Suppressing Expression of SERPINE1/PAI1 Through Activation of GPER1 Reduces Progression of Vulvar Carcinoma.

Background/aim: The serine proteinase inhibitor 1 (SERPINE1) gene codes for the plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1) protein and is thought to play a tumor supportive role in various cancers. In this work we aimed to uncover the role PAI1 plays in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of vulvar cancer (VC), and define the protein's function as an oncogene or tumor suppressor.

Materials And Methods: Through treatment with an agonist (G1) and antagonist (G36) of G-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), an upstream regulator of SERPINE1 expression, and a forward transfection knockdown protocol, the expression of SERPINE1/PAI1 in VC cells was altered.

Tensile and Bending Strength of Birch and Beech Lamellas Finger Jointed with Conventional and Newly Developed Finger-Joint Profiles.

In this study, the tensile and bending strength of birch and beech lamellas finger jointed with conventional () and newly developed finger-joint profiles () are presented. Polyurethane (PUR), Melamine-Urea-Formaldehyde (MUF) and Phenol-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (PRF) adhesive systems were used to bond the finger joints. The objective of the profiles was to reduce the stress concentrations within the finger joint by cutting the cross-grooved fingers perpendicular to the main orientation of the finger-joint profile.

Methamphetamine-induced cardiotoxicity: in search of protective transcriptional mechanisms.

Crystalline methamphetamine hydrochloride is an illegal drug with a high addictive potential, better known by its colloquial name "ice" or "crystal meth". The abuse of this drug has led to significant health problems worldwide. Like other amphetamine-type stimulants, chronic consumption of methamphetamine leads to direct toxic effects on the central nervous system, causing cognitive impairment, depressive behavior, and other severe neurological or psychiatric symptoms.

Analysis of mitochondrial translation using click chemistry.

Mitochondria contain their own gene expression machinery, which synthesizes core subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system. Monitoring mitochondrial translation within spatial compartments of cells is difficult. Here we describe a method to visualize mitochondrial translation within defined parts of cells, using a click chemistry approach.

In organello silencing of mitochondrial gene expression.

Mitochondria contain proteins from two genetic origins. Most mitochondrial proteins are encoded in the nuclear genome, translated in the cytosol, and subsequently imported into the different mitochondrial sub-compartments. A small number is encoded in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).

A retrospective cohort analysis of factors influencing continuous antibiotic therapy with ampicillin.

Aims: There are limited data on ampicillin/sulbactam, both for continuous infusion and for use in critically ill patients. We aimed to identify factors that help predict ampicillin plasma levels during continuous antibiotic therapy in intensive care patients.

Main Methods: We retrospectively reviewed and retrieved a large dataset of patients who received continuous ampicillin infusion with therapeutic drug monitoring between 2015 and 2022.

No Future Growth Enhancement Expected at the Northern Edge for European Beech due to Continued Water Limitation.

With ongoing global warming, increasing water deficits promote physiological stress on forest ecosystems with negative impacts on tree growth, vitality, and survival. How individual tree species will react to increased drought stress is therefore a key research question to address for carbon accounting and the development of climate change mitigation strategies. Recent tree-ring studies have shown that trees at higher latitudes will benefit from warmer temperatures, yet this is likely highly species-dependent and less well-known for more temperate tree species.

Bone marrow transplantation increases sulfatase activity in somatic tissues in a multiple sulfatase deficiency mouse model.

Background: Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency (MSD) is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by deficient enzymatic activity of all known sulfatases. MSD patients frequently carry two loss of function mutations in the SUMF1 gene, encoding a formylglycine-generating enzyme (FGE) that activates 17 different sulfatases. MSD patients show common features of other lysosomal diseases like mucopolysaccharidosis and metachromatic leukodystrophy, including neurologic impairments, developmental delay, and visceromegaly.

A new framework for SubtiWiki, the database for the model organism Bacillus subtilis.

Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive model bacterium and one of the most-studied and best understood organisms. The complex information resulting from its investigation is compiled in the database SubtiWiki (https://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.

Variables for reporting studies on extended - focused assessment with sonography for trauma (E-FAST): An international delphi consensus study.

Background: The Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (E-FAST) is a diagnostic ultrasound technique used in hospital and pre-hospital settings for patients with torso trauma. While E-FAST is common in emergency departments, its pre-hospital use is less routine. This study aims to establish a set of variables for designing studies on pre-hospital E-FAST through a Delphi consensus process involving international experts.

Response of bacterial and fungal composition in tailings to Mn pollution.

