Chronic hypoxia exacerbates diabetic glomerulosclerosis through mesangiolysis and podocyte injury in db/db mice.

Background: Chronic hypoxia may play a pivotal role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the precise mechanisms underlying progressive hypoxia-induced glomerular injury remain unclear.

Methods: We housed db/db mice in a hypoxia chamber (12% O2) for up to 16 weeks beginning at 8 weeks of age.

White matter changes in children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder: A diffusion tensor imaging study.

Childhood maltreatment is associated with altered brain structure and function and is a major risk factor for psychopathology, including reactive attachment disorder (RAD). However, whether changes to white matter microstructural integrity are associated with RAD is unclear. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess group differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) in patients with RAD (n = 25; mean age = 13.

The association of scene-access delay and survival with favourable neurological status in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Background: Rapid emergency medical service (EMS) response after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major determinant of survival, however this is typically measured until EMS vehicle arrival. We sought to investigate whether the interval from EMS vehicle arrival to patient attendance (curb-to-care interval [CTC]) was associated with patient outcomes.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the "CCC Trial" dataset, which includes EMS-treated adult non-traumatic OHCA.

Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Japanese Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder has been established, but access to this therapy in Japan is limited. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy may improve treatment accessibility and sufficiently improve obsessive-compulsive symptoms. There are few randomized controlled trials examining the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

[Database of Radiotherapy Plan Image for Deformable Image Registration].

Guidelines require commissioning for deformable image registration (DIR) software before clinical use. The accuracy of DIR software depends upon data used. If common datasets for the DIR commissioning are available, the DIR results using the common datasets would be useful as an accuracy benchmark.

Robust arterial transit time and cerebral blood flow estimation using combined acquisition of Hadamard-encoded multi-delay and long-labeled long-delay pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling: a simulation and in vivo study.

Arterial transit time (ATT) prolongation causes an error of cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement during arterial spin labeling (ASL). To improve the accuracy of ATT and CBF in patients with prolonged ATT, we propose a robust ATT and CBF estimation method for clinical practice. The proposed method consists of a three-delay Hadamard-encoded pseudo-continuous ASL (H-pCASL) with an additional-encoding and single-delay with long-labeled long-delay (1dLLLD) acquisition.

Induction of High Endothelial Venule-like Vessels in Oral and Cutaneous Lichen Planus: A Comparative Study.

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease involving the oral mucosa and skin. Both oral LP (OLP) and cutaneous LP (CLP) are histopathologically characterized by dense subepithelial lymphocyte infiltrates; however, the mechanisms underlying lymphocyte recruitment to sites of LP lesions are not fully understood. Here, we assessed the induction of peripheral lymph node addressin (PNAd)-expressing high endothelial venule (HEV)-like vessels in 19 OLP and 17 CLP cases.

[Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Associated with HIV Infection Diagnosed by Brain Biopsy with Repeated Negative PCR Testing of CSF JC Virus DNA].

A 36-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was admitted to our hospital due to progressive ataxia. Brain MRI demonstrated high-signal intensity in the white matter of the right parietal lobe and left cerebellar hemisphere on T2-weighted images. Despite antiretroviral therapy, as his clinical symptoms worsened and MRI lesions gradually increased with the appearance of gadolinium-enhanced lesions, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome by progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) associated with HIV infection was suspected.

Development of Social Attention and Oxytocin Levels in Maltreated Children.

Child maltreatment (CM) is a major risk factor for various psychopathologies but also adversely affects social development. Research on oxytocin (OT) is currently drawing attention as an endocrine basis for social development. In this study, we investigated the relationship between visual attention to social cues and salivary OT levels in children exposed to CM.

Visual Body Part Representation in the Lateral Occipitotemporal Cortex in Children/Adolescents and Adults.

The lateral occipitotemporal cortex (LOTC) that responds to human bodies and body parts has been implicated in social development and neurodevelopmental disorders like autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neuroimaging studies using a representational similarity analysis (RSA) revealed that body representation in the LOTC of typically developing (TD) adults is categorized into 3 clusters: action effector body parts, noneffector body parts, and face parts. However, its organization of younger people (i.

