Pupillary Light Reflex and Menace Response in Neonatal Camel Calves (Camelus dromedarius).

Background: Pupillary light reflex (PLR) and menace response are among the tests used in neurological and ophthalmic examinations in animals.

Objective: The intent of this study was to investigate the development of the PLR and menace response in neonatal camel calves.

Methods: Thirty healthy camel calves were studied after birth until the menace response and PLR were well established.

Air quality prediction and control systems using machine learning and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system.

Accurately predicting air quality concentrations is a challenging task due to the complex interactions of pollutants and their reliance on nonlinear processes. This study introduces an innovative approach in environmental engineering, employing artificial intelligence techniques to forecast air quality in Semnan, Iran. Comprehensive data on seven different pollutants was initially collected and analyzed.

A Nanosized Porous Supramolecular Lead(II)-'-phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylene--phenylthiosemicarbazide Aggregate, Obtained Under Electrochemical Conditions.

A novel nanosized porous supramolecular nonanuclear complex [Pb(HL)Cl(ClO)](ClO)·15HO(solvent) (·15HO(solvent)) is reported that was synthesized by electrochemical oxidation of a Pb anode under the ambient conditions in a CHCN:MeOH solution of '-phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylene--phenylthiosemicarbazide (), containing [N(CH)]ClO as a current carrier. The supramolecular aggregate of is enforced by a myriad of Pb···S tetrel bonds (TtBs) established with the thiocarbonyl sulfur atoms of adjacent species, which have been also analyzed by DFT calculations via 2D maps of ELF, Laplacian and RDG properties. Moreover, Pb···Cl TtBs with the central Cl anion, and Pb···O TtBs with the three oxygen atoms of the ClO anion, were revealed.

Evaluation and selection of the best artificial lift method for optimal production using PIPESIM software.

A well can be produced and exploited when it has production power, in other words, if the well does not have enough pressure, it will not be able to flow. Artificial production is a method to increase the lifespan of well production. The well studied in this article has a significant annual lower pressure drop; So now with the current pressure of the existing well, it is not possible to send the oil of this well to the separator of the first stage of the exploitation unit.

Selective cytotoxicity of standardised n-hexane extract of black soldier flies' larvae on cancerous skin cells mitochondria isolated from rat model of melanoma.

Introduction: Melanoma is known as a highly lethal cancer. In melanoma cells, apoptosis signalling which relies heavily on the acute activity of mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation is suppressed. Our previous studies on natural compounds on melanoma suggested that mitochondria are a potential target for the melanoma treatment by selective cytotoxic effect of them.

A Review of Synthesis Methods, Modifications, and Mechanisms of ZnO/TiO-Based Photocatalysts for Photodegradation of Contaminants.

The environment being surrounded by accumulated durable waste organic compounds has become a critical crisis for human societies. Generally, organic effluents of industrial plants released into the water source and air are removed by some physical and chemical processes. Utilizing photocatalysts as cost-effective, accessible, thermally/mechanically stable, nontoxic, reusable, and powerful UV-absorber compounds creates a new gateway toward the removal of dissolved, suspended, and gaseous pollutants even in trace amounts.

Synthesis of colloidal silica nanofluid and assessment of its impact on interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability for enhanced oil recovery (EOR).

Ever-increasing global energy demand, from one hand and reduced oil initially in place in oil reservoirs due to production and reduced natural reservoir production capacity, on the other hand, has encouraged researchers to investigate different methods to improve and increase enhanced oil recovery (EOR) from oil reservoirs. One method is to employ nanotechnology in injected water, where nanoparticles could affect interfacial tension (IFT) between water and oil and wettability through properties, including high specific surface area and nanoparticle size. However, a major challenge in using nanoparticles in injected water is the instability of these particles in water, which ultimately reduces the efficiency of EOR.

Gene Expression Programming Model for Tribological Behavior of Novel SiC-ZrO-Al Hybrid Composites.

