Emotional Dysregulation in Emerging Adult ADHD: A Key Consideration in Explaining and Classifying Impairment and Co-Occurring Internalizing Problems.

Objective: The current study sought to clarify and harness the incremental validity of emotional dysregulation and unawareness (EDU) in emerging adulthood, beyond ADHD symptoms and with respect to concurrent classification of impairment and co-occurring problems, using machine learning techniques.

Method: Participants were 1,539 college students ( = 19.5, 69% female) with self-reported ADHD diagnoses from a multisite study who completed questionnaires assessing ADHD symptoms, EDU, and co-occurring problems.

Networks as tools for defining emergent properties of microbiomes and their stability.

The potential promise of the microbiome to ameliorate a wide range of societal and ecological challenges, from disease prevention and treatment to the restoration of entire ecosystems, hinges not only on microbiome engineering but also on the stability of beneficial microbiomes. Yet the properties of microbiome stability remain elusive and challenging to discern due to the complexity of interactions and often intractable diversity within these communities of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and other microeukaryotes. Networks are powerful tools for the study of complex microbiomes, with the potential to elucidate structural patterns of stable communities and generate testable hypotheses for experimental validation.

Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders' Identity and Housing Status: The Impact on Historical Trauma and Perceived Stress.

Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs) are overrepresented in Hawai'i's houseless population. Indigenous populations, such as NHPIs, may encounter experiences of historical trauma that impact their well-being. This original research project examines how NHPI identity and houselessness compound to affect the perceived stress and historical trauma of transition-aged youth.

Use of long-term underwater camera surveillance to assess the effects of the largest Amazonian hydroelectric dam on fish communities.

The increase in the construction of mega dams in tropical basins is considered a threat to freshwater fish diversity. Although difficult to detect in conventional monitoring programs, rheophilic species and those reliant on shallow habitats comprise a large proportion of fish diversity in tropical basins and are among the most sensitive species to hydropower impacts. We used Baited Remote Underwater Video (BRUV), an innovative, non-invasive sampling technique, to record the impacts caused by Belo Monte, the third largest hydropower project in the world, on fishes inhabiting fast waters in the Xingu River.

The Ni isotopic composition of Ryugu reveals a common accretion region for carbonaceous chondrites.

The isotopic compositions of samples returned from Cb-type asteroid Ryugu and Ivuna-type (CI) chondrites are distinct from other carbonaceous chondrites, which has led to the suggestion that Ryugu/CI chondrites formed in a different region of the accretion disk, possibly around the orbits of Uranus and Neptune. We show that, like for Fe, Ryugu and CI chondrites also have indistinguishable Ni isotope anomalies, which differ from those of other carbonaceous chondrites. We propose that this unique Fe and Ni isotopic composition reflects different accretion efficiencies of small FeNi metal grains among the carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies.

Four decades of Hawaiian monk seal entanglement data reveal the benefits of plastic debris removal.

Abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear causes harm to marine species and ecosystems. To mitigate the destruction wrought by this ocean plastic debris, various cleanup programs have been established, though to our knowledge the benefits of such efforts to marine species and ecosystems have not yet been empirically demonstrated. We examined more than 40 years of Hawaiian monk seal marine debris entanglement records before and after large-scale marine debris removal efforts were initiated in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, demonstrating a substantial reduction in entanglement rates where debris removal effort was most concentrated.

Increasing Oncology Nurse Cultural Knowledge, Sensitivity, and Humility in Caring for the Native Hawai'ian and Pacific Islander Population.

Stress affects people's physiologic and mental well-being. Compounded stress from natural disasters, intergenerational trauma, stigma, and mistrust of the dominant society may lead to illness and potential oncologic disorde.

Widespread scope for coral adaptation under combined ocean warming and acidification.

Reef-building coral populations are at serious risk of collapse due to the combined effects of ocean warming and acidification. Nonetheless, many corals show potential to adapt to the changing ocean conditions. Here we examine the broad sense heritability (H) of coral calcification rates across an ecologically and phylogenetically diverse sampling of eight of the primary reef-building corals across the Indo-Pacific.

MAD2L1 supports MYC-driven liver carcinogenesis in mice and predicts poor prognosis in human hepatocarcinoma.

Mitotic arrest-deficient 2 like 1 (MAD2L1) is a component of the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint implicated in cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. The functional role of MAD2L1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been adequately investigated, especially in vivo. In the current manuscript, we sought to address the function of MAD2L1 in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Abiotic factors shape mosquito microbiomes that enhance host development.

Metazoans rely on interactions with microorganisms through multiple life stages. For example, developmental trajectories of mosquitoes can vary depending on the microorganisms available during their aquatic larval phase. However, the role that the local environment plays in shaping such host-microbe dynamics and the consequences for the host organism remain inadequately understood.

Trunk-to-leg volume and appendicular lean mass from a commercial 3-dimensional optical body scanner for disease risk identification.

Background & Aims: Body shape expressed as the trunk-to-leg volume ratio is associated with diabetes and mortality due to the associations between higher adiposity and lower lean mass with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) risk. Reduced appendicular muscle mass is associated with malnutrition risk and age-related frailty, and is a risk factor for poor treatment outcomes related to MetS and other clinical conditions (e.g.

Tracking sero-molecular trends of swine brucellosis in Hawai'i and the central Pacific.

Introduction: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease of mammals caused by bacterial species of the genus. The reservoir for disease is typically mammals, with species of found infecting amphibians, bats, and marine mammals. spp.

Assessing evidence on the impacts of nature-based interventions for climate change mitigation: a systematic map of primary and secondary research from subtropical and tropical terrestrial regions.

Background: Nature-based interventions (NbIs) for climate change mitigation include a diverse set of interventions aimed at conserving, restoring, and/or managing natural and modified ecosystems to improve their ability to store and sequester carbon and avoid greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Recent projections estimate that terrestrial NbIs can lead to more than one-third of the climate change mitigation necessary to meet the Paris Climate Agreement by 2030. Further, these interventions can provide co-benefits in the form of social and ecological outcomes.

Shining new light on naupliar eyes: A novel molecular phylogeny for Pleuromamma (Family: Metridinidae) and the characterization of luciferase and opsin expression.

Pleuromamma (Giesbrecht, 1898) is a cosmopolitan genus of metridinid copepods, with species that perform remarkable diel vertical migrations (DVM) and emit a bioluminescent secretion when disturbed that varies both spectrally and kinetically. Copepod bioluminescence is autogenic and uses luciferase enzymes that catalyze a luciferin, coelenterazine, to produce light. Pleuromamma possess naupliar eyes, relatively simple photosensitive structures used for many visually-guided behaviors.

A generalized numerical model for clonal growth in scleractinian coral colonies.

Coral reefs, vital ecosystems supporting diverse marine life, are primarily shaped by the clonal expansion of coral colonies. Although the principles of coral clonal growth, involving polyp division for spatial extension, are well-understood, numerical modelling efforts are notably scarce in the literature. In this article, we present a parsimonious numerical model based on the cloning of polyps, using five key parameters to simulate a range of coral shapes.