Additive inclusion in plastic life cycle assessments, part II: Review of additive inventory data trends and availability.

Plastic additives are as essential as polymers to the production and performance of plastic materials. Additive content can vary in composition and functionality depending on the product, producer, application, and production method. Such variation may be a barrier to achieving high-quality recycling and planning for plastic circular economy futures.

Additive inclusion in plastic life cycle assessments part I: Review of mechanical recycling studies.

As the European Union transitions to the circular use of plastics, robust life cycle assessments are crucial in understanding and preparing for this new economy. Additives are essential to the production of all plastics but were reported as missing from life cycle assessments (LCAs) of plastic materials a decade ago. This study expands upon previous research by investigating if plastic additive impacts are now included in LCAs of recycled plastic materials or if they are still absent.

Standardization of Apolipoprotein B, LDL-Cholesterol, and Non-HDL-Cholesterol.

Concern continues about whether the measurement of apolipoprotein B (apoB) is adequately standardized, and therefore, whether apoB should be applied widely in clinical care. This concern is misplaced. Our objective is to explain why and what the term "standardization" means.

Whole-genome sequencing elucidates the species-wide diversity and evolution of fungicide resistance in the early blight pathogen .

Early blight of potato is caused by the fungal pathogen  and is an increasing problem worldwide. The primary strategy to control the disease is applying fungicides such as succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI). SDHI-resistant strains, showing reduced sensitivity to treatments, appeared in Germany in 2013, shortly after the introduction of SDHIs.

Inevitable Influences: AI-Based Medical Devices at the Intersection of Medical Devices Regulation and the Proposal for AI Regulation.

In recent years, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the medical field has attracted increased attention. Due to their impressive advantages, AI systems offer excellent prospects for medical device manufacturers using these systems to upgrade their products. Such AI-based medical devices are already subject to partial regulation within the lines of Medical device regulation 745/2017.

Genetic Material and Sequence Data to Protect Global Health in the Light of Pandemic Outbreaks: Mapping the Legal Landscape under European and International Law.

The current pandemic outbreak of corona virus SARS-CoV-2 shows the need for comprehensive European cooperation in drug development and the importance of genetic material and sequence data in research concerning this unknown disease. As corona virus SARS-CoV-2 is spreading across Europe and worldwide, national authorities and the European Union (EU) institutions do their utmost to address the pandemic and accelerate innovation to protect global health. In order to be prepared and to be able to respond immediately to serious epidemic and pandemic diseases, the EU has already adopted the Decision No (EU) 1082/2013 on serious cross-border threats to health.

Complete hemispherotomy leads to lateralized functional organization and lower level of consciousness in the isolated hemisphere.

Objective: To quantify whole-brain functional organization after complete hemispherotomy, characterizing unexplored plasticity pathways and the conscious level of the dissected hemispheres.

Methods: Evaluation with multimodal magnetic resonance imaging in two pediatric patients undergoing right hemispherotomy including complete callosotomy with a perithalamic section. Regional cerebral blood flow and fMRI network connectivity assessed the functional integrity of both hemispheres after surgery.

The quest for the identity of (Scopoli, 1763) reveals centuries of misidentifications (Diptera, Dolichopodidae).

Recently, a species of was collected in Greece that differs morphologically from the European species commonly presumed to be (Scopoli, 1763). Verification of the identity of the Greek species through comparison with 460 specimens of from 17 West Palaearctic and one Afrotropical country, and examination of existing type material, revealed that the species recognized as in northwestern Europe for over 250 years is actually (Becker, 1907), the other known species in the genus, which was originally described from Tunisia. Although the types of have been lost, a comparison of the distribution ranges of both species in Europe provided evidence that the species collected in Greece is conspecific with .

Which egg features predict egg rejection responses in American robins? Replicating Rothstein's (1982) study.

Rothstein (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 11, 1982, 229) was one of the first comprehensive studies to examine how different egg features influence egg rejection behaviors of avian brood parasite-hosts. The methods and conclusions of Rothstein (1982) laid the foundation for subsequent experimental brood parasitism studies over the past thirty years, but its results have never been evaluated with replication. Here, we partially replicated Rothstein's (1982) experiments using parallel artificial model egg treatments to simulate cowbird () parasitism in American robin () nests.

Community assembly in Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish: quantifying the contributions of both niche-based and neutral processes.

The cichlid family features some of the most spectacular examples of adaptive radiation. Evolutionary studies have highlighted the importance of both trophic adaptation and sexual selection in cichlid speciation. However, it is poorly understood what processes drive the composition and diversity of local cichlid species assemblages on relatively short, ecological timescales.

Surgical protocol and short-term clinical outcome of immediate placement in molar extraction sockets using a wide body implant.

Objectives: Implant placement in molar extraction sockets can be difficult due to complex multi-root anatomy and the lack of predictable primary stability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of an 8 - 9 mm diameter tapered implant, designed to be placed in molar extraction sockets.

Material And Methods: Patients treated at least 1 year before with a Max(®) implant (Southern Implants, Irene, South Africa) were invited for a clinical examination.