohort, with a good performance in predicting survival of all pCCA patients. We aimed to determine outcomes of pCCA patients and evaluate predictive performance of this staging system in an Asian population.