SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm drives prolonged testicular injury and functional impairment in mice that are mitigated by dexamethasone.

Compromised male reproductive health, including reduced testosterone and sperm count, is one of the long COVID symptoms in individuals recovering from mild-severe disease. COVID-19 patients display testicular injury in the acute stage and altered serum fertility markers in the recovery phase, however, long-term implications on the testis remain unknown. This study characterized the consequences of SARS-CoV-2 on testis function.

Species Infections Detected from Fecal Samples of Animal and Human Hosts in South Africa: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This study presents a systematic review and meta-analysis approach of species prevalence studies in animal and human hosts published between 1980 and 2020 in South Africa. Extensive searches were conducted on three electronic databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. The findings indicated an overall pooled prevalence estimate (PPE) of spp.

Assessing exposure to weight stigma: development and initial validation of the Weight Stigma Exposure Inventory (WeSEI).

Background: Weight stigma is pervasive, and it has a significant impact on the social, physical, and psychological health of an individual. Weight stigma is observed from several different sources. Therefore, the present study developed and validated a new instrument, the Weight Stigma Exposure Inventory (WeSEI), to assess different sources of observed weight stigma across interpersonal and non-interpersonal sources.

Loss of PKM2 dysregulates inflammatory signaling in the infarcted murine heart.

Inflammation and a metabolic shift from oxidative metabolism to glycolysis are common in the ischemic heart, the latter partly controlled by pyruvate kinase (muscle, PKM). We previously identified alternative splicing promoting the PKM2 isoform after myocardial infarction (MI). We examined the role of PKM2 physiological upregulation after MI, modeled by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, using global PKM2 knockout (PKM2) mice.

Increased Risk of Stroke in Constipation Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: Constipation is commonly seen among patients with cardiovascular diseases and is linked to adverse outcomes. However, the association between constipation and the risk of stroke remains conflicting. Therefore, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the available data on this topic.

Holding time or fixative formulation has no obvious effect on histology of and .

Collection of coral for histologic examination requires holding of samples in seawater for a time before they are fixed for histologic processing. This could adversely affect the interpretation of morphologic changes during histologic examinations. We evaluated the microscopic morphology of and held (0-120 minutes) in seawater prior to fixation in Z-Fix formulated with raw or artificial seawater.

Optimizing Management of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Critically Ill Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: This systematic review aims to evaluate the optimal management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in critically ill surgical patients, specifically focusing on positioning, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use, ventilation, fluid resuscitation, and pharmacological treatments.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted utilizing four databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and ProQuest. This study followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and was registered with The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.

Rescue therapy after failed thrombectomy in medium/distal vessel occlusions: A retrospective analysis of an international, multi-center registry.

Background: There are limited therapeutic options in cases of failed reperfusion (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction [mTICI] score < 2b) after stent-retriever and/or aspiration based endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke. Despite the absence of data supporting its use, rescue therapy (balloon angioplasty and/or stent implantation) is often utilized in such cases. Studies are limited to large vessel occlusions, while the outcomes and complications after rescue therapy in medium/distal vessel occlusions (MDVOs) have not been reported.

R(3780) Resonance Interpreted as the 1^{3}D_{1}-Wave Dominant State of Charmonium from Precise Measurements of the Cross Section of e^{+}e^{-}→Hadrons.

We report the precise measurements of the cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV.

Protective effects of methylnissolin and methylnissolin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside on TNF-α-induced inflammation in human dermal fibroblasts.

Methylnissolin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (MNG) and methylnissolin (MN) are pterocarpan derivatives that are found in plants, such as Astragalus membranaceus. There are limited existing studies on the potential health benefits of MNG, and currently there is no evidence to suggest that MNG has any impact on skin-aging. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays a significant role in skin aging by promoting chronic inflammation, damaging skin cells, and impairing the skin's natural repair mechanisms.

Illudin S inhibits p53-Mdm2 interaction for anticancer efficacy in colorectal cancer.

The impairment of the p53 pathway was once regarded as inadequately druggable due to the specificity of the p53 structure, its flat surface lacking an ideal drug-binding site, and the difficulty in reinstating p53 function. However, renewed interest in p53-based therapies has emerged, with promising approaches targeting p53 and ongoing clinical trials investigating p53-based treatments across various cancers. Despite significant progress in p53-targeted therapies, challenges persist in identifying effective therapeutic targets within the p53 pathway.

