USP1 in regulation of DNA repair pathways.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 1 (USP1) is the founding member of the family of cysteine proteases that catalyse hydrolysis of the isopeptide bond between ubiquitin and targets. USP1 is often overexpressed in various cancers, and expression levels correlate with poor prognosis. USP1 and its partner USP1-associated Factor 1 (UAF1) are required for deubiquitinating monoubiquitin signals in DNA interstrand crosslink repair, and in Translesion synthesis, among others, and both proteins are subject to multiple regulations themselves.

Synchronized acoustic emission and high-speed imaging of cavitation-induced atomization: The role of shock waves.

This study experimentally investigates the role of cavitation-induced shock waves in initiating and destabilizing capillary (surface) waves on a droplet surface, preceding atomization. Acoustic emissions and interfacial wave dynamics were simultaneously monitored in droplets of different liquids (water, isopropyl alcohol and glycerol), using a calibrated fiber-optic hydrophone and high-speed imaging. Spectral analysis of the hydrophone data revealed distinct subharmonic frequency peaks in the acoustic spectrum correlated with the wavelength of capillary waves, which were optically captured during the onset of atomization from the repetitive imploding bubbles.

Investigation of the threonine metabolism of Echinococcus multilocularis: The threonine dehydrogenase as a potential drug target in alveolar echinococcosis.

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a severe zoonotic disease caused by the metacestode stage of the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. We recently showed that E. multilocularis metacestode vesicles scavenge large amounts of L-threonine from the culture medium.

Sex Differences in Neurological Outcome at 6 and 12 Months Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. An Observational Analysis of the OXY-TC Trial.

The effect of sex in outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains uncertain. We explored whether outcomes differed between women and men after standardized care management during the first 5 days in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study was an observational analysis of the OXY-TC multicenter randomized clinical trial between June 15, 2016 and April 17, 2021.

Shaping the Space: A Role for the Hippocampus in Mental Imagery Formation.

Mental imagery is claimed to underlie a host of abilities, such as episodic memory, working memory, and decision-making. A popular view holds that mental imagery relies on the perceptual system and that it can be said to be 'vision in reverse'. Whereas vision exploits the bottom-up neural pathways of the visual system, mental imagery exploits the top-down neural pathways.

Exploring segmented assimilation theory in health education utilization and its influencing factors among internal migrants in China: insights from the 2017 China migrants dynamic survey.

Introduction: This study investigated segmented assimilation patterns and factors influencing health education utilization (HEU) among internal migrant populations in China, driven by concerns over their declining health owing to urbanization-related changes.

Methods: Data from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey were analyzed, focusing on 13,998 rural migrants. Negative binomial regression was used to explore assimilation patterns and determine the factors affecting HEU among internal migrants in China.

The engagement of healthcare providers in implementing the selfBACK randomised controlled trial - A mixed-methods process evaluation.

Background: People with low back pain (LBP) are often recommended to self-manage their condition, but it can be challenging without support. Digital health interventions (DHIs) have shown promise in supporting self-management of LBP, but little is known about healthcare providers' (HCPs) engagement in implementing these.

Aims: We aimed to examine HCPs' engagement in patient recruitment for the selfBACK app clinical trial and explore their perceptions of the app.

Efficacy of the Protocol for Trauma Team Activation in Taipei: A Retrospective Study.

Trauma triage is the use of trauma assessment for prioritizing patients for treatment or transport by injury severity. According to Taiwan Public Health Report, accidents and their adverse events were the sixth leading cause of death and accounted for over 7000 casualties in 2009. However, a lack of accuracy in identifying the severity of a patient's injury and their prehospital information can result in inappropriate triage.

Comparative technoeconomic analysis of centralised and decentralised water source heat pump systems using CATHeaPS.

In the efforts to decarbonise the heat sector, heat pumps can offer a cost-effective transition away from fossil fuels. Water Source Heat Pumps (WSHP) can be utilised in cases where ambient water sources (river, ground water, abandoned mines water) are present. However, the economic benefits of different levels of heat pump centralisation as well as their comparative advantages over other decentralised options such as individual Air Source Heat Pumps (ASHP) or Gas Boilers (GB) remain uncertain and further investigations are necessary to fully assess their potential.

Incidence of Radiologically Confirmed Fractures in Adults With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Introduction/aims: An increased risk of low trauma fractures is well documented in children and adolescents with duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). There is limited evidence regarding the fracture incidence of adults with DMD. The aim of this study was to examine radiologically confirmed fractures in adults with DMD and review bone health monitoring.

Patient perspectives of shared decision-making in emergency surgery.

Aim: Shared decision-making (SDM) is now considered the gold standard approach to counselling and obtaining patient consent. Research into patient perceptions of SDM is lacking and barriers to its implementation remain, specifically in the time-pressurized, high-risk emergency general surgery (EGS) setting. The aim of this work was to explore what EGS patients understand about SDM, gaining insight into their perspectives and experiences to understand the potential barriers both clinicians and patients may face.

Quasi-static and dynamic compression behavior of stacked pyramidal lattice structures with I-beam struts.

This study investigates the quasi-static and dynamic compression performance of a newly designed stacked pyramidal lattice (SPL) structure composed of struts that resemble I-beams. These novel lattice structures are 3D-printed considering three different stacking sequences, and their stiffness, strength, and energy absorption properties are experimentally assessed through low-velocity impact (1.54 m/s) and quasi-static compression tests.

Endocrine and molecular regulation of seasonal avian immune function.

Birds have evolved seasonal adaptations in multiple aspects of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Seasonal immunological adaptations are crucial for survival in harsh environmental conditions and in response to increased prevalence of acute and chronic diseases. Similar to other vertebrates, birds exhibit remarkable plasticity in cytokine production, chemotaxis, phagocytosis and inflammation across the year.

