Is patient participation in hypertension care based on patients' preferences? A cross-sectional study in primary healthcare.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to address the need to improve opportunities for patient participation in their health and health services. This paper reports if and how patients' preferences matched their experiences of participation in treatment for hypertension in primary healthcare and what factors were linked with having had opportunities for participation that matched one's preferences.

Methods And Results: A total of 949 adult patients treated for hypertension completed the Patient Preferences for Patient Participation (4Ps) tool, with which they ranked their preferences for and experiences of patient participation.

The Effect of Graded Activity and Pain Education After Lumbar Spinal Fusion on Sedentary Behavior 3 and 12 Months Postsurgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To examine the effect of an early postsurgical intervention consisting of graded activity and pain education (GAPE) in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) undergoing lumbar spinal fusion (LSF) on sedentary behavior, disability, pain, fear of movement, self-efficacy for exercise and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at 3-, 6-, and 12 months follow-up.

Design: A parallel-group, observer-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Department of Occupational- and Physiotherapy and the Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.

The Mediating Role of Pain Cognitions and Pain Sensitivity in the Treatment Effect of Perioperative Pain Neuroscience Education in People Undergoing Surgery for Lumbar Radiculopathy.

Though perioperative pain neuroscience education (PPNE) positively influences patients' surgical outcomes, little is known about the mechanisms behind this treatment's success. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the potential mediating role of pain cognitions and pain sensitivity in the treatment effect of PPNE on postoperative quality of life in people undergoing surgery for lumbar radiculopathy. This secondary analysis uses data from 120 participants of a randomized controlled trial who were randomized to receive either PPNE or perioperative biomedical education before undergoing surgery for lumbar radiculopathy.

Exploring Interactions Between Sex, Pain Characteristics, Disability, and Quality of Life in People With Chronic Spinal Pain: A Structural Equation Model.

In people with nonspecific chronic spinal pain (nCSP), disability and quality of life are associated with clinical, cognitive, psychophysical, and demographic variables. However, evidence regarding the interactions between these variables is only limited to this population. Therefore, this study aims to explore path models explaining the multivariate contributions of such variables to disability and quality of life in people with nCSP.

Implementation fidelity of a transition program for adolescents with congenital heart disease: the STEPSTONES project.

Background: Although transition programs have been evaluated for adolescents with chronic conditions, these have rarely involved process evaluations. Indeed, outcomes of complex interventions are dependent on how the intervention is implemented in practice and evaluations of implementation process are therefore pivotal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent to which a transition program for adolescents with congenital heart disease was delivered as intended.

Muscle performance and fatigue in compensated chronic liver disease.

A common and debilitating symptom in patients with chronic liver disease is fatigue (CLD). Muscle dysfunction has been suggested to be a key mechanism of fatigue in CLD. We aimed to evaluate fatigue and the potential association with muscle performance and physical activity in outpatients with CLD.

Exploration of dynamics in a complex person-centred intervention process based on health professionals' perspectives.

Background: The assessment and evaluation of practical and sustainable development of health care has become a major focus of investigation in health services research. A key challenge for researchers as well as decision-makers in health care is to understand mechanisms influencing how complex interventions work and become embedded in practice, which is significant for both evaluation and later implementation. In this study, we explored nurses' and surgeons' perspectives on performing and participating in a complex multi-centre person-centred intervention process that aimed to support patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer to feel prepared for surgery, discharge and recovery.

Benefits of resistance exercise in lean women with fibromyalgia: involvement of IGF-1 and leptin.

Background: Chronic pain and fatigue improves by exercise in fibromyalgia (FM) but underlying mechanisms are not known. Obesity is increased among FM patients and associates with higher levels of pain. Symptom improvement after aerobic exercise is affected by body mass index (BMI) in FM.

Resistance exercise improves physical fatigue in women with fibromyalgia: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) affects approximately 1-3 % of the general population. Fatigue limits the work ability and social life of patients with FM. A few studies of physical exercise have included measures of fatigue in FM, indicating that exercise can decrease fatigue levels.

Fatigue: a distressing symptom for patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Fatigue is a frequent symptom in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and is associated with poor quality of life. However, few studies have evaluated its impact on daily life or the perceived distress it can cause. Using a multi-methods approach, this study describes the impact and manifestations of fatigue in patients with IBS and investigates the relationship between fatigue severity and illness-related and health-promoting factors.

Decrease of fear avoidance beliefs following person-centered progressive resistance exercise contributes to reduced pain disability in women with fibromyalgia: secondary exploratory analyses from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by persistent widespread pain, increased pain sensitivity and tenderness. Women with FM also report disability, in terms of negative consequences on activities of daily living. Our recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the first study of resistance exercise to show positive effects on pain disability.

Review article: bile acid diarrhoea - pathogenesis, diagnosis and management.

Background: Bile acid diarrhoea results from imbalances in the homoeostasis of bile acids in the enterohepatic circulation. It can be a consequence of ileal disease/dysfunction, associated with other GI pathology or can be idiopathic.

Aims: To summarise the different types of bile acid diarrhoea and discuss the currently available diagnostic methods and treatments.

Psychological factors selectively upregulate rectal pain perception in hypersensitive patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Visceral hypersensitivity and psychological symptoms are frequent features in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Exploring mechanistic pathways leading to visceral hypersensitivity is of importance to direct future studies and treatment options. In this study, we evaluated the contribution of psychological factors to the perception of painful and non-painful rectal sensations in hyper- vs normosensitive IBS patients.

Resistance exercise improves muscle strength, health status and pain intensity in fibromyalgia--a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by persistent widespread pain, increased pain sensitivity and tenderness. Muscle strength in women with FM is reduced compared to healthy women. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a progressive resistance exercise program on muscle strength, health status, and current pain intensity in women with FM.

The severity of inflammation at onset of ulcerative colitis is not associated with IBS-like symptoms during clinical remission.

Background And Aims: Symptoms compatible with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are common in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in clinical remission. It has been suggested that these symptoms might arise due to post-inflammatory changes comparable with post-infectious IBS. The aim was to study factors at new onset of UC that predict development of IBS-like symptoms during clinical remission.

The importance of a person-centered approach in diagnostic workups of patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a qualitative study.

The aim of this study was to explore experiences of undergoing a diagnostic workup in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) at a unit for functional gastrointestinal disorders. Research has been sparse in addressing such experiences and the impact on well-being. Patients with IBS were invited to perform a workup of gastrointestinal tests.

Interaction between preprandial and postprandial rectal sensory and motor abnormalities in IBS.

Background And Aims: Rectal sensory and motor interactions in patients with IBS have not been studied in detail. The aim of this study was to evaluate fasting and postprandial rectal sensorimotor characteristics and their interactions in IBS compared with healthy controls.

Design: We included 274 patients with IBS and 34 controls.