Microorganisms are crucial for natural remediation of heavy metal pollution in mining areas. The regional survey and process analysis of Mn mine microbes is still limited. We investigated microbial species composition in tailings and adjacent soils of seven typical Mn mining areas in wet mid-subtropical China.

Phosphasilene mediated CO activation and deoxygenative homo coupling of CO molecules in reactions with metal carbonyls.

Herein, we report the synthesis of a new sterically demanding hyper-coordinate phosphasilene (Mes*PSi(SiMe)(PhC(N Bu)) (1) and its unprecedented reactivity with metal carbonyls (M = Fe, Mo, W). The reaction of 1 with Fe(CO) involves the deoxygenative homocoupling of two CO molecules, forming a rare ketene (μ-CCO) inserted Fe complex 2. Contrastingly, reactions with M(CO) (M = Mo, W) entail the deoxygenated activation of one CO molecule, with the second CO molecule being trapped between Si and P atoms.

The three-dimensional course of cranial development of very preterm infants during the first year of life.

Background: Cranial measurements are crucial for evaluating preterm general development because they are a surrogate tool for evaluating brain growth. Usually, they are based on tape-measured head circumference; however, a three-dimensional (3D) approach expands the diagnostic spectrum to the evaluation of cranial volume and shape.

Aims: Very preterm (vPT) infants face multiple risks and obstacles in their early development.

Controlling achiral and chiral conformations of benzyl alcohol by -halogenation, collisional relaxation and dimerisation.

-Halogenated benzyl alcohol can exist in two different low energy chiral conformations, only one of them with an OH-X contact (X = Cl, Br, I). A third, achiral conformation is enabled by the halogen substitution. We show by IR spectroscopy in supersonic jets that the achiral monomer is less stable than the chiral conformation with OH-X contact, but both can be produced in similar amounts using helium as a carrier gas.

Apolipoprotein E aggregation in microglia initiates Alzheimer's disease pathology by seeding β-amyloidosis.

The seeded growth of pathogenic protein aggregates underlies the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but how this pathological cascade is initiated is not fully understood. Sporadic AD is linked genetically to apolipoprotein E (APOE) and other genes expressed in microglia related to immune, lipid, and endocytic functions. We generated a transgenic knockin mouse expressing HaloTag-tagged APOE and optimized experimental protocols for the biochemical purification of APOE, which enabled us to identify fibrillary aggregates of APOE in mice with amyloid-β (Aβ) amyloidosis and in human AD brain autopsies.

Fission of double-membrane tubes under tension.

The division of a cellular compartment culminates with the scission of a highly constricted membrane neck. Scission requires lipid rearrangements, topology changes, and transient formation of nonbilayer intermediate structures driven by curvature stress. Often, a side effect of this stress is pore-formation, which may lead to content leakage and thus breaching of the membrane barrier function.

Resilience of genetic diversity in forest trees over the Quaternary.

The effect of past environmental changes on the demography and genetic diversity of natural populations remains a contentious issue and has rarely been investigated across multiple, phylogenetically distant species. Here, we perform comparative population genomic analyses and demographic inferences for seven widely distributed and ecologically contrasting European forest tree species based on concerted sampling of 164 populations across their natural ranges. For all seven species, the effective population size, N, increased or remained stable over many glacial cycles and up to 15 million years in the most extreme cases.

Effect of Early Removal of Urinary Catheter in Patients Undergoing Abdominal and Thoracic Surgeries with Continuous Thoracic Epidural Analgesia on Postoperative Urinary Retention.

Background: Postoperative continuous thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is an integral aspect of pain management after major abdominal and thoracic surgery. Under TEA, postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is frequently noted, prompting a common practice of maintaining the transurethral catheter (UC) until the cessation of TEA to avoid the necessity for reinsertion of the UC. This study analyzes the effect of an early bladder catheter removal during TEA on POUR incidence.

Evaluating accession decisions in customs unions: a dynamic machine learning approach.

Previous work in the literature on regional economic integration has proposed the use of machine learning algorithms to evaluate the composition of customs unions, specifically, to estimate the degree to which customs unions match "natural markets" arising from trade flow data or appear to be driven by other factors such as political considerations. This paper expands upon the static approaches used in previous studies to develop a dynamic framework that allows to evaluate not only the composition of customs unions at a given point in time, but also changes in the composition over time resulting from accessions of new member states. We then apply the dynamic algorithm to evaluate the evolution of the global landscape of customs unions using data on bilateral trade flows of 200 countries from 1958 to 2018.