Comparing Patient-Reported Outcomes Following the Minimally Invasive Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)-Related Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Rezum Versus UroLift.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to compare patient-reported outcomes of minimally invasive treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), namely, transurethral water vapor therapy (Rezum) and prostatic urethral lift (UroLift), due to the lack of direct comparison in the existing literature. Methods A retrospective single-institution study was conducted comparing Rezum and UroLift procedures performed by three surgeons between January 2019 and June 2022. The difference in American Urological Association Symptom Scores (AUA SS) was the primary outcome measure.

Closure of Earth's Global Seasonal Cycle of Energy Storage.

The global seasonal cycle of energy in Earth's climate system is quantified using observations and reanalyses. After removing long-term trends, net energy entering and exiting the climate system at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) should agree with the sum of energy entering and exiting the ocean, atmosphere, land, and ice over the course of an average year. Achieving such a balanced budget with observations has been challenging.

Observational Assessment of Changes in Earth's Energy Imbalance Since 2000.

Satellite observations from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System show that Earth's energy imbalance has doubled from 0.5 ± 0.2 Wm during the first 10 years of this century to 1.

North Atlantic Heat Transport Convergence Derived from a Regional Energy Budget Using Different Ocean Heat Content Estimates.

This study uses an oceanic energy budget to estimate the ocean heat transport convergence in the North Atlantic during 2005-2018. The horizontal convergence of the ocean heat transport is estimated using ocean heat content tendency primarily derived from satellite altimetry combined with space gravimetry. The net surface energy fluxes are inferred from mass-corrected divergence of atmospheric energy transport and tendency of the ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis combined with top-of-the-atmosphere radiative fluxes from the clouds and the Earth's radiant energy system project.

Associations of Cord Blood Concentrations of Perfluoroalkyl Substances with Autistic Traits in Singaporean Children: The Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes Study.

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social deficits and repetitive behaviors. Environmental pollutants may contribute to the etiology of ASD, but studies of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have shown conflicting results.

Objectives: We assessed associations between cord blood concentrations of PFAS with autistic traits at age seven years in a Singaporean birth cohort.

Metabolic mechanism, responses, and functions of genes HDH1, HDH3, and GST1 of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) to the insecticide thiamethoxam.

Misuse of insecticides such as thiamethoxam (TMX) not only affects the quality of tea but also leaves residues in tea. Therefore, exploring the metabolic mechanisms of TMX in tea plants can evaluate effects of pesticides on the environment and human health. Here, effects of TMX on tea plants were studied.

Clinical Outcomes Following Component Therapy Only Versus Whole Blood Plus Component Versus Whole Blood Only in Geriatric Trauma Patients With Isolated Chest or Abdominal Injuries With or Without Traumatic Brain Injury.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate clinical outcomes in geriatric trauma patients with isolated chest or abdominal injuries with or without traumatic brain injury (TBI) receiving whole blood (WB), component (COMP), or WB and component therapy (WB + COMP).

Methods: This retrospective analysis of the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program Participant Use File dataset from 2017 to 2021 evaluated geriatric (age ≥65) trauma patients with moderate-to-severe isolated chest (abbreviated injury scale (AIS) chest ≥2) or abdominal (AIS abdomen ≥2) injuries with or without TBI (AIS head ≥2) receiving WB, COMP, or WB + COMP. Outcomes included emergency department and 24-h mortality, blood product volume (mL) at 4 hs, and intensive care unit-length of stay.

Salivary extracellular vesicles isolation methods impact the robustness of downstream biomarkers detection.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), crucial mediators in cell-to-cell communication, are implicated in both homeostatic and pathological processes. Their detectability in easily accessible peripheral fluids like saliva positions them as promising candidates for non-invasive biomarker discovery. However, the lack of standardized methods for salivary EVs isolation greatly limits our ability to study them.

Testing the generalizability of minimal group attitudes in minority and majority race children.

The minimal group effect, in which people prefer ingroup members to outgroup members even when group membership is trivially constructed, has been studied extensively in psychological science. Despite a large body of literature on this phenomenon, concerns persist regarding previous developmental research populations that are small and lack racial/ethnic diversity. In addition, it remains unclear what role holding membership within and interacting with specific racial/ethnic groups plays in the development of children's group attitudes.

An unusual case of varicella zoster encephalitis mimicking a glioblastoma on magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

The authors report a case of varicella zoster encephalitis, mimicking a glioblastoma on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS). The limitations of MRI/MRS, may lead to delayed treatment with antiviral agents, which can result in increased morbidity and mortality. The possibility of viral encephalitis should remain in the differential diagnosis of all patients presenting with headaches and confusion, even when imaging results are indicative of a neoplastic process.