Developmental changes in attention to social information from childhood to adolescence in autism spectrum disorders: a comparative study.

Background: Elucidating developmental changes in the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is important to support individuals with ASD. However, no report has clarified the developmental changes in attention to social information for a broad age range. The aim of this study was to investigate the developmental changes in attention to social information from early childhood to adolescence in individuals with ASD and typically developed (TD) children.

Primary Rosai-Dorfman disease of bone arising in the infantile ilium: A case report.

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is an extremely rare benign histiocytic disorder that usually affects young adults. Extranodal involvement of the RDD is common and may occur in >40% of patients, but bone involvement occurs in <10% of cases. Furthermore, primary bone RDD is extremely rare.

Thalamic Volume Is Related to Increased Anterior Thalamic Radiations in Children with Reactive Attachment Disorder.

Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is associated with childhood maltreatment and affects approximately 1% of the general population. Recent data suggest that childhood maltreatment is associated with brain alterations in white and gray matter. However, the neural mechanisms of RAD-related brain alterations remain unknown.

Public access defibrillators: Gender-based inequities in access and application.

Aim: While public access automated external defibrillator (AED) programs appear to improve outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) it is unclear if men and women benefit equally. We examined gender-based differences in OHCA location to determine what proportion were potentially eligible for public access AED application, and if patient gender was associated with AED utilization.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium registry (2011-2015).

Short-chain fatty acid mitigates adenine-induced chronic kidney disease via FFA2 and FFA3 pathways.

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetate, butyrate, and propionate, are produced when colonic bacteria in the human gastrointestinal tract ferment undigested fibers. Free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2) and FFA3 are G-protein-coupled receptors recently identified as SCFA receptors that may modulate inflammation. We previously showed through in vitro experiments that SCFAs activate FFA2 and FFA3, thereby mitigating inflammation in human renal cortical epithelial cells.

Kinematic, kinetic, and musculoskeletal modeling analysis of gait in patients with cervical myelopathy using a severity classification.

Background Context: Although a few reports have shown a change in gait motion in cervical myelopathy (CM) patients using a three-dimensional (3D) gait analysis system, there has been no detailed quantitative investigation of their gait including musculoskeletal modeling parameters. Also, 3D gait analysis using a classification of severity has not been substantiated.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate kinematic, kinetic, and musculoskeletal modeling parameters of gait motion in CM patients using a severity classification.

Prospective trial for the clinical efficacy of anogenital skin care with miconazole nitrate-containing soap for diaper candidiasis.

Anogenital skin care for the elderly remains an umbrella term concerning protective and non-interventional regimens, particularly for ordinary diaper users. Our recent investigation has demonstrated the preventive effect of daily anogenital washing with miconazole nitrate-containing soap to the development of diaper candidiasis. We extended this work to cover our hypothesis as to whether the miconazole soap has a therapeutic benefit in genital candidiasis.

The Effect of Static Stretching Duration on Muscle Blood Volume and Oxygenation.

Matsuo, H, Kubota, M, Shimada, S, Kitade, I, Matsumura, M, Nonoyama, T, Koie, Y, Naruse, H, Takahashi, A, Oki, H, Kokubo, Y, and Matsumine, A. The effect of static stretching duration on muscle blood volume and oxygenation. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 379-385, 2022-Muscle blood volume increases due to stretching; however, the minimum duration of stretching to sustainably increase the muscle blood volume after stretching has not yet been elucidated.

Oral liposarcoma in elderly: Case report and literature analysis.

Rationale: Oral liposarcoma is an extremely rare lesion that is often clinically misdiagnosed as a benign lesion because of its asymptomatic and indolent clinical course. we report a case of atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma (ALT/WDL) of buccal mucosa, provisionally diagnosed as lipoma.

Patient Concerns: A 97-year-old female was referred to dentistry and oral surgery department with an asymptomatic mass on the right buccal mucosa which had been present for an unknown period of time.