Three in four children age 12-23 months missed opportunities for vaccination in Sub-Saharan African countries: a multilevel mixed effect analysis of demographic health and surveys 2016-2023.

Background: Despite vaccination being the most cost-effective means to prevent disease and its adverse consequences, missing opportunities for vaccination remains a critical public health challenge. Many SSA countries still couldn't reach the target endorsed by the Global Vaccine Action Plan. Identifying contributing factors helps policymakers and planners to design potential interventions to avert missing opportunities for vaccination.

Bacterial profiles and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in neonatal sepsis at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding the bacterial profiles and antibiotic susceptibility patterns causing neonatal sepsis is crucial for guiding appropriate treatment, improving patient outcomes, and combating the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Despite its importance, data regarding neonatal sepsis in the study area is limited.

Evaluation of focused antenatal care services quality at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Central Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Antenatal care is the care that women receive during their pregnancy to ensure the health of the mother and her baby. The provision of information on birth preparedness in Ethiopia is still low, which implies identification of pre-existing health conditions that may affect the outcome of pregnancies was not provided. Even if the Focused Antenatal Care service was provided in our setup, maternal death was still high.

The prevalence of functional disability and associated factors among older adults living in Bahir Dar City, Northwest, Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: The limitation of carry out everyday activities independently is a common experience for older adults with functional disabilities, which can hurt their overall well-being. Unfortunately, there is still a dearth of evidence about how common it is among older adults, especially in low-and middle-income countries like Ethiopia. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of functional disability among older adults living in Bahir Dar city, Northwest, Ethiopia, 2023.

Incidence of anaemia and its predictors among HIV-infected children receiving highly active antiretroviral treatment in North-West Ethiopia: a multicentre retrospective follow-up study.

Background: Anaemia is one of the most common problems in HIV-infected patients associated with increased HIV progression, decreased functional capacity, survival and quality of life. For better interventions, up-to-date information concerning anaemia among HIV-infected children less than 5 years of age on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is vital. Thus, this study aims to determine the predictors of anaemia among HIV-infected children less than 5 years of age receiving ART in North-West Ethiopia.

Assessment of abnormal liver function tests and associated factors among COVID-19-infected patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022: a facility-based comparative cross-sectional study.

Objective: Liver function test (LFT) abnormalities are higher in patients with severe COVID-19. Most of the studies on this theme were conducted in foreign nations, and the association with LFT abnormalities was not sufficiently addressed in the study areas. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of COVID-19 infection on liver function of patients.

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from various clinical specimens at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: K. pneumoniae become multidrug-resistant (MDR) and commonly poses a serious health threat to patients due to limited therapeutic options. As a result, determining the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of K.

Evaluation of the implementation fidelity of comprehensive emergency obstetric and newborn care at University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a mixed-method evaluation.

Background: Approximately 15% of births worldwide result in life-threatening complications during pregnancy, delivery, or postpartum. Comprehensive Emergency Management of Obstetric and Newborn Care (CEmONC) is intended as one of the measures for maternal healthcare services to reduce the high burden with regard to childbirth complications. However, its state of implementation fidelity has not been well investigated.

Seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, and syphilis co-infections and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Amhara regional state, northern Ethiopia: A hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Co-infections involving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and syphilis pose significant public health problems during pregnancy. It can increase the risk of adverse outcomes for both the woman and the infant more than each infection alone does. However, the magnitude of these co-infections remains insufficiently documented.

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses and some possible associated factors among cancer patients at the Oncology Treatment Center, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Cancer patients are prone to infections such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), which pose a major public health challenge, especially in developing countries. However, little is known about the magnitude of these infections among cancer patients in Ethiopia. Thus, this study determined the prevalence of HBV and HCV in cancer patients at the Oncology Treatment Center, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia.

Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated from Bloodstream Infection-Suspected Patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) are the leading cause of sepsis-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria is also a growing global concern. As a result, data on bacterial profile and their antibiogram are essential for strategies to contain drug resistance, improve the quality of patient care, and strengthen health systems.

Effects of sex, toilet training, stress, and caffeine on nocturnal enuresis among school children in Gondar Town, the metropolitan city of Ethiopia: a community-based study in 2023.

Background: Nocturnal enuresis is associated with severe social and psychological problems that affect one's self-esteem, later in life, harmed adolescent and adult life, emotional stress on the family, and poor school performance. Moreover, enuresis children may cause panic attacks, mood disorders, and depression. This study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of nocturnal enuresis among children aged 5-14 years in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023.

Surgical aspects and outcomes after nephrectomy for Wilms tumour in sub-Saharan Africa: A report from Wilms Africa Phase II-CANCaRe Africa.