In order to improve product format quality and material flexibility, variety of application, and cost-effectiveness, SiC, ZrO, and Al hybrid composites were manufactured in the research utilizing the powder metallurgy (PM) technique. A model was created to predict the tribological behavior of SiC-ZrO-Al hybrid composites using statistical data analysis and gene expression programming (GEP) based on artificial intelligence. For the purpose of examining the impact of zirconia concentration, sliding distance, and applied stress on the wear behavior of hybrid composites, a comprehensive factor design of experiments was used.

Development of evaporation technique for concentrating lead acid wastewater from the battery recycling plant, by nanocomposite ceramic substrates and solar/wind energy.

Wastewater from car battery recycling plants contains lead ions. This acidic wastewater was treated by the solar steam generation method. In this research, a light porous ceramic substrate (PCS) was made based on clay, human hair, and nano-hydroxyapatite.

Predicting diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients using machine learning algorithms.

Background: Global healthcare centers today are challenged by the dramatic increase in the prevalence of diabetes. Also, complications from diabetes are a major cause of deaths worldwide. One of the most frequent microvascular complications in diabetic patients is diabetic nephropathy (DN) which is the leading cause of death and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Development and validation of a risk score for diabetic kidney disease prediction in type 2 diabetes patients: a machine learning approach.

Purpose: This study aims to develop and validate a risk score to predict the occurrence of DKD in individuals with type 2 diabetes using a machine learning (ML) approach.

Methods: By implementing Recursive Feature Elimination with Cross-Validation (RFECV) and RFE on the Diabetes Clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex (IKHC) dataset, the most critical features were identified. These features were used in the multivariate logistic regression (LR) analysis, and the discrimination and calibration of the model were evaluated.

Viable closed-loop supply chain network by considering robustness and risk as a circular economy.

The viable closed-loop supply chain network (VCLSCND) is a new concept that integrates sustainability, resiliency, and agility into a circular economy. We suggest a hybrid robust stochastic optimization by minimizing the weighted expected, maximum, and entropic value at risk (EVaR) of the cost function for this problem. This form considers robustness against demand disruption.

A high gain multiband offset MIMO antenna based on a planar log-periodic array for Ku/K-band applications.

An offset quad-element, two-port, high-gain, and multiband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) planar antenna based on a log-periodic dipole array (LPDA) for Ku/K-band wireless communications is proposed, in this paper. A single element antenna has been designed starting from Carrel's theory and then optimized with a 50-Ω microstrip feed-line with two orthogonal branches that results mainly in a broadside radiation pattern and improves diversity parameters. For experimental confirmation, the designed structure is printed on an RT-5880 substrate with a thickness of 1.

An analytical study of sound transmission loss of functionally graded sandwich cylindrical nanoshell integrated with piezoelectric layers.

The multidisciplinary nature of piezoelectric (PZ) structures necessitates precise and efficient methods to express their behavior under different conditions. This article extends the general usage of PZ materials by introducing acoustic and fluid loading effects in a way that an unfilled multilayer cylindrical nanoshell with a functionally graded (FG) material core and PZ layers is subjected to preliminary external electric load, acoustic waves and external flow motion. As the properties of a functionally graded material changes along the shell thickness, a power law model is assumed to be governing such variations of desired characteristics.

DFT study of interaction of Palladium Pd (n = 1-6) nanoparticles with deep eutectic solvents.

In this study, we use density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the stability, reactivity and interactions of Palladium Pd (n = 1-6) nanoparticles with ChCl:U and ChCl:EG based deep eutectic solvents (DESs). We find that the DES … Pd complexes are stabilized by two types of binding; Pd-X anchoring bonds (X = N atom of -NH group in urea and [Cl] anion) and Pd…H-X (X = C, N and O) unconventional H-bonds. Analyses based on AIM, NBO, NCI, and EDA suggest that the anchoring bonds, which are electrostatic in nature are stronger than the unconventional H-bonds, which are van der Waals in nature.

Risk factors for recurrence of FMD outbreaks in Iran: a case-control study in a highly endemic area.

Background: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals with high economic impact. FMD remains endemic in Iran particularly in the livestock-dense province of Khorasan Razavi in northeastern Iran where FMD outbreaks continuously occur. In this study, we aimed to quantify risk factors for the recurrence of FMD outbreaks in Iran by analyzing a time-series of FMD outbreak data from the province of Khorasan Razavi.