BioClocks UK: driving robust cycles of discovery to impact.

Chronobiology is a multidisciplinary field that extends across the tree of life, transcends all scales of biological organization, and has huge translational potential. For the UK to harness the opportunities presented within applied chronobiology, we need to build our network outwards to reach stakeholders that can directly benefit from our discoveries. In this article, we discuss the importance of biological rhythms to our health, society, economy and environment, with a particular focus on circadian rhythms.

Ergothioneine improves healthspan of aged animals by enhancing cGPDH activity through CSE-dependent persulfidation.

Ergothioneine (ET), a dietary thione/thiol, is receiving growing attention for its possible benefits in healthy aging and metabolic resilience. Our study investigates ET's effects on healthspan in aged animals, revealing lifespan extension and enhanced mobility in Caenorhabditis elegans, accompanied by improved stress resistance and reduced age-associated biomarkers. In aged rats, ET administration enhances exercise endurance, muscle mass, and vascularization, concomitant with higher NAD levels in muscle.

Top Ten epilepsy research priorities: A UK priority setting partnership.

Purpose: Research into epilepsy has experienced decades of chronic underfunding compared to other neurological conditions despite its prevalence and seriousness. To evidence the need for greater investment, the Epilepsy Research Institute (formerly Epilepsy Research UK) funded, led and managed a James Lind Alliance (JLA) Priority Setting Partnership (PSP). This "industry standard" methodology brings together healthcare professionals, patients, carers and patient group representatives to identify and prioritise research uncertainties within a defined area of health or care.

Treatment, prognosis, and outcome of dogs treated for rectal plasmacytoma: a multicentric retrospective study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to report the outcome and prognosis of canine patients treated medically or surgically for rectal plasmacytomas and to identify factors associated with recurrence, mortality, or progression to multiple myeloma.

Methods: The databases of 7 referral hospitals were reviewed. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards analysis were used to determine the association of a range of variables with recurrence and progression-free interval for the surgically treated patients.

Is Intracranial Pressure Monitoring After Open Cranial Procedures Associated With Outcome?

Introduction: It is unclear if intracranial pressure monitoring (ICPM) after open cranial procedures (craniotomy or craniectomy) (OC) for traumatic brain injury is associated with mortality. We hypothesized that ICPM placed early after OC was associated with lower mortality compared to no ICPM or delayed ICPM placement.

Methods: Using 2020-2021 data from the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program, patients ≥16 y from level 1 and 2 trauma centers who underwent OC were divided into two groups: ICPM placed within 72 h of OC (early) and no ICPM or ICPM placed after 72 h (none/delayed).

Efficacy of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Weight Loss, BMI, and Waist Circumference for Patients With Obesity or Overweight: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression of 47 Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: To provide an updated synthesis on effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) on weight, BMI, and waist circumference incorporating newer randomized controlled trials (RCTs), particularly in individuals with overweight or obesity.

Research Design And Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for RCTs published from inception to 4 October 2024. The search was limited to RCTs evaluating the use of GLP-1 RAs for mean differences from baseline in weight, BMI, and waist circumference in adults with obesity or overweight with or without diabetes.

Expert decision-making in clinicians: An auto-analytic ethnographic study of operational decision-making in urgent care.

Objective: To conceptualise the cognitive processes of early expert decision-making in urgent care.

Background: Expert clinicians in the UK frequently determine suitable urgent care patient pathways via telephone triage. This strategy is promoted by policymakers but how it is performed, and its effectiveness has not been evaluated.

Post-craniectomy hydrocephalus in adult traumatic brain injury patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors and outcome.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of death, disability, and healthcare expenses worldwide. Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a critical surgery used when there is uncontrollable swelling in the brain following a TBI. Research has shown that 27.

Children With Sydenham Chorea and Psychiatric Disorders Had Variable Long-Term Outcomes and Required Multidisciplinary Management.

Aim: Sydenham chorea (SC) is a globally significant, post-streptococcal, childhood neuropsychiatric condition that is rare in western Europe. This retrospective single-centre study focused on children with neuropsychiatric features of SC.

Methods: Participants were recruited from neuropsychiatry referrals to a regional paediatric neurology department in Glasgow, Scotland, from 2009 to 2012.

Early Cold Stored Platelet Transfusion Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To determine the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of cold stored compared to room temperature platelet transfusion in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Summary Background Data: Data demonstrating the safety and efficacy of cold stored platelet transfusion are lacking following traumatic brain injury.

Methods: A phase 2, randomized, open label, clinical trial was performed at a single U.

Does perioperative electroacupuncture reduce postoperative pain in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy?

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the analgesic efficacy of perioperative electroacupuncture in fifty-six healthy female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy as part of a catch-neuter-release project.

Materials And Methods: Ten minutes after sedation with 20 μg/kg medetomidine combined with 0.3 mg/kg butorphanol intramuscularly, the dogs were randomly allocated into two groups and received either electroacupuncture (EA, = 27) or sham acupuncture (C, = 29) treatment for 10 min (after sedation until the end of the surgery) at 6 different acupuncture points LI-4 (Large intestine 4), LIV-3 (Liver 3), ST-36 (Stomach 36), SP-6 (Spleen 6) bilateral.

Analysis of risk factors for acute cerebral infarction in patients with intracranial tuberculosis.

Objective: Acute cerebral infarction is a common complication of intracranial tuberculosis (TB), causing irreversible damage to brain tissue and significantly affecting patient prognosis. This study aims to explore the risk factors associated with acute cerebral infarction in patients with intracranial tuberculosis.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from eligible intracranial TB patients treated at our hospital between January 2020 and March 2023.