Background: Wilms tumour (WT) is one of the common and curable cancer types targeted by the Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer. Tumour excision is essential for cure. This analysis focuses on surgical outcomes of patients with WT in sub-Saharan Africa.

A digital microscope for the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, including P. falciparum with hrp2/hrp3 deletion.

Sensitive and accurate malaria diagnosis is required for case management to accelerate control efforts. Diagnosis is particularly challenging where multiple Plasmodium species are endemic, and where P. falciparum hrp2/3 deletions are frequent.

Health-related quality of life and associated factors among primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy, in Bahir Dar and Gondar cities, Ethiopia, 2022.

Background: Caring for a child with cerebral palsy (CP) could negatively affect the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of the mothers who are usually the primary caregivers. To the best of our 'knowledge, there is a dearth of information on the HRQOL of primary caregivers of children with CP in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate caregivers' HRQOL and factors associated with it in Gondar and Bahir Dar Cities, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022.

Trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in Northwest Ethiopia: Xpert® MTB/RIF assay results from 2015 to 2021.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in countries with limited resources. The emergence of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), particularly rifampicin (RIF) resistance, hindered TB control efforts. Continuous surveillance and regular monitoring of drug-resistant TB, including rifampicin resistance (RR), are required for effective TB intervention strategies and prevention and control measures.

Dolutegravir based therapy showed CD4 T cell count recovery and viral load suppression among ART naïve people living with HIV AIDS: a pilot evaluation.

Recently, dolutegravir (DTG)-based combined therapy, a more effective and safer first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART), has been recommended by the World Health Organization for the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) since July 2018. However, its effectiveness in CD4 T-cells count recovery and viral load suppression has not been studied yet in Ethiopia, where HIV is endemic. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a pilot assessment on the effect of DTG-based therapy on CD4 T-cell count and viral load count among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Ethiopia.

Insights into the in-vitro Susceptibility and Drug-Drug Interaction Profiles Against Drug-Resistant and Susceptible Clinical Isolates in Amhara, Ethiopia.

Background: In Ethiopia, tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem. The aim of the study was to determine the in vitro susceptibility level of drugs and drug interaction profiles against drug-resistant and susceptible clinical isolates. A laboratory-based cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2023 and August 2023.

Molecular characterization of genetic mutations with fitness loss in pulmonary tuberculosis patients associated with HIV co-infection in Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia.

Objectives: Molecular approaches to identifying resistance-conferring mutations suggest a revolution in the field of tuberculosis. The aim of the study was to determine the association between resistance-conferring mutations with fitness loss in clinical isolates and HIV co-infection in the Amhara region of Ethiopia.

Methods: A laboratory-based cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2022 and June 2023.

Development and validation of risk prediction model for diabetic neuropathy among diabetes mellitus patients at selected referral hospitals, in Amhara regional state Northwest Ethiopia, 2005-2021.

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is the most common complication in both Type-1 and Type-2 DM patients with more than one half of all patients developing nerve dysfunction in their lifetime. Although, risk prediction model was developed for diabetic neuropathy in developed countries, It is not applicable in clinical practice, due to poor data, methodological problems, inappropriately analyzed and reported. To date, no risk prediction model developed for diabetic neuropathy among DM in Ethiopia, Therefore, this study aimed prediction the risk of diabetic neuropathy among DM patients, used for guiding in clinical decision making for clinicians.

Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant and Multidrug-Resistant Strains from Patients Attending the Referral Hospitals of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.

Background: () causes different types of human infections and can develop resistance to many antibiotics. There is a scarcity of data on the gene and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain distribution of this organism in developing countries, such as Ethiopia. This study investigated the presence of gene and MDR profile of among patients attending referral hospitals of Amhara regional state.

Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia.

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has continued to be a serious public health threat and significantly challenges global TB control and prevention efforts, where the TB/HIV co-infection epidemic makes the situation much worse. The aim of the study was to determine the determinant factors associated with patterns of MDR-TB among pulmonary TB patients in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2022 to February 2023 in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia.

Postpartum anemia and its determinant factors among postnatal women in two selected health institutes in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: A facility-based, cross-sectional study.

Background: Anemia is highly prevalent globally and disproportionately affects postnatal women. It is a significant cause of maternal mortality and morbidity globally.

Objective: The main aim of this study was to determine the extent of postpartum anemia and associated factors among postnatal women in two selected health facilities in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia.

Assessment of Electrolyte Imbalance and Associated Factors Among Adult Diabetic Patients Attending the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Electrolyte imbalance refers to altered electrolyte levels that predominantly affect diabetic patients due to hyperglycemia which rise plasma osmolality and impaired renal function, contributing to a change in electrolyte level. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of electrolyte imbalance and its associated factors among diabetic patients and healthy control groups attending the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.

Patients And Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 diabetic patients and 130 diabetes-free controls.